Questão 3496966

• Banca: INSTITUTO AOCP
• Órgão: PRODEB
• Ano: 2018
• Provas: INSTITUTO AOCP - 2018 - PRODEB - Especialista de TIC - Construção de Software
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Advérbios e conjunções | Adverbs and conjunctions

Team Composition

      In a large organization, it is often the case that different roles emerge. In Tayloristic teams, these different roles are grouped together as a number of role-based teams each of which contains members of the same role. In contrast, agile teams use cross-functional teams. Such a team draws together individuals performing all defined roles. Rotations from one role to another are common. It is also possible to have highly specialized experts (for example, security analysts and usability engineers) shared among several teams in an organization.

      One advantage to role-based teams is that teams whose work products are independent of each other can work in parallel as long as there is not much knowledge flow among the different functional sub-team. However, in knowledgeintensive software development that demands information flow from different functional sub teams, role-based teams tend to lead to islands of knowledge and difficulty in its sharing among all the teams. As hand-offs between teams usually are based on document flow, the knowledge of one team that is required by the other team must be externalized and documented. Although reviews try to minimize the knowledge loss, externalization and documentation processes cannot guarantee that all knowledge is captured and even if most of it was rigorously captured, there is still no guarantee or way to check its correctness till the project sign-off.

      Cross-functional teams should be used to facilitate better knowledge transfer. This is especially the case for agile methods since they are recommended to be used where there is a lot of uncertainty and unknown knowledge about the domain and system requirements, and the technologies to be used are new and unexplored.

Adaptado de: CHAU THOMAS, MAURER FRANK e MELNIK GRIGORI. Knowledge Sharing: Agile Methods vs. Tayloristic Methods. (WETICE´03) Proceedings of the Twelft IEEE International Workshop on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises, 2003.

What is the grammatical form of the word “Although” used in the second paragraph of the text?

• A. Adverb.
• B. Verb.
• C. Conjunction.
• D. Pronoun.
• E. Substitutive.

Gabarito: C

Comentários

• Gabarito C

  Although é uma conjunção. No trecho, poderia ser substituída por "apesar de", "embora", que teria a mesma função de conjunção no português. Veja a tradução livre do segundo parágrafo e o termo em destaque.

  Uma vantagem para as equipes baseadas em funções é que as equipes cujos produtos de trabalho são independentes podem trabalhar em paralelo, desde que não haja muito fluxo de conhecimento entre as diferentes sub-equipes funcionais. No entanto, no desenvolvimento de software com uso intensivo de conhecimento que exige fluxo de informações de diferentes sub-equipes funcionais, as equipes baseadas em funções tendem a levar a ilhas de conhecimento e dificuldades no compartilhamento entre todas as equipes. Como as transferências entre equipes geralmente se baseiam no fluxo de documentos, o conhecimento de uma equipe exigido pela outra equipe deve ser externalizado e documentado. Embora (although) as revisões tentem minimizar a perda de conhecimento, os processos de externalização e documentação não podem garantir que todo o conhecimento seja capturado e, mesmo que a maioria tenha sido rigorosamente capturada, ainda não há garantia ou maneira de verificar sua correção até a conclusão do projeto.

  Conjunctions are linking words like and, or, but, then and because:

  They knocked down all the houses and they built a car park.

  Are there four or five people living in that house?

  My shoes look great but are not very comfortable.

  Common subordinating conjunctions are: after, (al)though, as, before, if, since, that, until, when, whereas, while, once, so, as soon as, provided that. When a clause follows these conjunctions, it becomes a subordinate clause, which needs a main clause to make a complete sentence.

• c-

  Although is a subordinating conjunction used to link a subordinate clause to a main clause.