Questão 4122904

• Banca: VUNESP
• Órgão: Prefeitura de São José dos Campos - SP
• Ano: 2019
• Provas: VUNESP - 2019 - Prefeitura de São José dos Campos - SP - Professor II - Língua Inglesa
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Determinantes e quantificadores | Determiners and quantifiers

Leia o texto e responda à questão.

The birth of a nation

     The most memorable writing in eighteenth-century America was done by the founding fathers, the men who led the American Revolution of 1775-1783 and wrote the constitution of 1989. But none of them were writers of fiction. Rather, they were practical philosophers, and their most typical product was the political pamphlet. They shared the European Enlightenment belief that human reason could understand both nature and man. Unlike the Puritans – who saw man as a sinful failure – the Enlightenment men were sure man could improve himself. They wanted to create a happy society based on justice and freedom.

     The writings of Benjamin Franklin (1706 -1790) show the Enlightenment spirit in America at its best and most optimistic. His style is quite modern and, even today, his works are a joy to read. At the same time, there’s something “anti-literary” about Franklin. He had no liking for poetry and felt that writing should always have a practical purpose.

     Almanacs, containing much useful information for farmers and sailors (about the next year’s weather, sea tides, etc.), were a popular form of practical literature. Together with the Bible and the newspaper, they were the most-widely read and often the only reading matter in most Colonial households. Franklin made his Almanac interesting by creating the character “Little Richard”. Each new edition continued a simple but realist story about Richard, his wife and family. He also included many “sayings” about saving money and working hard. Some of those are known to most Americans today:

     Lost time is never found again.

     God helps those who help themselves.

     In 1757 Franklin collected together the best of his sayings and published The Way to Wealth. This little book became one of the best-sellers of the Western World and was translated into many languages.

(Peter High. Outline of American Literature . Essex, Longman. 1996. Adaptado)

Mark the sentence in which “most” is being used as a quantifier.

• A. The most memorable writing in eighteenth-century America was done by the founding fathers.
• B. They were practical philosophers, and their most typical product was the political pamphlet.
• C. The writings of Benjamin Franklin show the Enlightenment spirit in America at its best and most optimistic.
• D. Together with the Bible and the newspaper, Almanacs were the most-widely read material in Colonial America.
• E. The Bible, the newspaper and Benjamin Franklin’s Almanacs were often the only reading matter in most Colonial households.

Gabarito: E

Comentários

• Opção em que "most" indica quantidade:

  The Bible, the newspaper and Benjamin Franklin’s Almanacs were often the only reading matter in most Colonial households.

  Tradução: A Bíblia, o jornal e os almanaques de Beijamin Franklin costumavam ser o único material de leitura na maioria das famílias coloniais.

  Gabarito: E

• A questão cobra conhecimento gramatical, especificamente sobre determinantes e quantificadores.
  
  
  Vamos analisar o enunciado:
  
  
  Mark the sentence in which “most" is being used as a quantifier. = Marque a frase em que “most" está sendo usado como quantificador.
  
  
  A palavra MOST em Inglês pode ser um quantificador, um advérbio ou um pronome.
  
  
        - Pode significar “o maior número ou quantidade de; mais do que qualquer coisa ou qualquer outra pessoa". Exemplos:
  
  What's the most you've ever won at poker? = Qual foi o máximo que você ganhou no pôquer?
  
  Which of you earns the most money? = Qual de vocês ganha mais dinheiro?
  
  
        - Pode ser usada para formar o superlativo. Exemplos:
  
  He wanted to have the most expensive car = Ele queia ter o carro mais caro.
  
  Joanne is the most intelligent person I know. = Joanne é a pessoa mais inteligente que eu conheço.
  
  
  - Pode significar “a maioria, quase todos". Exemplos
  
  I don't eat meat, but I like most types of fish. = Não como carne, mas gosto da maioria dos peixes.
  
  In this school, most of the children are from the Chinese community. = Nesta escola, a maioria das crianças vem da comunidade chinesa.
  
  
  
  Pode significar “muito". (linguagem bem formal)
  
  It was a most beautiful morning. = Estava uma manhã muito bonita.
  
  
  Analisando as alternativas teremos:
  
  
  
  A) ERRADO - The most memorable writing in eighteenth-century America was done by the founding fathers. = A escrita mais memorável na América do século XVIII foi feita pelos pais fundadores.
  Usado como superlativo.
  
  
  B) ERRADO - They were practical philosophers, and their most typical product was the political pamphlet.  = Eles eram filósofos práticos, e seu produto mais típico era o panfleto político.
  Usado como superlativo.
  
  
  C) ERRADO - The writings of Benjamin Franklin show the Enlightenment spirit in America at its best and most optimistic. = Os escritos de Benjamin Franklin mostram o espírito iluminista na América no seu melhor e mais otimista.
  Usado como advérbio.
  
  
  D) ERRADO - Together with the Bible and the newspaper, Almanacs were the most-widely read material in Colonial America. = Junto com a Bíblia e o jornal, os Almanaques eram o material mais lido na América colonial.
  Usado como superlativo.
  
  
  E) CORRETO - The Bible, the newspaper and Benjamin Franklin's Almanacs were often the only reading matter in most Colonial households. = A Bíblia, o jornal e os Almanaques de Benjamin Franklin eram frequentemente o único material de leitura na maioria das famílias coloniais.
  Correto, usado como quantificador.
  
  
  Gabarito do Professor: Letra E.
  
  

• Resposta: E

  "in most Colonial households." = "na maioria das casas coloniais."