SóProvas


ID
1828177
Banca
Quadrix
Órgão
SERPRO
Ano
2014
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Everyone keeps data. Big organizations spend millions to look after their payroll, customer and transaction data. The penalties for getting it wrong are severe: businesses may collapse, shareholders and customers lose money, and for many organizations (airlines, health boards, energy companies), it is not exaggerating to say that even personal safety may be put at risk. And then there are the lawsuits. The problems in successfully designing, installing, and maintaining such large databases are the subject of numerous books on data management and software engineering. However, many small databases are used within large organizations and also for small businesses, clubs, and private concerns. When these go wrong, it doesn't make the front page of the papers; but the costs, often hidden, can be just as serious.

 Where do we find these smaller electronic databases? Sports clubs will have membership information and match results; small businesses might maintain their own customer data. Within large organizations, there will also be a number of small projects to maintain data information that isn't easily or conveniently managed by the large system-wide databases. Researchers may keep their own experiment and survey results; groups will want to manage their own rosters or keep track of equipment; departments may keep their own detailed accounts and submit just a summary to the organization's financial software.

Most of these small databases are set up by end users. These are people whose main job is something other than that of a Computer professional. They will typically be scientists, administrators, technicians, accountants, or teachers, and many will have only modest skills when it comes to spreadsheet or database software. 

The resulting databases often do not live up to expectations. Time and energy is expended to set up a few tables in a database product such as Microsoft Access, or in setting up a spreadsheet in a product such as Excel. Even more time is spent collecting and keying in data. But invariably (often within a short time frame) there is a problem producing what seems to be a quite simple report or query. Often this is because the way the tables have been set up makes the required result very awkward, if not impossible, to achieve. 

A database that does not fulfill expectations becomes a costly exercise in more ways than one. We clearly have the cost of the time and effort expended on setting up an unsatisfactory application. However, a much more serious problem is the unability to make the best use of valuable data. This is especially so for research data. Scientific and social researchers may spend considerable money and many years designing experiments, hiring assistants and collecting and analyzing data, but often very little thought goes into storing it in an appropriately designed database. Unfortunately, some quite simple mistakes in design can mean that much of the potential information is lost. The immediate objective may be satisfied, but unforeseen uses of the data may be seriously compromised. Next year's grant opportunities are lost.

The word awkward, in the fourth paragraph:

Alternativas
Comentários
  • B) é um adjetivo, que significa que algo é difícil de lidar.

     

    been set up makes the required result very awkward, if not impossible, to achieve.

    Sido configurado torna o resultado necessário muito difícil, se não impossível, para alcançar.

  • GABARITO (B)

     

    Alguns exemplos do uso de "awkward" -> https://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/british/awkward

     

    YES, YOU CAN!

  • b-

    awkward - clumsy, crooked, discordant, something difficult to deal with

  • Comentários:

    Letra A – Errada. A palavra “awkward” não é um verbo.

    Letra B – Certa. A palavra “awkward” (difícil; complicado; inconveniente) é um adjetivo que expressa alguma coisa difícil de lidar/tratar.

    The resulting databases often do not live up to expectations. Time and energy is expended to set up a few tables in a database product such as Microsoft Access, or in setting up a spreadsheet in a product such as Excel. Even more time is spent collecting and keying in data. But invariably (often within a short time frame) there is a problem producing what seems to be a quite simple report or query. Often this is because the way the tables have been set up makes the required result very awkward, if not impossible, to achieve.

    Os bancos de dados resultantes muitas vezes não correspondem às expectativas. Tempo e energia são gastos para configurar algumas tabelas em um produto de banco de dados, como o Microsoft Access, ou na configuração de uma planilha em um produto como o Excel. Ainda mais tempo é gasto coletando e digitando dados. Mas, invariavelmente (muitas vezes dentro de um curto período de tempo), há um problema para produzir o que parece ser um simples relatório ou consulta. Muitas vezes isso ocorre porque a forma como as tabelas foram criadas torna o resultado exigido muito difícil, se não impossível, de alcançar.

    Letra C – Errada. O termo “awkward” não é um substantivo, mas sim um adjetivo que, no caso do texto, está definindo o resultado exigido (required result).

    Letra D – Errada. O adjetivo “awkward” significa algo difícil de lidar e não algo sem importância.

    Letra E – Errada. A palavra “awkward” não é um verbo, tampouco significa que algo é útil.

    Gabarito: B