Host Controller
When the domain.sh or domain.bat script is run on a host, a process known as a Host Controller is launched. The Host Controller is solely concerned with server management; it does not itself handle application server workloads. The Host Controller is responsible for starting and stopping the individual application server processes that run on its host, and interacts with the Domain Controller to help manage them.
Each Host Controller by default reads its configuration from the domain/configuration/host.xml file located in the unzipped JBoss Application Server 7 installation on its host's filesystem. The host.xml file contains configuration information that is specific to the particular host.
https://docs.jboss.org/author/display/AS7/Operating+modes
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