SóProvas

ID
2640196
Banca
COMVEST - UNICAMP
Órgão
UNICAMP
Ano
2017
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

The modern F=ma form of Newton's second law occurs nowhere in any edition of the Principia even though he had seen his second law formulated in this way in print during the interval between the second and third editions in Jacob Hermann's Phoronomia of 1716. Instead, it has the following formulation in all three editions: A change in (1) ________ is proportional to the motive (2) ________ impressed and takes place along the (3) _________ line in which that force is (4)________. In the body of the Principia this law is applied both to (5) _______ cases, in which an instantaneous impulse such as from impact is effecting the change in motion, and to cases of (6) _______ action, such as the change in motion in the continuous deceleration of a body moving in a resisting medium. Newton thus appears to have intended his second law to be neutral between discrete forces (that is, what we now call impulses) and Hermann's Phoronomia of 1716. Instead, it has the following formulation in all three editions: A change in (1) ________ is proportional to the motive (2) ________ impressed and takes place along the (3) _________ line in which that force is (4)________. In the body of the Principia this law is applied both to (5) _______ cases, in which an instantaneous impulse such as from impact is effecting the change in motion, and to cases of (6) _______ action, such as the change in motion in the continuous deceleration of a body moving in a resisting medium. Newton thus appears to have intended his second law to be neutral between discrete forces (that is, what we now call impulses) and continuous forces.

(Adaptado de George Smith, "Newton's Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica", em Edward N. Zalta (ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2008 Edition). Disponível em https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2008/entries/newton-principia/. Acessado em 24/10/2017.)

Assinale a alternativa que apresenta a sequência adequada de palavras que preenchem as lacunas do texto acima, para que os conceitos utilizados estejam corretos. 

Alternativas
Comentários
  • The modern F=ma form of Newton's second law occurs nowhere in any edition of the Principia even though he had seen his second law formulated in this way in print during the interval between the second and third editions in Jacob Hermann's Phoronomia of 1716. Instead, it has the following formulation in all three editions: A change in (1) motion is proportional to the motive (2) force impressed and takes place along the (3) straight  line in which that force is (4)impressed. In the body of the Principia this law is applied both to (5) discrete cases, in which an instantaneous impulse such as from impact is effecting the change in motion, and to cases of (6) continuous action, such as the change in motion in the continuous deceleration of a body moving in a resisting medium. 
    A moderna fórmula F = ma da segunda lei de Newton não ocorre em nenhuma edição do Principia, embora ele tenha visto sua segunda lei formulada desse modo aplicada durante o intervalo entre a segunda e a terceira edição, em Phoronomia, de Jacob Hermann, de 1716. Ao invés disso, tem a seguinte formulação em todas as três edições: Uma mudança no (1) movimento é proporcional à (2) força motriz aplicada e ocorre ao longo da (3) linha reta em que essa força é (4) aplicada. No corpo dos Principia, esta lei é aplicada tanto em (5) casos discretos, nos quais um impulso instantâneo, como de impacto, está efetuando a mudança de movimento, como em casos de (6) ação contínua, como a mudança de movimento na desaceleração contínua de um corpo movendo-se em um meio resistente.
    A) Movimento, força, reta, aplicada, discreto, contínua.
    B) Força, movimento, aplicada, direta, discreto, contínua.
    C) Movimento, força, aplicada, direta, contínua, discreto.
    D) Força, movimento, reta, aplicada, contínua, discreto.
    Gabarito do Professor: A