SóProvas



Questões de Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension


ID
1780
Banca
NCE-UFRJ
Órgão
BNDES
Ano
2005
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

READ TEXT I AND ANSWER QUESTIONS 21 TO 25:

TEXT I

The integral approach strategies adopted by
Favela-Bairro consist of proposals of integrated and
participative actions. The path that goes from welfare
to work should combine programs and services for
human and social development with labor and incomegeneration
opportunities. To be viable, however, social
promotion interventions should be focused on
geographical areas with a high concentration of poverty,
specifically on the poorest families.
An intersectoral decentralized and participative
approach can produce synergetic effects capable of
providing greater impact for poverty and inequality
reduction policies, and capable of contributing to their
sustainability.
Although Favela-Bairro has been based on the idea
of integrated urban infrastructure interventions, initially
the program did not incorporate all the basic components
of an integral approach strategy. These components
were gradually incorporated into its design as a result
of the participatory process and the transformations
that occurred in the municipal administration.
Favela-Bairro is the result of an evolving process
that resulted in the creation of a typical integral
development model with a territorial base that
incorporates life-cycle perspectives.
Rio de Janeiro inhabitants, either living in favelas
or not, recognize the importance of the Favela-Bairro
program. A public opinion poll carried out in 2003 asked
cariocas (as Rio residents are called) to choose from
a list of governmental programs the one to which the
next mayor should give priority. Favela-Bairro was
chosen in first place in all three rounds of the survey.
The same institute asked respondents about the most
important project for the city, and again Favela-Bairro
ranked first: 26.1 percent of respondents have elected
Favela-Bairro as more important than programs such
as minimum income, popular restaurants, and even
essential works in major city roads.

(www.worldbank.org on September 10, 2005)

Those who came to the poll were:

Alternativas
Comentários
  • Letra C.

    A public opinion poll carried out in 2003 asked cariocas (as Rio residents are called) to choose from...

    A pesquisa alcançou os CARIOCAS, ou seja, habitantes do Rio de Janeiro.


ID
5050
Banca
CESGRANRIO
Órgão
EPE
Ano
2007
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Reducing the dependence on oil
Ildo Sauer, Gas and Energy Director, Petrobras.

Brazil's energy sector is following the worldwide
tendency towards greater diversification of primary energy
sources and the increased use of natural gas and
biofuels. There are several reasons for this change. The
most important are the environmental restrictions that
are gradually being adopted in the world's principal
energy-consuming markets and the need to reduce the
dependence on oil, set against a scenario of accelerated
depletion in oil reserves and escalating prices.
The share of gas in Brazilian primary energy
consumption has more than doubled in a short period,
increasing from 4.1% in 1999 to 8.9% in 2004, and this
share is forecast to rise to 12% by 2010.
Over the past two decades, the world gas industry
has experienced a structural and regulatory
transformation. These changes have altered the strategic
behaviour of gas firms, with an intensification of
competition, the search for diversification (especially in
the case of power generation) and the internationalisation
of industry activities. Together, these changes have
radically changed the economic environment and the level
of competition in the industry.
Brazil's gas industry is characterised by its late
development, although in recent years, internal supply
imports and demand have grown significantly - the
growth trajectory of recent years exceeds that of countries
with more mature markets, such as Spain, Argentina,
the UK and the US. And the outlook is positive for
continued growth over the next few years, particularly
when set against the investment plans already
announced in Brazil.
The country has a small transportation network
concentrated near the coast. The distribution network is
concentrated in the major consumption centres.
Domestic gas sources are largely offshore in the Campos
basin and Bolivia provides imports. Given the degree
of gas penetration in the country's primary energy
consumption, the industry is poorly developed when
compared with other countries. The industry requires
heavy investment in expanding the transport and
distribution (T&D) networks, as well as in diversifying and
increasing its supplies. Such investments are necessary
for realising the industry's enormous potential.
Another key industry highlight is the changing profile
of gas supply. A large part of the gas produced
domestically to date has been associated with oil
production. The latter diluting or even totally absorbing
the costs of exploiting the gas. In most cases, gas
production was feasible only in conjunction with oil
production activities. However, the country's latest gas
finds are non-associated. Thus, an exclusively dedicated
structure must be developed to produce this gas -
translating into a significant rise in production costs. This
is more significant when analysed against the high costs
associated with the market for exploration and production
(E&P) sector equipment. In recent years, the leasing costs
of drilling rigs and E&P equipment have been climbing in
parallel with escalating oil prices. This directly affects endconsumer
prices.
In a world of primary energy consumption
diversification, of greater environmental restrictions and
the reduced dependence on oil, Brazil has been seeking
to develop alternative energy sources - principally natural
gas and biofuels. The gas industry holds enormous
potential for Brazil, although there is still a long way to go
before it reaches maturity and major investment is
required.

World Energy in 2006. copyright © 2006, World Energy Council.
p.29-31 (adapted)

The main purpose of the text is to:

Alternativas
Comentários
  • c

    Among the "issues" listed in the text, one could cite the rising costs for an overhaul of the current infrastructure so it can service a wider-reaching distributing network, ever growing competition, evironment-driven constraints, the search for alternate biofuels, worldwide policies that kerb runway oil exploration and depletion of natural reserves. 

    O texto explica a situação do cenário do Brasil, o que elimina opções b,d & e.O custo do petroleo no Brasil é justificado por reservas se esgotando e restrições ambientais, exigindo fontes alternativas de energia.Ainda assim, não é o foco do texto. Logo, opção correta é c, que resume o tópico geral do texto. 


ID
5053
Banca
CESGRANRIO
Órgão
EPE
Ano
2007
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Reducing the dependence on oil
Ildo Sauer, Gas and Energy Director, Petrobras.

Brazil's energy sector is following the worldwide
tendency towards greater diversification of primary energy
sources and the increased use of natural gas and
biofuels. There are several reasons for this change. The
most important are the environmental restrictions that
are gradually being adopted in the world's principal
energy-consuming markets and the need to reduce the
dependence on oil, set against a scenario of accelerated
depletion in oil reserves and escalating prices.
The share of gas in Brazilian primary energy
consumption has more than doubled in a short period,
increasing from 4.1% in 1999 to 8.9% in 2004, and this
share is forecast to rise to 12% by 2010.
Over the past two decades, the world gas industry
has experienced a structural and regulatory
transformation. These changes have altered the strategic
behaviour of gas firms, with an intensification of
competition, the search for diversification (especially in
the case of power generation) and the internationalisation
of industry activities. Together, these changes have
radically changed the economic environment and the level
of competition in the industry.
Brazil's gas industry is characterised by its late
development, although in recent years, internal supply
imports and demand have grown significantly - the
growth trajectory of recent years exceeds that of countries
with more mature markets, such as Spain, Argentina,
the UK and the US. And the outlook is positive for
continued growth over the next few years, particularly
when set against the investment plans already
announced in Brazil.
The country has a small transportation network
concentrated near the coast. The distribution network is
concentrated in the major consumption centres.
Domestic gas sources are largely offshore in the Campos
basin and Bolivia provides imports. Given the degree
of gas penetration in the country's primary energy
consumption, the industry is poorly developed when
compared with other countries. The industry requires
heavy investment in expanding the transport and
distribution (T&D) networks, as well as in diversifying and
increasing its supplies. Such investments are necessary
for realising the industry's enormous potential.
Another key industry highlight is the changing profile
of gas supply. A large part of the gas produced
domestically to date has been associated with oil
production. The latter diluting or even totally absorbing
the costs of exploiting the gas. In most cases, gas
production was feasible only in conjunction with oil
production activities. However, the country's latest gas
finds are non-associated. Thus, an exclusively dedicated
structure must be developed to produce this gas -
translating into a significant rise in production costs. This
is more significant when analysed against the high costs
associated with the market for exploration and production
(E&P) sector equipment. In recent years, the leasing costs
of drilling rigs and E&P equipment have been climbing in
parallel with escalating oil prices. This directly affects endconsumer
prices.
In a world of primary energy consumption
diversification, of greater environmental restrictions and
the reduced dependence on oil, Brazil has been seeking
to develop alternative energy sources - principally natural
gas and biofuels. The gas industry holds enormous
potential for Brazil, although there is still a long way to go
before it reaches maturity and major investment is
required.

World Energy in 2006. copyright © 2006, World Energy Council.
p.29-31 (adapted)

According to the author, the world gas industry, since the late 80s, has:

Alternativas
Comentários
  • d-

    According to information gleaned from the text, the past two decades (from a 2006 outlook) underwent some meaningful shifts regarding the supporting infrastructure and the regulations coded into the modus operandi of said firms, resulting in fiercer competition and more variety in the approaches required to benefit from oil exploration.

    Resposta na 15° linha, a qual contém a passagem que justifica a resposta:

    Over the past two decades, the world gas industry
    has experienced a structural and regulatory
    transformation. These changes have altered the strategic
    behaviour of gas firms, with an intensification of
    competition, the search for diversification (especially in
    the case of power generation) and the internationalisation
    of industry activities. Together, these changes have
    radically changed the economic environment and the level
    of competition in the industry.


ID
5056
Banca
CESGRANRIO
Órgão
EPE
Ano
2007
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Reducing the dependence on oil
Ildo Sauer, Gas and Energy Director, Petrobras.

Brazil's energy sector is following the worldwide
tendency towards greater diversification of primary energy
sources and the increased use of natural gas and
biofuels. There are several reasons for this change. The
most important are the environmental restrictions that
are gradually being adopted in the world's principal
energy-consuming markets and the need to reduce the
dependence on oil, set against a scenario of accelerated
depletion in oil reserves and escalating prices.
The share of gas in Brazilian primary energy
consumption has more than doubled in a short period,
increasing from 4.1% in 1999 to 8.9% in 2004, and this
share is forecast to rise to 12% by 2010.
Over the past two decades, the world gas industry
has experienced a structural and regulatory
transformation. These changes have altered the strategic
behaviour of gas firms, with an intensification of
competition, the search for diversification (especially in
the case of power generation) and the internationalisation
of industry activities. Together, these changes have
radically changed the economic environment and the level
of competition in the industry.
Brazil's gas industry is characterised by its late
development, although in recent years, internal supply
imports and demand have grown significantly - the
growth trajectory of recent years exceeds that of countries
with more mature markets, such as Spain, Argentina,
the UK and the US. And the outlook is positive for
continued growth over the next few years, particularly
when set against the investment plans already
announced in Brazil.
The country has a small transportation network
concentrated near the coast. The distribution network is
concentrated in the major consumption centres.
Domestic gas sources are largely offshore in the Campos
basin and Bolivia provides imports. Given the degree
of gas penetration in the country's primary energy
consumption, the industry is poorly developed when
compared with other countries. The industry requires
heavy investment in expanding the transport and
distribution (T&D) networks, as well as in diversifying and
increasing its supplies. Such investments are necessary
for realising the industry's enormous potential.
Another key industry highlight is the changing profile
of gas supply. A large part of the gas produced
domestically to date has been associated with oil
production. The latter diluting or even totally absorbing
the costs of exploiting the gas. In most cases, gas
production was feasible only in conjunction with oil
production activities. However, the country's latest gas
finds are non-associated. Thus, an exclusively dedicated
structure must be developed to produce this gas -
translating into a significant rise in production costs. This
is more significant when analysed against the high costs
associated with the market for exploration and production
(E&P) sector equipment. In recent years, the leasing costs
of drilling rigs and E&P equipment have been climbing in
parallel with escalating oil prices. This directly affects endconsumer
prices.
In a world of primary energy consumption
diversification, of greater environmental restrictions and
the reduced dependence on oil, Brazil has been seeking
to develop alternative energy sources - principally natural
gas and biofuels. The gas industry holds enormous
potential for Brazil, although there is still a long way to go
before it reaches maturity and major investment is
required.

World Energy in 2006. copyright © 2006, World Energy Council.
p.29-31 (adapted)

In Brazil, the gas industry can currently be considered:

Alternativas
Comentários
  • Correto. Brazil's gas industry is characterised by its late
    development, although in recent years, internal supply
    imports and demand have grown significantly - the
    growth trajectory of recent years exceeds that of countries
    with more mature markets, such as Spain, Argentina,
    the UK and the US. And the outlook is positive for
    continued growth over the next few years, particularly
    when set against the investment plans already
    announced in Brazil.

  • b

    Despite a rickety infrastructure unable to tap into the full potential of the local oil market, the country's prospects for oil exploration seem promising enough to warrant optimism in the near future

    Resposta na passagem seguinte a qual informa que o petróleo no Brasil pode ter um grande futuro:

    Brazil's gas industry is characterised by its late
    development, although in recent years, internal supply
    imports and demand have grown significantly - the
    growth trajectory of recent years exceeds that of countries
    with more mature markets, such as Spain, Argentina,
    the UK and the US. And the outlook is positive for
    continued growth over the next few years, particularly
    when set against the investment plans already
    announced in Brazil.


ID
5059
Banca
CESGRANRIO
Órgão
EPE
Ano
2007
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Reducing the dependence on oil
Ildo Sauer, Gas and Energy Director, Petrobras.

Brazil's energy sector is following the worldwide
tendency towards greater diversification of primary energy
sources and the increased use of natural gas and
biofuels. There are several reasons for this change. The
most important are the environmental restrictions that
are gradually being adopted in the world's principal
energy-consuming markets and the need to reduce the
dependence on oil, set against a scenario of accelerated
depletion in oil reserves and escalating prices.
The share of gas in Brazilian primary energy
consumption has more than doubled in a short period,
increasing from 4.1% in 1999 to 8.9% in 2004, and this
share is forecast to rise to 12% by 2010.
Over the past two decades, the world gas industry
has experienced a structural and regulatory
transformation. These changes have altered the strategic
behaviour of gas firms, with an intensification of
competition, the search for diversification (especially in
the case of power generation) and the internationalisation
of industry activities. Together, these changes have
radically changed the economic environment and the level
of competition in the industry.
Brazil's gas industry is characterised by its late
development, although in recent years, internal supply
imports and demand have grown significantly - the
growth trajectory of recent years exceeds that of countries
with more mature markets, such as Spain, Argentina,
the UK and the US. And the outlook is positive for
continued growth over the next few years, particularly
when set against the investment plans already
announced in Brazil.
The country has a small transportation network
concentrated near the coast. The distribution network is
concentrated in the major consumption centres.
Domestic gas sources are largely offshore in the Campos
basin and Bolivia provides imports. Given the degree
of gas penetration in the country's primary energy
consumption, the industry is poorly developed when
compared with other countries. The industry requires
heavy investment in expanding the transport and
distribution (T&D) networks, as well as in diversifying and
increasing its supplies. Such investments are necessary
for realising the industry's enormous potential.
Another key industry highlight is the changing profile
of gas supply. A large part of the gas produced
domestically to date has been associated with oil
production. The latter diluting or even totally absorbing
the costs of exploiting the gas. In most cases, gas
production was feasible only in conjunction with oil
production activities. However, the country's latest gas
finds are non-associated. Thus, an exclusively dedicated
structure must be developed to produce this gas -
translating into a significant rise in production costs. This
is more significant when analysed against the high costs
associated with the market for exploration and production
(E&P) sector equipment. In recent years, the leasing costs
of drilling rigs and E&P equipment have been climbing in
parallel with escalating oil prices. This directly affects endconsumer
prices.
In a world of primary energy consumption
diversification, of greater environmental restrictions and
the reduced dependence on oil, Brazil has been seeking
to develop alternative energy sources - principally natural
gas and biofuels. The gas industry holds enormous
potential for Brazil, although there is still a long way to go
before it reaches maturity and major investment is
required.

World Energy in 2006. copyright © 2006, World Energy Council.
p.29-31 (adapted)

Mark the only correct statement.

Alternativas
Comentários
  • A formatação do texto está totalmente deformada em relação à redação das questões, além de também nao haver linhas enumeradas. e.g.: l4 na 1° alternativa é na realidade l5. Revendo as passagens originais:

     a)"this change" (line 4) refers to "reasons" (line 4).errado- There are several reasons for this change. This é anáfora de tudo que foi explicado anteriormente, não havendo relação com reasons.

     b)"that of" (line 26) refers to "years" (line 26).errado- the growth trajectory of recent years exceeds that of countries
    with more mature markets, such as Spain, Argentina, the UK and the US. That of -> growth trajectory

     c)"its" (line 42) refers to "industry" (line 39). correto The industry requires heavy investment in expanding the transport and
    distribution (T&D) networks, as well as in diversifying and increasing its supplies.

     d) "The latter" (line 47) refers to "gas produced domestically" (lines 45-46).errado - A large part of the gas produced domestically to date has been associated with oil production. The latter diluting or even totally absorbing the costs of exploiting the gas.

     e)"This" (line 53) refers to "(E&P) sector equipment" (line 56).errado  This is more significant when analysed against the high costs associated with the market for exploration and production (E&P) sector equipment. This é um pronome demonstrativo que esta remetendo ao tópico abordado antes, enquanto que sector equipment é um novo tópico conceitual na passage. 


ID
5062
Banca
CESGRANRIO
Órgão
EPE
Ano
2007
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Reducing the dependence on oil
Ildo Sauer, Gas and Energy Director, Petrobras.

Brazil's energy sector is following the worldwide
tendency towards greater diversification of primary energy
sources and the increased use of natural gas and
biofuels. There are several reasons for this change. The
most important are the environmental restrictions that
are gradually being adopted in the world's principal
energy-consuming markets and the need to reduce the
dependence on oil, set against a scenario of accelerated
depletion in oil reserves and escalating prices.
The share of gas in Brazilian primary energy
consumption has more than doubled in a short period,
increasing from 4.1% in 1999 to 8.9% in 2004, and this
share is forecast to rise to 12% by 2010.
Over the past two decades, the world gas industry
has experienced a structural and regulatory
transformation. These changes have altered the strategic
behaviour of gas firms, with an intensification of
competition, the search for diversification (especially in
the case of power generation) and the internationalisation
of industry activities. Together, these changes have
radically changed the economic environment and the level
of competition in the industry.
Brazil's gas industry is characterised by its late
development, although in recent years, internal supply
imports and demand have grown significantly - the
growth trajectory of recent years exceeds that of countries
with more mature markets, such as Spain, Argentina,
the UK and the US. And the outlook is positive for
continued growth over the next few years, particularly
when set against the investment plans already
announced in Brazil.
The country has a small transportation network
concentrated near the coast. The distribution network is
concentrated in the major consumption centres.
Domestic gas sources are largely offshore in the Campos
basin and Bolivia provides imports. Given the degree
of gas penetration in the country's primary energy
consumption, the industry is poorly developed when
compared with other countries. The industry requires
heavy investment in expanding the transport and
distribution (T&D) networks, as well as in diversifying and
increasing its supplies. Such investments are necessary
for realising the industry's enormous potential.
Another key industry highlight is the changing profile
of gas supply. A large part of the gas produced
domestically to date has been associated with oil
production. The latter diluting or even totally absorbing
the costs of exploiting the gas. In most cases, gas
production was feasible only in conjunction with oil
production activities. However, the country's latest gas
finds are non-associated. Thus, an exclusively dedicated
structure must be developed to produce this gas -
translating into a significant rise in production costs. This
is more significant when analysed against the high costs
associated with the market for exploration and production
(E&P) sector equipment. In recent years, the leasing costs
of drilling rigs and E&P equipment have been climbing in
parallel with escalating oil prices. This directly affects endconsumer
prices.
In a world of primary energy consumption
diversification, of greater environmental restrictions and
the reduced dependence on oil, Brazil has been seeking
to develop alternative energy sources - principally natural
gas and biofuels. The gas industry holds enormous
potential for Brazil, although there is still a long way to go
before it reaches maturity and major investment is
required.

World Energy in 2006. copyright © 2006, World Energy Council.
p.29-31 (adapted)

According to the text, which of the following is NOT going to be a problem for the future of the gas industry in Brazil?

Alternativas
Comentários
  • e

    The text tackles some potential hurdles for the ever-expanding market contained within the oil industry, but no mention of the government meddling in to muck up the whole business. 

    Extrapolação. Nada acerca de autoridades aparece no texto, fazendo com que sua participação no futuro não possa sequer ser inferida.


ID
5065
Banca
CESGRANRIO
Órgão
EPE
Ano
2007
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Reducing the dependence on oil
Ildo Sauer, Gas and Energy Director, Petrobras.

Brazil's energy sector is following the worldwide
tendency towards greater diversification of primary energy
sources and the increased use of natural gas and
biofuels. There are several reasons for this change. The
most important are the environmental restrictions that
are gradually being adopted in the world's principal
energy-consuming markets and the need to reduce the
dependence on oil, set against a scenario of accelerated
depletion in oil reserves and escalating prices.
The share of gas in Brazilian primary energy
consumption has more than doubled in a short period,
increasing from 4.1% in 1999 to 8.9% in 2004, and this
share is forecast to rise to 12% by 2010.
Over the past two decades, the world gas industry
has experienced a structural and regulatory
transformation. These changes have altered the strategic
behaviour of gas firms, with an intensification of
competition, the search for diversification (especially in
the case of power generation) and the internationalisation
of industry activities. Together, these changes have
radically changed the economic environment and the level
of competition in the industry.
Brazil's gas industry is characterised by its late
development, although in recent years, internal supply
imports and demand have grown significantly - the
growth trajectory of recent years exceeds that of countries
with more mature markets, such as Spain, Argentina,
the UK and the US. And the outlook is positive for
continued growth over the next few years, particularly
when set against the investment plans already
announced in Brazil.
The country has a small transportation network
concentrated near the coast. The distribution network is
concentrated in the major consumption centres.
Domestic gas sources are largely offshore in the Campos
basin and Bolivia provides imports. Given the degree
of gas penetration in the country's primary energy
consumption, the industry is poorly developed when
compared with other countries. The industry requires
heavy investment in expanding the transport and
distribution (T&D) networks, as well as in diversifying and
increasing its supplies. Such investments are necessary
for realising the industry's enormous potential.
Another key industry highlight is the changing profile
of gas supply. A large part of the gas produced
domestically to date has been associated with oil
production. The latter diluting or even totally absorbing
the costs of exploiting the gas. In most cases, gas
production was feasible only in conjunction with oil
production activities. However, the country's latest gas
finds are non-associated. Thus, an exclusively dedicated
structure must be developed to produce this gas -
translating into a significant rise in production costs. This
is more significant when analysed against the high costs
associated with the market for exploration and production
(E&P) sector equipment. In recent years, the leasing costs
of drilling rigs and E&P equipment have been climbing in
parallel with escalating oil prices. This directly affects endconsumer
prices.
In a world of primary energy consumption
diversification, of greater environmental restrictions and
the reduced dependence on oil, Brazil has been seeking
to develop alternative energy sources - principally natural
gas and biofuels. The gas industry holds enormous
potential for Brazil, although there is still a long way to go
before it reaches maturity and major investment is
required.

World Energy in 2006. copyright © 2006, World Energy Council.
p.29-31 (adapted)

Choose the only alternative that corresponds in meaning to the following sentence in Paragraph 5 "Given the degree of gas penetration in the country's primary energy consumption, the industry is poorly developed when compared with other countries." (lines 36 - 39).

Alternativas
Comentários
  • a-

    What the passage hints at is that despite having an internal far-reaching share, the oil industry in Brazil is underequipped to handle domestic supply and demand. 

    A única opção que faz sentido é 'a' porque afirma que a infrastrutura doméstica para uso do petróleo deveria ser mais avançada do que países com consumo relativamente menor.


ID
5071
Banca
CESGRANRIO
Órgão
EPE
Ano
2007
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Reducing the dependence on oil
Ildo Sauer, Gas and Energy Director, Petrobras.

Brazil's energy sector is following the worldwide
tendency towards greater diversification of primary energy
sources and the increased use of natural gas and
biofuels. There are several reasons for this change. The
most important are the environmental restrictions that
are gradually being adopted in the world's principal
energy-consuming markets and the need to reduce the
dependence on oil, set against a scenario of accelerated
depletion in oil reserves and escalating prices.
The share of gas in Brazilian primary energy
consumption has more than doubled in a short period,
increasing from 4.1% in 1999 to 8.9% in 2004, and this
share is forecast to rise to 12% by 2010.
Over the past two decades, the world gas industry
has experienced a structural and regulatory
transformation. These changes have altered the strategic
behaviour of gas firms, with an intensification of
competition, the search for diversification (especially in
the case of power generation) and the internationalisation
of industry activities. Together, these changes have
radically changed the economic environment and the level
of competition in the industry.
Brazil's gas industry is characterised by its late
development, although in recent years, internal supply
imports and demand have grown significantly - the
growth trajectory of recent years exceeds that of countries
with more mature markets, such as Spain, Argentina,
the UK and the US. And the outlook is positive for
continued growth over the next few years, particularly
when set against the investment plans already
announced in Brazil.
The country has a small transportation network
concentrated near the coast. The distribution network is
concentrated in the major consumption centres.
Domestic gas sources are largely offshore in the Campos
basin and Bolivia provides imports. Given the degree
of gas penetration in the country's primary energy
consumption, the industry is poorly developed when
compared with other countries. The industry requires
heavy investment in expanding the transport and
distribution (T&D) networks, as well as in diversifying and
increasing its supplies. Such investments are necessary
for realising the industry's enormous potential.
Another key industry highlight is the changing profile
of gas supply. A large part of the gas produced
domestically to date has been associated with oil
production. The latter diluting or even totally absorbing
the costs of exploiting the gas. In most cases, gas
production was feasible only in conjunction with oil
production activities. However, the country's latest gas
finds are non-associated. Thus, an exclusively dedicated
structure must be developed to produce this gas -
translating into a significant rise in production costs. This
is more significant when analysed against the high costs
associated with the market for exploration and production
(E&P) sector equipment. In recent years, the leasing costs
of drilling rigs and E&P equipment have been climbing in
parallel with escalating oil prices. This directly affects endconsumer
prices.
In a world of primary energy consumption
diversification, of greater environmental restrictions and
the reduced dependence on oil, Brazil has been seeking
to develop alternative energy sources - principally natural
gas and biofuels. The gas industry holds enormous
potential for Brazil, although there is still a long way to go
before it reaches maturity and major investment is
required.

World Energy in 2006. copyright © 2006, World Energy Council.
p.29-31 (adapted)

According to Paragraph 6 (lines 44 - 59), it is correct to state that:

Alternativas
Comentários
  • Ficaria MUUUUUUUUITO mais fácil resolver as questões se o texto estivesse numerado , ou , pelo menos , os parágrafos estivessem bem definidos.
  • 6th paragraph:

    Another key industry highlight is the changing profile of gas supply. A large part of the gas produced domestically to date has been associated with oil
    production. The latter diluting or even totally absorbing the costs of exploiting the gas. In most cases, gas production was feasible only in conjunction with oil production activities. However, the country's latest gas finds are non-associated. Thus, an exclusively dedicated structure must be developed to produce this gas - translating into a significant rise in production costs. This is more significant when analysed against the high costs associated with the market for exploration and production (E&P) sector equipment. In recent years, the leasing costs of significant rise in production costs have been climbing in parallel with escalating oil prices. This directly affects end consumer prices.

    A única opção que faz sentido é 'e':

    e)heavy investment (significant rise in production costs) in a gas-dedicated structure (significant rise in production costs) will be the major drawback for the exploration and production of the recently found gas supplies (the country's latest gas finds are non-associated)


ID
5077
Banca
CESGRANRIO
Órgão
EPE
Ano
2007
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Reducing the dependence on oil
Ildo Sauer, Gas and Energy Director, Petrobras.

Brazil's energy sector is following the worldwide
tendency towards greater diversification of primary energy
sources and the increased use of natural gas and
biofuels. There are several reasons for this change. The
most important are the environmental restrictions that
are gradually being adopted in the world's principal
energy-consuming markets and the need to reduce the
dependence on oil, set against a scenario of accelerated
depletion in oil reserves and escalating prices.
The share of gas in Brazilian primary energy
consumption has more than doubled in a short period,
increasing from 4.1% in 1999 to 8.9% in 2004, and this
share is forecast to rise to 12% by 2010.
Over the past two decades, the world gas industry
has experienced a structural and regulatory
transformation. These changes have altered the strategic
behaviour of gas firms, with an intensification of
competition, the search for diversification (especially in
the case of power generation) and the internationalisation
of industry activities. Together, these changes have
radically changed the economic environment and the level
of competition in the industry.
Brazil's gas industry is characterised by its late
development, although in recent years, internal supply
imports and demand have grown significantly - the
growth trajectory of recent years exceeds that of countries
with more mature markets, such as Spain, Argentina,
the UK and the US. And the outlook is positive for
continued growth over the next few years, particularly
when set against the investment plans already
announced in Brazil.
The country has a small transportation network
concentrated near the coast. The distribution network is
concentrated in the major consumption centres.
Domestic gas sources are largely offshore in the Campos
basin and Bolivia provides imports. Given the degree
of gas penetration in the country's primary energy
consumption, the industry is poorly developed when
compared with other countries. The industry requires
heavy investment in expanding the transport and
distribution (T&D) networks, as well as in diversifying and
increasing its supplies. Such investments are necessary
for realising the industry's enormous potential.
Another key industry highlight is the changing profile
of gas supply. A large part of the gas produced
domestically to date has been associated with oil
production. The latter diluting or even totally absorbing
the costs of exploiting the gas. In most cases, gas
production was feasible only in conjunction with oil
production activities. However, the country's latest gas
finds are non-associated. Thus, an exclusively dedicated
structure must be developed to produce this gas -
translating into a significant rise in production costs. This
is more significant when analysed against the high costs
associated with the market for exploration and production
(E&P) sector equipment. In recent years, the leasing costs
of drilling rigs and E&P equipment have been climbing in
parallel with escalating oil prices. This directly affects endconsumer
prices.
In a world of primary energy consumption
diversification, of greater environmental restrictions and
the reduced dependence on oil, Brazil has been seeking
to develop alternative energy sources - principally natural
gas and biofuels. The gas industry holds enormous
potential for Brazil, although there is still a long way to go
before it reaches maturity and major investment is
required.

World Energy in 2006. copyright © 2006, World Energy Council.
p.29-31 (adapted)

"Natural gas is fast becoming the economic and environmental fuel of choice. The last 30 years have seen the global industry almost triple in size and similar growth can be expected in the next 30, as national governments and global industry look to gas to ensure the stability and diversity of their energy supplies."

This comment by Linda Cook, Executive Director of a British Gas and Power Company, reproduces a similar idea to that in the following segment from Ildo Sauer's text:

Alternativas
Comentários
  • -a

    The passage's main intent is to set forth the common agreed-upon agenda that alternate energy sources should be given priority over the more bromidic fossil fuels for reasons relating environmentalism and increasing depletion of common oil supplies. 

    Os 2 parágrafos informam que a tendência mundial para atender os problemas de energia é usar outras formas que vão além da exploração do petróleo.


ID
5188
Banca
CESGRANRIO
Órgão
REFAP SA
Ano
2007
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

REPORT: BIOFUELS POISED TO DISPLACE OIL

Biofuels such as ethanol and biodiesel can
significantly reduce global dependence on oil, according
to a new report by the Worldwatch Institute.
Last year, world biofuel production surpassed 670,000
barrels per day, the equivalent of about 1 percent of the
global transport fuel market. Although oil still accounts for
more than 96 percent of transport fuel use, biofuel
production has doubled since 2001 and is poised for even
stronger growth as the industry responds to higher fuel
prices and supportive government policies. "Coordinated
action to expand biofuel markets and advance new
technologies could relieve pressure on oil prices while
strengthening agricultural economies and reducing climatealtering
emissions," says Worldwatch Institute President
Christopher Flavin.
Brazil is the world's biofuel leader, with half of its
sugar cane crop providing more than 40 percent of its nondiesel
transport fuel. In the United States, where 15 percent
of the corn crop provides about 2 percent of the non-diesel
transport fuel, ethanol production is growing even more
rapidly. This surging growth may allow the U.S. to overtake
Brazil as the world's biofuel leader this year. Both countries
are now estimated to be producing ethanol at less than
the current cost of gasoline.
Figures cited in the report reveal that biofuels could
provide 37 percent of U.S. transport fuel within the next 25
years, and up to 75 percent if automobile fuel economy
doubles. Biofuels could replace 20-30 percent of the oil
used in European Union countries during the same time
frame.
As the first-ever global assessment of the potential
social and environmental impacts of biofuels, Biofuels for
Transportation warns that the large-scale use of biofuels
carries significant agricultural and ecological risks. "It is
essential that government incentives be used to minimize
competition between food and fuel crops and to discourage
expansion onto ecologically valuable lands," says
Worldwatch Biofuels Project Manager Suzanne Hunt.
However, the report also finds that biofuels have the potential
to increase energy security, create new economic
opportunities in rural areas, and reduce local pollution and
emissions of greenhouse gases.
The long-term potential of biofuels is in the use of
non-food feedstock that include agricultural, municipal, and
forestry wastes as well as fast-growing, cellulose-rich
energy crops such as switchgrass. It is expected that the
combination of cellulosic biomass resources and "nextgeneration"
biofuel conversion technologies will compete
with conventional gasoline and diesel fuel without subsidies
in the medium term.
The report recommends policies to accelerate the
development of biofuels, while maximizing the benefits and
minimizing the risks. Recommendations include:
strengthening the market (i.e. focusing on market
development, infrastructure development, and the building
of transportation fleets that are able to use the new fuels),
speeding the transition to next-generation
technologies allowing for dramatically increased
production at lower cost, and facilitating sustainable
international biofuel trade, developing a true
international market unimpeded by the trade restrictions
in place today.

Worldwatch Institute - June 7, 2006.
Adapted from: http://www.worldwatch.org/node/4079

The main purpose of the text is to:

Alternativas
Comentários
  • b-

    O tipo de questao cuja reposta geralmente esta no inicio e no fim, destacando o gênero textual e tópico abordado.

  • O principal objetivo do texto é

    (A) explain the millennials’ credit card affection.

    explicar a afeição da geração Y pelo cartão de crédito.

    (B) defend the millennials’ fear of credit card use.

    defender o medo do uso do cartão pela geração Y.

    (C) describe the millennials’ attitude towards the credit card.

    descrever a atitude da geração Y diante do cartão de crédito.

    (D) present the millennials’ credit card historical background.

    apresentar o contexto histórico da geração Y em relação ao cartão de crédito.

    (E) demonstrate the millennials’ need of credit card use to build a credit history.

    demonstrar a necessidade de uso do cartão de crédito pela geração Y para construir um histórico de crédito.

    Comentários: Observe, especialmente nos trechos destacados, que ao longo de todo o texto, desde o seu título

    (que já inicia explicando a razão pela qual a geração Y não gosta de cartões de crédito), o objetivo principal do

    autor é descrever a atitude da geração Y em relação ao cartão de crédito. O texto menciona o medo que a geração

    Y tem de cartão de crédito e que a maioria acha que não vale a pena ter um cartão de crédito.

    Why Millennials Don’t Like Credit Cards

    Por que a Geração Y não gosta de Cartões de Crédito

    (...)

    According to a recent survey by Bankrate of over 1,161 consumers, 63% of adults ages 18 to 29 live without a credit

    card of any kind, and another 23% only carry one card.

    De acordo com uma pesquisa recente da Bankrate, realizada com mais de 1.161 consumidores, 63% dos adultos

    com idades entre 18 a 29 vivem sem qualquer espécie de cartão de crédito e os outros 23% carregam somente um

    cartão.

    (...)

    According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the Great Recession caused millennials to stray from historic patterns

    when it comes to purchasing a home and having children, and a fear of credit cards could be another symptom of

    the economic environment of the times.

    De acordo com o Escritório de Estatísticas do Trabalho, a Grande Recessão provocou o desvio de padrões

    históricos pela geração Y, quando se trata de comprar uma casa e ter filhos, e o medo de cartões de crédito pode

    ser outro sintoma do ambiente econômico do momento.

    (...)

    With those figures, it’s no wonder that millennials are skittish when it comes to credit cards.

    Com esses números, não é de admirar que a geração Y é arisca quando se trata de cartões de crédito.

    (...)

    With so much debt already under their belts, millennials are worried about adding any credit card debt to the

    pile.

    Com tanta dívida já em seus currículos, a geração Y está preocupada com a adição de qualquer débito de

    cartão de crédito na pilha.

    (...)

    How Millennials Can Build Credit Without a Credit Card

    Como a geração Y pode construir Crédito Sem um Cartão de Crédito

    The fact that millennials are smart enough to avoid credit card debt is a good thing, but that doesn’t mean the

    decision has its drawbacks.

    O fato de a geração Y ser inteligente o suficiente para evitar o débito do cartão de crédito é uma coisa boa,

    embora isso não signifique que a decisão tenha seus inconvenientes.

    (...)

    Still, there are plenty of ways millennials can build a credit history without a credit card. A few tips:

    Ainda assim, existem muitas maneiras de a geração Y construir uma história de crédito sem um cartão de

    crédito. Algumas dicas:

    (...)

    • Get a secured credit card. Unlike traditional credit cards, the funds secured credit cards offer are backed by money

    the user deposits. Signing up for a secured card is one way to build positive credit history without any risk.

    • Adquira um cartão de crédito segurado. Ao contrário dos cartões de crédito tradicionais, os recursos garantidos

    que os cartões de crédito oferecem são assegurados pelo dinheiro que os usuários depositam. Inscrever-se para

    um cartão segurado é uma forma de construir um histórico de crédito positivo sem qualquer risco.

    The fact that millennials are leery of credit cards is probably a good thing in the long run. After all, not having

    a credit card is the perfect way to stay out of credit card debt. Even though it might be harder to build a credit history

    without credit cards, the vast majority of millennials have decided that the plastic just isn’t worth it.

    O fato de a geração Y ser cautelosa com cartões de crédito é provavelmente uma boa coisa no longo prazo.

    Afinal de contas, não ter um cartão de crédito é a maneira perfeita para ficar fora da dívida de cartão de crédito.

    Apesar de ser mais difícil construir uma história de crédito sem cartões de crédito, a maior parte da geração Y

    decidiu que o plástico simplesmente não vale a pena.

    Letra A – Errada. O texto não fala nada sobre afeição da geração Y em relação ao cartão de crédito, mas sim sobre

    o medo, a cautela e o receio do seu uso.

    Letra B – Errada. O principal objetivo do texto não é defender o medo do uso do cartão de crédito pela geração Y.

    O autor faz uma análise desse medo, mas não se posiciona na defesa dessa conduta pela geração Y.

    Letra C – Certa. Conforme já demonstrado, o principal objetivo do texto é descrever a atitude da geração Y diante

    do cartão de crédito.

    Letra D – Errada. O autor menciona o contexto histórico do cartão de crédito da geração Y, mas esse não é o

    principal objetivo do texto.

    Letra E – Errada. O texto cita exatamente o contrário, isto é, que a geração Y não precisa utilizar o cartão de crédito

    para construir um histórico de crédito: How Millennials Can Build Credit Without a Credit Card (Como a geração Y

    pode construir Crédito Sem um Cartão de Crédito).

    Gabarito: C

  • O Comentário da professora está errada conforme a questão. Gabarito letra (b)


ID
5191
Banca
CESGRANRIO
Órgão
REFAP SA
Ano
2007
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

REPORT: BIOFUELS POISED TO DISPLACE OIL

Biofuels such as ethanol and biodiesel can
significantly reduce global dependence on oil, according
to a new report by the Worldwatch Institute.
Last year, world biofuel production surpassed 670,000
barrels per day, the equivalent of about 1 percent of the
global transport fuel market. Although oil still accounts for
more than 96 percent of transport fuel use, biofuel
production has doubled since 2001 and is poised for even
stronger growth as the industry responds to higher fuel
prices and supportive government policies. "Coordinated
action to expand biofuel markets and advance new
technologies could relieve pressure on oil prices while
strengthening agricultural economies and reducing climatealtering
emissions," says Worldwatch Institute President
Christopher Flavin.
Brazil is the world's biofuel leader, with half of its
sugar cane crop providing more than 40 percent of its nondiesel
transport fuel. In the United States, where 15 percent
of the corn crop provides about 2 percent of the non-diesel
transport fuel, ethanol production is growing even more
rapidly. This surging growth may allow the U.S. to overtake
Brazil as the world's biofuel leader this year. Both countries
are now estimated to be producing ethanol at less than
the current cost of gasoline.
Figures cited in the report reveal that biofuels could
provide 37 percent of U.S. transport fuel within the next 25
years, and up to 75 percent if automobile fuel economy
doubles. Biofuels could replace 20-30 percent of the oil
used in European Union countries during the same time
frame.
As the first-ever global assessment of the potential
social and environmental impacts of biofuels, Biofuels for
Transportation warns that the large-scale use of biofuels
carries significant agricultural and ecological risks. "It is
essential that government incentives be used to minimize
competition between food and fuel crops and to discourage
expansion onto ecologically valuable lands," says
Worldwatch Biofuels Project Manager Suzanne Hunt.
However, the report also finds that biofuels have the potential
to increase energy security, create new economic
opportunities in rural areas, and reduce local pollution and
emissions of greenhouse gases.
The long-term potential of biofuels is in the use of
non-food feedstock that include agricultural, municipal, and
forestry wastes as well as fast-growing, cellulose-rich
energy crops such as switchgrass. It is expected that the
combination of cellulosic biomass resources and "nextgeneration"
biofuel conversion technologies will compete
with conventional gasoline and diesel fuel without subsidies
in the medium term.
The report recommends policies to accelerate the
development of biofuels, while maximizing the benefits and
minimizing the risks. Recommendations include:
strengthening the market (i.e. focusing on market
development, infrastructure development, and the building
of transportation fleets that are able to use the new fuels),
speeding the transition to next-generation
technologies allowing for dramatically increased
production at lower cost, and facilitating sustainable
international biofuel trade, developing a true
international market unimpeded by the trade restrictions
in place today.

Worldwatch Institute - June 7, 2006.
Adapted from: http://www.worldwatch.org/node/4079

According to paragraphs 2 and 3:

Alternativas
Comentários
  • ...Although oil still accounts formore than 96 percent of transport fuel use, biofuelproduction has doubled since 2001...
  • Concordo com o gabarito, mas o enunciado da questão está meio confuso pois ele pede a resposta de acordo com os 2º e 3º parágrafo, errei em função disso...
  • e-

    Although oil still accounts for more than 96 percent of transport fuel use, biofuel production has doubled since 2001 and is poised for even stronger growth as the industry responds to higher fuel prices and supportive government policies.

     

    Over 96% of oil use automatically implies that the remainder will be restricted to less than 3%.


ID
5194
Banca
CESGRANRIO
Órgão
REFAP SA
Ano
2007
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

REPORT: BIOFUELS POISED TO DISPLACE OIL

Biofuels such as ethanol and biodiesel can
significantly reduce global dependence on oil, according
to a new report by the Worldwatch Institute.
Last year, world biofuel production surpassed 670,000
barrels per day, the equivalent of about 1 percent of the
global transport fuel market. Although oil still accounts for
more than 96 percent of transport fuel use, biofuel
production has doubled since 2001 and is poised for even
stronger growth as the industry responds to higher fuel
prices and supportive government policies. "Coordinated
action to expand biofuel markets and advance new
technologies could relieve pressure on oil prices while
strengthening agricultural economies and reducing climatealtering
emissions," says Worldwatch Institute President
Christopher Flavin.
Brazil is the world's biofuel leader, with half of its
sugar cane crop providing more than 40 percent of its nondiesel
transport fuel. In the United States, where 15 percent
of the corn crop provides about 2 percent of the non-diesel
transport fuel, ethanol production is growing even more
rapidly. This surging growth may allow the U.S. to overtake
Brazil as the world's biofuel leader this year. Both countries
are now estimated to be producing ethanol at less than
the current cost of gasoline.
Figures cited in the report reveal that biofuels could
provide 37 percent of U.S. transport fuel within the next 25
years, and up to 75 percent if automobile fuel economy
doubles. Biofuels could replace 20-30 percent of the oil
used in European Union countries during the same time
frame.
As the first-ever global assessment of the potential
social and environmental impacts of biofuels, Biofuels for
Transportation warns that the large-scale use of biofuels
carries significant agricultural and ecological risks. "It is
essential that government incentives be used to minimize
competition between food and fuel crops and to discourage
expansion onto ecologically valuable lands," says
Worldwatch Biofuels Project Manager Suzanne Hunt.
However, the report also finds that biofuels have the potential
to increase energy security, create new economic
opportunities in rural areas, and reduce local pollution and
emissions of greenhouse gases.
The long-term potential of biofuels is in the use of
non-food feedstock that include agricultural, municipal, and
forestry wastes as well as fast-growing, cellulose-rich
energy crops such as switchgrass. It is expected that the
combination of cellulosic biomass resources and "nextgeneration"
biofuel conversion technologies will compete
with conventional gasoline and diesel fuel without subsidies
in the medium term.
The report recommends policies to accelerate the
development of biofuels, while maximizing the benefits and
minimizing the risks. Recommendations include:
strengthening the market (i.e. focusing on market
development, infrastructure development, and the building
of transportation fleets that are able to use the new fuels),
speeding the transition to next-generation
technologies allowing for dramatically increased
production at lower cost, and facilitating sustainable
international biofuel trade, developing a true
international market unimpeded by the trade restrictions
in place today.

Worldwatch Institute - June 7, 2006.
Adapted from: http://www.worldwatch.org/node/4079

Based on what Christopher Flavin, President of the Worldwatch Institute, has said, it is possible to state that:

Alternativas
Comentários
  • Correto. "Coordinated action to expand biofuel markets and advance new technologies could relieve pressure on oil prices while
    strengthening agricultural economies and reducing climatealtering emissions," says Worldwatch Institute President Christopher Flavin

  • d-

    The expectation is that the rise of bio fuels will improve local economies that aren't based on oil


ID
5197
Banca
CESGRANRIO
Órgão
REFAP SA
Ano
2007
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

REPORT: BIOFUELS POISED TO DISPLACE OIL

Biofuels such as ethanol and biodiesel can
significantly reduce global dependence on oil, according
to a new report by the Worldwatch Institute.
Last year, world biofuel production surpassed 670,000
barrels per day, the equivalent of about 1 percent of the
global transport fuel market. Although oil still accounts for
more than 96 percent of transport fuel use, biofuel
production has doubled since 2001 and is poised for even
stronger growth as the industry responds to higher fuel
prices and supportive government policies. "Coordinated
action to expand biofuel markets and advance new
technologies could relieve pressure on oil prices while
strengthening agricultural economies and reducing climatealtering
emissions," says Worldwatch Institute President
Christopher Flavin.
Brazil is the world's biofuel leader, with half of its
sugar cane crop providing more than 40 percent of its nondiesel
transport fuel. In the United States, where 15 percent
of the corn crop provides about 2 percent of the non-diesel
transport fuel, ethanol production is growing even more
rapidly. This surging growth may allow the U.S. to overtake
Brazil as the world's biofuel leader this year. Both countries
are now estimated to be producing ethanol at less than
the current cost of gasoline.
Figures cited in the report reveal that biofuels could
provide 37 percent of U.S. transport fuel within the next 25
years, and up to 75 percent if automobile fuel economy
doubles. Biofuels could replace 20-30 percent of the oil
used in European Union countries during the same time
frame.
As the first-ever global assessment of the potential
social and environmental impacts of biofuels, Biofuels for
Transportation warns that the large-scale use of biofuels
carries significant agricultural and ecological risks. "It is
essential that government incentives be used to minimize
competition between food and fuel crops and to discourage
expansion onto ecologically valuable lands," says
Worldwatch Biofuels Project Manager Suzanne Hunt.
However, the report also finds that biofuels have the potential
to increase energy security, create new economic
opportunities in rural areas, and reduce local pollution and
emissions of greenhouse gases.
The long-term potential of biofuels is in the use of
non-food feedstock that include agricultural, municipal, and
forestry wastes as well as fast-growing, cellulose-rich
energy crops such as switchgrass. It is expected that the
combination of cellulosic biomass resources and "nextgeneration"
biofuel conversion technologies will compete
with conventional gasoline and diesel fuel without subsidies
in the medium term.
The report recommends policies to accelerate the
development of biofuels, while maximizing the benefits and
minimizing the risks. Recommendations include:
strengthening the market (i.e. focusing on market
development, infrastructure development, and the building
of transportation fleets that are able to use the new fuels),
speeding the transition to next-generation
technologies allowing for dramatically increased
production at lower cost, and facilitating sustainable
international biofuel trade, developing a true
international market unimpeded by the trade restrictions
in place today.

Worldwatch Institute - June 7, 2006.
Adapted from: http://www.worldwatch.org/node/4079

According to the text, Brazil:

Alternativas
Comentários
  • e-

    This surging growth may allow the U.S. to overtake Brazil as the world's biofuel leader this year.

  • (E)

     This surging growth may allow the U.S. to overtake Brazil as the world's biofuel leader this year.

    Tradução--> Este crescimento acelerado pode permitir que os EUA superem o Brasil em biocombustíveis este ano.


ID
5200
Banca
CESGRANRIO
Órgão
REFAP SA
Ano
2007
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

REPORT: BIOFUELS POISED TO DISPLACE OIL

Biofuels such as ethanol and biodiesel can
significantly reduce global dependence on oil, according
to a new report by the Worldwatch Institute.
Last year, world biofuel production surpassed 670,000
barrels per day, the equivalent of about 1 percent of the
global transport fuel market. Although oil still accounts for
more than 96 percent of transport fuel use, biofuel
production has doubled since 2001 and is poised for even
stronger growth as the industry responds to higher fuel
prices and supportive government policies. "Coordinated
action to expand biofuel markets and advance new
technologies could relieve pressure on oil prices while
strengthening agricultural economies and reducing climatealtering
emissions," says Worldwatch Institute President
Christopher Flavin.
Brazil is the world's biofuel leader, with half of its
sugar cane crop providing more than 40 percent of its nondiesel
transport fuel. In the United States, where 15 percent
of the corn crop provides about 2 percent of the non-diesel
transport fuel, ethanol production is growing even more
rapidly. This surging growth may allow the U.S. to overtake
Brazil as the world's biofuel leader this year. Both countries
are now estimated to be producing ethanol at less than
the current cost of gasoline.
Figures cited in the report reveal that biofuels could
provide 37 percent of U.S. transport fuel within the next 25
years, and up to 75 percent if automobile fuel economy
doubles. Biofuels could replace 20-30 percent of the oil
used in European Union countries during the same time
frame.
As the first-ever global assessment of the potential
social and environmental impacts of biofuels, Biofuels for
Transportation warns that the large-scale use of biofuels
carries significant agricultural and ecological risks. "It is
essential that government incentives be used to minimize
competition between food and fuel crops and to discourage
expansion onto ecologically valuable lands," says
Worldwatch Biofuels Project Manager Suzanne Hunt.
However, the report also finds that biofuels have the potential
to increase energy security, create new economic
opportunities in rural areas, and reduce local pollution and
emissions of greenhouse gases.
The long-term potential of biofuels is in the use of
non-food feedstock that include agricultural, municipal, and
forestry wastes as well as fast-growing, cellulose-rich
energy crops such as switchgrass. It is expected that the
combination of cellulosic biomass resources and "nextgeneration"
biofuel conversion technologies will compete
with conventional gasoline and diesel fuel without subsidies
in the medium term.
The report recommends policies to accelerate the
development of biofuels, while maximizing the benefits and
minimizing the risks. Recommendations include:
strengthening the market (i.e. focusing on market
development, infrastructure development, and the building
of transportation fleets that are able to use the new fuels),
speeding the transition to next-generation
technologies allowing for dramatically increased
production at lower cost, and facilitating sustainable
international biofuel trade, developing a true
international market unimpeded by the trade restrictions
in place today.

Worldwatch Institute - June 7, 2006.
Adapted from: http://www.worldwatch.org/node/4079

"This surging growth..." (line 21) refers to:

Alternativas
Comentários
  • a-

    ethanol production is growing even more rapidly


ID
5203
Banca
CESGRANRIO
Órgão
REFAP SA
Ano
2007
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

REPORT: BIOFUELS POISED TO DISPLACE OIL

Biofuels such as ethanol and biodiesel can
significantly reduce global dependence on oil, according
to a new report by the Worldwatch Institute.
Last year, world biofuel production surpassed 670,000
barrels per day, the equivalent of about 1 percent of the
global transport fuel market. Although oil still accounts for
more than 96 percent of transport fuel use, biofuel
production has doubled since 2001 and is poised for even
stronger growth as the industry responds to higher fuel
prices and supportive government policies. "Coordinated
action to expand biofuel markets and advance new
technologies could relieve pressure on oil prices while
strengthening agricultural economies and reducing climatealtering
emissions," says Worldwatch Institute President
Christopher Flavin.
Brazil is the world's biofuel leader, with half of its
sugar cane crop providing more than 40 percent of its nondiesel
transport fuel. In the United States, where 15 percent
of the corn crop provides about 2 percent of the non-diesel
transport fuel, ethanol production is growing even more
rapidly. This surging growth may allow the U.S. to overtake
Brazil as the world's biofuel leader this year. Both countries
are now estimated to be producing ethanol at less than
the current cost of gasoline.
Figures cited in the report reveal that biofuels could
provide 37 percent of U.S. transport fuel within the next 25
years, and up to 75 percent if automobile fuel economy
doubles. Biofuels could replace 20-30 percent of the oil
used in European Union countries during the same time
frame.
As the first-ever global assessment of the potential
social and environmental impacts of biofuels, Biofuels for
Transportation warns that the large-scale use of biofuels
carries significant agricultural and ecological risks. "It is
essential that government incentives be used to minimize
competition between food and fuel crops and to discourage
expansion onto ecologically valuable lands," says
Worldwatch Biofuels Project Manager Suzanne Hunt.
However, the report also finds that biofuels have the potential
to increase energy security, create new economic
opportunities in rural areas, and reduce local pollution and
emissions of greenhouse gases.
The long-term potential of biofuels is in the use of
non-food feedstock that include agricultural, municipal, and
forestry wastes as well as fast-growing, cellulose-rich
energy crops such as switchgrass. It is expected that the
combination of cellulosic biomass resources and "nextgeneration"
biofuel conversion technologies will compete
with conventional gasoline and diesel fuel without subsidies
in the medium term.
The report recommends policies to accelerate the
development of biofuels, while maximizing the benefits and
minimizing the risks. Recommendations include:
strengthening the market (i.e. focusing on market
development, infrastructure development, and the building
of transportation fleets that are able to use the new fuels),
speeding the transition to next-generation
technologies allowing for dramatically increased
production at lower cost, and facilitating sustainable
international biofuel trade, developing a true
international market unimpeded by the trade restrictions
in place today.

Worldwatch Institute - June 7, 2006.
Adapted from: http://www.worldwatch.org/node/4079

Some of the benefits of the increase in biofuel production listed by the author are:

Alternativas
Comentários
  • c-

    However, the report also finds that biofuels have the potential to increase energy security, create new economic opportunities in rural areas, and reduce local pollution and emissions of greenhouse gases.


ID
5206
Banca
CESGRANRIO
Órgão
REFAP SA
Ano
2007
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

REPORT: BIOFUELS POISED TO DISPLACE OIL

Biofuels such as ethanol and biodiesel can
significantly reduce global dependence on oil, according
to a new report by the Worldwatch Institute.
Last year, world biofuel production surpassed 670,000
barrels per day, the equivalent of about 1 percent of the
global transport fuel market. Although oil still accounts for
more than 96 percent of transport fuel use, biofuel
production has doubled since 2001 and is poised for even
stronger growth as the industry responds to higher fuel
prices and supportive government policies. "Coordinated
action to expand biofuel markets and advance new
technologies could relieve pressure on oil prices while
strengthening agricultural economies and reducing climatealtering
emissions," says Worldwatch Institute President
Christopher Flavin.
Brazil is the world's biofuel leader, with half of its
sugar cane crop providing more than 40 percent of its nondiesel
transport fuel. In the United States, where 15 percent
of the corn crop provides about 2 percent of the non-diesel
transport fuel, ethanol production is growing even more
rapidly. This surging growth may allow the U.S. to overtake
Brazil as the world's biofuel leader this year. Both countries
are now estimated to be producing ethanol at less than
the current cost of gasoline.
Figures cited in the report reveal that biofuels could
provide 37 percent of U.S. transport fuel within the next 25
years, and up to 75 percent if automobile fuel economy
doubles. Biofuels could replace 20-30 percent of the oil
used in European Union countries during the same time
frame.
As the first-ever global assessment of the potential
social and environmental impacts of biofuels, Biofuels for
Transportation warns that the large-scale use of biofuels
carries significant agricultural and ecological risks. "It is
essential that government incentives be used to minimize
competition between food and fuel crops and to discourage
expansion onto ecologically valuable lands," says
Worldwatch Biofuels Project Manager Suzanne Hunt.
However, the report also finds that biofuels have the potential
to increase energy security, create new economic
opportunities in rural areas, and reduce local pollution and
emissions of greenhouse gases.
The long-term potential of biofuels is in the use of
non-food feedstock that include agricultural, municipal, and
forestry wastes as well as fast-growing, cellulose-rich
energy crops such as switchgrass. It is expected that the
combination of cellulosic biomass resources and "nextgeneration"
biofuel conversion technologies will compete
with conventional gasoline and diesel fuel without subsidies
in the medium term.
The report recommends policies to accelerate the
development of biofuels, while maximizing the benefits and
minimizing the risks. Recommendations include:
strengthening the market (i.e. focusing on market
development, infrastructure development, and the building
of transportation fleets that are able to use the new fuels),
speeding the transition to next-generation
technologies allowing for dramatically increased
production at lower cost, and facilitating sustainable
international biofuel trade, developing a true
international market unimpeded by the trade restrictions
in place today.

Worldwatch Institute - June 7, 2006.
Adapted from: http://www.worldwatch.org/node/4079

Mark the option that contains a recommendation included in the report.

Alternativas
Comentários
  • Gabarito D.

    The report recommends policies to accelerate the
    development of biofuels, while maximizing the benefits and
    minimizing the risks. Recommendations include:
    strengthening the market (i.e. focusing on market
    development, infrastructure development, and the building
    of transportation fleets that are able to use the new fuels),
    speeding the transition to next-generation
    technologies allowing for dramatically increased
    production at lower cost, and facilitating sustainable
    international biofuel trade, developing a true
    international market unimpeded by the trade restrictions
    in place today.

  • d-

    and facilitating sustainable international biofuel trade,


ID
5500
Banca
CESGRANRIO
Órgão
Transpetro
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

The oil and natural gas industry has developed and
applied an impressive array of innovative technologies to
improve productivity and efficiency, while yielding
environmental benefits. According to the U.S. Department
of Energy, "the petroleum business has transformed itself
into a high-technology industry."
State-of-the-art technology allows the industry to
produce more oil and natural gas from more remote
places - some previously unreachable - with significantly
less adverse effect on the environment. Among the
benefits: increased supply to meet the world's growing
energy demand, reduced energy consumption at oil and
natural gas facilities and refineries, reduced noise from
operations, decreased size of facilities, reduced
emissions of pollutants, better protection of water
resources, and preservation of habitats and wildlife.
With advanced exploration and production
technologies, the oil and gas industry can pinpoint
resources more accurately, extract them more efficiently
and with less surface disturbance, minimize associated
wastes, and, ultimately, restore sites to original or better
condition.
Exploration and production advances include
advanced directional drilling, slimhole drilling, and 3-D
seismic technology. Other segments of the industry have
benefited from technological advances as well. Refineries
are becoming highly automated with integrated process
and energy system controls; this results in improved
operational and environmental performance and enables
refineries to run harder and produce more products safer
than ever before. Also, new process equipment and
catalyst technology advances have been made very
recently to meet new fuel regulations requiring very low
levels of sulfur in gasoline and diesel.
Technology advances such as these are making it
possible for the oil and natural gas industry to grow in
tandem with the nation's energy needs while maintaining
a cleaner environment. The industry is committed to
investing in advanced technologies that will continue to
provide affordable and reliable energy to support our
current quality of life, and expand our economic horizons.
For example, we are researching fuel cells that may
power the vehicles of tomorrow with greater efficiency
and less environmental impact. We are investigating ways
to tap the huge natural gas resources locked in gas
hydrates. Gas hydrates are common in sediments in
the ocean's deep waters where cold temperatures and
high pressures cause natural gas and water to freeze
together, forming solid gas hydrates. Gas hydrates could
be an important future source of natural gas for our nation.
Some of our companies are also investigating
renewable energy resources such as solar, wind,
biomass and geothermal energy. By conducting research
into overcoming the many technological hurdles that limit
these energy resources, they hope to make them more
reliable, affordable and convenient for future use. Although
the potential for these energy resources is great,
scientists do not expect them to be a significant part of
the nation's energy mix for many decades. For this
reason, the industry must continue to invest in
conventional resources such as oil and natural gas. We
will need to rely on these important energy resources for
many decades to come.

In: http://api-ec.api.org/focus/index

The fragment ".an impressive array of innovative technologies." (line 2) could best be substituted by a/an:

Alternativas
Comentários
  • ARRAY MEANS A GROUP OF PEOPLE OR THINGS, USUALLY ONE THAT IS LARGE OR IMPRESSIVE.
  • d-

    array - set, clutch, cluster, bunch, bundle, horde etc

    impressive - terrific, superb, splendid, remarkable, extraordinary

    innovative - ingenious, avant-garde, newfangled, state-of-the-art, creative


ID
5503
Banca
CESGRANRIO
Órgão
Transpetro
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

The oil and natural gas industry has developed and
applied an impressive array of innovative technologies to
improve productivity and efficiency, while yielding
environmental benefits. According to the U.S. Department
of Energy, "the petroleum business has transformed itself
into a high-technology industry."
State-of-the-art technology allows the industry to
produce more oil and natural gas from more remote
places - some previously unreachable - with significantly
less adverse effect on the environment. Among the
benefits: increased supply to meet the world's growing
energy demand, reduced energy consumption at oil and
natural gas facilities and refineries, reduced noise from
operations, decreased size of facilities, reduced
emissions of pollutants, better protection of water
resources, and preservation of habitats and wildlife.
With advanced exploration and production
technologies, the oil and gas industry can pinpoint
resources more accurately, extract them more efficiently
and with less surface disturbance, minimize associated
wastes, and, ultimately, restore sites to original or better
condition.
Exploration and production advances include
advanced directional drilling, slimhole drilling, and 3-D
seismic technology. Other segments of the industry have
benefited from technological advances as well. Refineries
are becoming highly automated with integrated process
and energy system controls; this results in improved
operational and environmental performance and enables
refineries to run harder and produce more products safer
than ever before. Also, new process equipment and
catalyst technology advances have been made very
recently to meet new fuel regulations requiring very low
levels of sulfur in gasoline and diesel.
Technology advances such as these are making it
possible for the oil and natural gas industry to grow in
tandem with the nation's energy needs while maintaining
a cleaner environment. The industry is committed to
investing in advanced technologies that will continue to
provide affordable and reliable energy to support our
current quality of life, and expand our economic horizons.
For example, we are researching fuel cells that may
power the vehicles of tomorrow with greater efficiency
and less environmental impact. We are investigating ways
to tap the huge natural gas resources locked in gas
hydrates. Gas hydrates are common in sediments in
the ocean's deep waters where cold temperatures and
high pressures cause natural gas and water to freeze
together, forming solid gas hydrates. Gas hydrates could
be an important future source of natural gas for our nation.
Some of our companies are also investigating
renewable energy resources such as solar, wind,
biomass and geothermal energy. By conducting research
into overcoming the many technological hurdles that limit
these energy resources, they hope to make them more
reliable, affordable and convenient for future use. Although
the potential for these energy resources is great,
scientists do not expect them to be a significant part of
the nation's energy mix for many decades. For this
reason, the industry must continue to invest in
conventional resources such as oil and natural gas. We
will need to rely on these important energy resources for
many decades to come.

In: http://api-ec.api.org/focus/index

According to the second paragraph, state-of-the-art technology brings many benefits, EXCEPT:

Alternativas
Comentários
  • Letra B,
    É exatamente o contrário : decreased size of facilities ( redução do tamanho das instalações) .
  • b-

    It's the exact opposite - reduced facilities is one thing going for oil drilling cutting edge technologies. 


ID
5506
Banca
CESGRANRIO
Órgão
Transpetro
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

The oil and natural gas industry has developed and
applied an impressive array of innovative technologies to
improve productivity and efficiency, while yielding
environmental benefits. According to the U.S. Department
of Energy, "the petroleum business has transformed itself
into a high-technology industry."
State-of-the-art technology allows the industry to
produce more oil and natural gas from more remote
places - some previously unreachable - with significantly
less adverse effect on the environment. Among the
benefits: increased supply to meet the world's growing
energy demand, reduced energy consumption at oil and
natural gas facilities and refineries, reduced noise from
operations, decreased size of facilities, reduced
emissions of pollutants, better protection of water
resources, and preservation of habitats and wildlife.
With advanced exploration and production
technologies, the oil and gas industry can pinpoint
resources more accurately, extract them more efficiently
and with less surface disturbance, minimize associated
wastes, and, ultimately, restore sites to original or better
condition.
Exploration and production advances include
advanced directional drilling, slimhole drilling, and 3-D
seismic technology. Other segments of the industry have
benefited from technological advances as well. Refineries
are becoming highly automated with integrated process
and energy system controls; this results in improved
operational and environmental performance and enables
refineries to run harder and produce more products safer
than ever before. Also, new process equipment and
catalyst technology advances have been made very
recently to meet new fuel regulations requiring very low
levels of sulfur in gasoline and diesel.
Technology advances such as these are making it
possible for the oil and natural gas industry to grow in
tandem with the nation's energy needs while maintaining
a cleaner environment. The industry is committed to
investing in advanced technologies that will continue to
provide affordable and reliable energy to support our
current quality of life, and expand our economic horizons.
For example, we are researching fuel cells that may
power the vehicles of tomorrow with greater efficiency
and less environmental impact. We are investigating ways
to tap the huge natural gas resources locked in gas
hydrates. Gas hydrates are common in sediments in
the ocean's deep waters where cold temperatures and
high pressures cause natural gas and water to freeze
together, forming solid gas hydrates. Gas hydrates could
be an important future source of natural gas for our nation.
Some of our companies are also investigating
renewable energy resources such as solar, wind,
biomass and geothermal energy. By conducting research
into overcoming the many technological hurdles that limit
these energy resources, they hope to make them more
reliable, affordable and convenient for future use. Although
the potential for these energy resources is great,
scientists do not expect them to be a significant part of
the nation's energy mix for many decades. For this
reason, the industry must continue to invest in
conventional resources such as oil and natural gas. We
will need to rely on these important energy resources for
many decades to come.

In: http://api-ec.api.org/focus/index

The function of the fourth paragraph is to:

Alternativas
Comentários
  • Letra B,
    Traduzindo: Avanços incluem exploração e produção avançadas de perfuração direcional, perfuração slimhole, e 3-D ecnologia sísmica. Outros segmentos da indústria também beneficiou dos avanços tecnológicos. Refinarias estão se tornando altamente automatizadas, com processo integrado e controles d sistema de energia, o que resulta em melhoria desempenho operacional e ambiental e permite refinarias para executar mais e produzir produtos mais seguros do que nunca. Além disso, o equipamento novo processo e avanços da tecnologia do catalisador foram feitas muito recentemente, para atender às regulamentações que exigem novo combustível muito baixo níveis de enxofre na gasolina e diesel.
  • b-

    4th paragraph:

    Exploration and production advances include advanced directional drilling, slimhole drilling, and 3-D seismic technology. Other segments of the industry have benefited from technological advances as well. Refineries are becoming highly automated with integrated process and energy system controls; this results in improved operational and environmental performance and enables refineries to run harder and produce more products safer than ever before. Also, new process equipment and catalyst technology advances have been made very recently to meet new fuel regulations requiring very low levels of sulfur in gasoline and diesel.

     

    The undercurrent of thsi paragraph is to bring to the fore instances of technology that curtail the usually adverse effects brought on by hi-tech gear designed for oil drilling and natural resources exploration.


ID
5509
Banca
CESGRANRIO
Órgão
Transpetro
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

The oil and natural gas industry has developed and
applied an impressive array of innovative technologies to
improve productivity and efficiency, while yielding
environmental benefits. According to the U.S. Department
of Energy, "the petroleum business has transformed itself
into a high-technology industry."
State-of-the-art technology allows the industry to
produce more oil and natural gas from more remote
places - some previously unreachable - with significantly
less adverse effect on the environment. Among the
benefits: increased supply to meet the world's growing
energy demand, reduced energy consumption at oil and
natural gas facilities and refineries, reduced noise from
operations, decreased size of facilities, reduced
emissions of pollutants, better protection of water
resources, and preservation of habitats and wildlife.
With advanced exploration and production
technologies, the oil and gas industry can pinpoint
resources more accurately, extract them more efficiently
and with less surface disturbance, minimize associated
wastes, and, ultimately, restore sites to original or better
condition.
Exploration and production advances include
advanced directional drilling, slimhole drilling, and 3-D
seismic technology. Other segments of the industry have
benefited from technological advances as well. Refineries
are becoming highly automated with integrated process
and energy system controls; this results in improved
operational and environmental performance and enables
refineries to run harder and produce more products safer
than ever before. Also, new process equipment and
catalyst technology advances have been made very
recently to meet new fuel regulations requiring very low
levels of sulfur in gasoline and diesel.
Technology advances such as these are making it
possible for the oil and natural gas industry to grow in
tandem with the nation's energy needs while maintaining
a cleaner environment. The industry is committed to
investing in advanced technologies that will continue to
provide affordable and reliable energy to support our
current quality of life, and expand our economic horizons.
For example, we are researching fuel cells that may
power the vehicles of tomorrow with greater efficiency
and less environmental impact. We are investigating ways
to tap the huge natural gas resources locked in gas
hydrates. Gas hydrates are common in sediments in
the ocean's deep waters where cold temperatures and
high pressures cause natural gas and water to freeze
together, forming solid gas hydrates. Gas hydrates could
be an important future source of natural gas for our nation.
Some of our companies are also investigating
renewable energy resources such as solar, wind,
biomass and geothermal energy. By conducting research
into overcoming the many technological hurdles that limit
these energy resources, they hope to make them more
reliable, affordable and convenient for future use. Although
the potential for these energy resources is great,
scientists do not expect them to be a significant part of
the nation's energy mix for many decades. For this
reason, the industry must continue to invest in
conventional resources such as oil and natural gas. We
will need to rely on these important energy resources for
many decades to come.

In: http://api-ec.api.org/focus/index

According to lines 44-50, gas hydrates:

Alternativas
Comentários
  • b) WRONG - to tap the huge natural gas resources locked in gas hydrates (HYDRATES ARE CONTAINED IN NATURAL RESOURCES - WRONG) THERE ARE WAYS BEING INVESTIGATED TO ROOT OUT THE HUGE NATURAL RESOURCES FROM THE GAS HYDRATES. WHAT ASSUMES US TO SAY HYDRATES ARE NOT CONTAINED IN GAS RESOURCES BUT NATURAL RESOURCES ARE FOUND ON THEM.

    C) WRONG - Gas hydrates could be an important future source of natural gas (HYDRATES HAVE BEEN USED AS SOURCE OF NATURAL GAS) NO THEY HAVE NOT BEEN USED AS A SOURCE OF NATURAL GAS, BUT THE TEXT CHAMPIONS THAT IT COULD BE USED AS  SOURCE IN A FUTURE.

    D) WRONG where cold temperatures and high pressures cause natural gas and water to freeze together (HYDRATES MAY CAUSE WATER TO FREEZE UNDER THE OCEAN) - IS WRONG CAUSE IT IS NOT THE HYDRATE WHICH CAUSE WATER FREEZING, BUT IT IS THE HYDRATE TOGETHER TO THE WATER WHICH FREEZES.

    E) WRONG - Gas hydrates are common in sediments in the ocean's deep waters (HYDRATES FORMS SEDIMENTS UNDER LOW TEMPERATURES AND PRESSURES) - IT IS WRONG ONCE THE TEXT UPHOLDS HYDRATES ARE COMMONLY FOUND IN SEDIMENTS LOCATED IN THE OCEAN'S DEEP WATER, BUT IT DOES NOT SHAPES/FORMS HYDRATES.

    A) RIGHT - HYDRATES CAN BE FOUND IN DEEP WATER SEDIMENTS.

  • Lines 44-50:
    We are investigating ways to tap the huge natural gas resources locked in gas hydrates. Gas hydrates are common in sediments in the ocean's deep waters where cold temperatures and high pressures cause natural gas and water to freeze together, forming solid gas hydrates. Gas hydrates could be an important future source of natural gas for our nation.

    a-

    That’s the whole story. The sediment settles at the bottom of the ocean, being the result of cold temperatures and high pressures merging gas and water.


ID
5515
Banca
CESGRANRIO
Órgão
Transpetro
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

The oil and natural gas industry has developed and
applied an impressive array of innovative technologies to
improve productivity and efficiency, while yielding
environmental benefits. According to the U.S. Department
of Energy, "the petroleum business has transformed itself
into a high-technology industry."
State-of-the-art technology allows the industry to
produce more oil and natural gas from more remote
places - some previously unreachable - with significantly
less adverse effect on the environment. Among the
benefits: increased supply to meet the world's growing
energy demand, reduced energy consumption at oil and
natural gas facilities and refineries, reduced noise from
operations, decreased size of facilities, reduced
emissions of pollutants, better protection of water
resources, and preservation of habitats and wildlife.
With advanced exploration and production
technologies, the oil and gas industry can pinpoint
resources more accurately, extract them more efficiently
and with less surface disturbance, minimize associated
wastes, and, ultimately, restore sites to original or better
condition.
Exploration and production advances include
advanced directional drilling, slimhole drilling, and 3-D
seismic technology. Other segments of the industry have
benefited from technological advances as well. Refineries
are becoming highly automated with integrated process
and energy system controls; this results in improved
operational and environmental performance and enables
refineries to run harder and produce more products safer
than ever before. Also, new process equipment and
catalyst technology advances have been made very
recently to meet new fuel regulations requiring very low
levels of sulfur in gasoline and diesel.
Technology advances such as these are making it
possible for the oil and natural gas industry to grow in
tandem with the nation's energy needs while maintaining
a cleaner environment. The industry is committed to
investing in advanced technologies that will continue to
provide affordable and reliable energy to support our
current quality of life, and expand our economic horizons.
For example, we are researching fuel cells that may
power the vehicles of tomorrow with greater efficiency
and less environmental impact. We are investigating ways
to tap the huge natural gas resources locked in gas
hydrates. Gas hydrates are common in sediments in
the ocean's deep waters where cold temperatures and
high pressures cause natural gas and water to freeze
together, forming solid gas hydrates. Gas hydrates could
be an important future source of natural gas for our nation.
Some of our companies are also investigating
renewable energy resources such as solar, wind,
biomass and geothermal energy. By conducting research
into overcoming the many technological hurdles that limit
these energy resources, they hope to make them more
reliable, affordable and convenient for future use. Although
the potential for these energy resources is great,
scientists do not expect them to be a significant part of
the nation's energy mix for many decades. For this
reason, the industry must continue to invest in
conventional resources such as oil and natural gas. We
will need to rely on these important energy resources for
many decades to come.

In: http://api-ec.api.org/focus/index

According to the last paragraph:

Alternativas
Comentários
  • A) WRONG - PEOPLE WILL BE ABLE TO COUNT ON RENEWBLE FUELS IN THE NEAR FUTURE (RIGHT = do not expect them to be a significant part of the nation's energy mix for many decades) THE BLUE PART IS WRONG ONCE THE GREEN UNDERPINS THAT WE WON'T GET TO RELY ON THOSE RENEWBLES SOURCES TO BE PART OF NATION IN THE NEAR FUTURE.

    B) WRONG - scientists do not believe that alternative energy resources are useful. (RIGHT = they hope to make them more reliable, affordable and convenient for future use.) THE BLUE PART IS WRONG ONCE IS BELIEVED BY SCIENTISTS THAT THOSE ALTERNATIVE RESOURCES - AS SEEN IN THE GREEN PART - WILL BE RELIABLE, AFFORDABLE AND CONVENIENT IN THE NEAR FUTURE.

    C) RIGHT - societies will depend on traditional energy resources for still many years. (societies will depend on traditional energy resources for still many years.)

    D) WRONG - the limitations of renewable energy resources have finally been conquered. (RIGHT=overcoming the many technological hurdles that limit
    these energy resources) - THE IS WRONG ONCE THE GREEN ADVOCATES IT IS STILL DOING THINGS FOR SURMOUNTING/OVERCOMING THE CURBS/LIMITATIONS ABOUT THOSE ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES.

    E) WRONG - oil companies do not intend to make energy resources cheaper in the future. (RIGHT= they hope to make them more reliable, affordable and convenient for future use) THE RIGHT GREEN PART ALLOWS US TO UNDERSTAND THAT COMPANIES DOES NOT INTENDS MAKING THE OIL USE DIFFICULT, BUT AFFORDABLE, RELIABLE AND CONVENIENT, IT MEANS, EASY NOT DIFFICULT.

  • c-

    Direto do texto: Although the potential for these energy resources is great, scientists do not expect them to be a significant part of the nation's energy mix for many decades. For this reason, the industry must continue to invest in conventional resources such as oil and natural gas.


ID
5527
Banca
CESGRANRIO
Órgão
Transpetro
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

The oil and natural gas industry has developed and
applied an impressive array of innovative technologies to
improve productivity and efficiency, while yielding
environmental benefits. According to the U.S. Department
of Energy, "the petroleum business has transformed itself
into a high-technology industry."
State-of-the-art technology allows the industry to
produce more oil and natural gas from more remote
places - some previously unreachable - with significantly
less adverse effect on the environment. Among the
benefits: increased supply to meet the world's growing
energy demand, reduced energy consumption at oil and
natural gas facilities and refineries, reduced noise from
operations, decreased size of facilities, reduced
emissions of pollutants, better protection of water
resources, and preservation of habitats and wildlife.
With advanced exploration and production
technologies, the oil and gas industry can pinpoint
resources more accurately, extract them more efficiently
and with less surface disturbance, minimize associated
wastes, and, ultimately, restore sites to original or better
condition.
Exploration and production advances include
advanced directional drilling, slimhole drilling, and 3-D
seismic technology. Other segments of the industry have
benefited from technological advances as well. Refineries
are becoming highly automated with integrated process
and energy system controls; this results in improved
operational and environmental performance and enables
refineries to run harder and produce more products safer
than ever before. Also, new process equipment and
catalyst technology advances have been made very
recently to meet new fuel regulations requiring very low
levels of sulfur in gasoline and diesel.
Technology advances such as these are making it
possible for the oil and natural gas industry to grow in
tandem with the nation's energy needs while maintaining
a cleaner environment. The industry is committed to
investing in advanced technologies that will continue to
provide affordable and reliable energy to support our
current quality of life, and expand our economic horizons.
For example, we are researching fuel cells that may
power the vehicles of tomorrow with greater efficiency
and less environmental impact. We are investigating ways
to tap the huge natural gas resources locked in gas
hydrates. Gas hydrates are common in sediments in
the ocean's deep waters where cold temperatures and
high pressures cause natural gas and water to freeze
together, forming solid gas hydrates. Gas hydrates could
be an important future source of natural gas for our nation.
Some of our companies are also investigating
renewable energy resources such as solar, wind,
biomass and geothermal energy. By conducting research
into overcoming the many technological hurdles that limit
these energy resources, they hope to make them more
reliable, affordable and convenient for future use. Although
the potential for these energy resources is great,
scientists do not expect them to be a significant part of
the nation's energy mix for many decades. For this
reason, the industry must continue to invest in
conventional resources such as oil and natural gas. We
will need to rely on these important energy resources for
many decades to come.

In: http://api-ec.api.org/focus/index

Mark the title that best expresses the main idea of the text.

Alternativas
Comentários
  • a) wrong, the text not even brings up about automobiles;

    b)wrong, The proposal of the text is to to argument how to reduce energy consumption, though it is brough up in some lines down the text.

    c) wrong, If this was the right the text would not be foccused on talking about natural gas n' oil industry, but just about the role of tecnologies of all kinds of environmental benefits as a whole.

    d) right, the text discuss about impact of technology specially on gas industry n' oil scope.

    e) wrong, although the text discuss about refinerie in down lines the text, it does not performs the main role in the text.

  • d-

    O texto define a função da tecnologia como uma alternativa a exploração de petróleo e seus derivados de forma amigavel ao ambiente, e como essas implementações afetarão o cenário desta industria. 

     


ID
6424
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MTE
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below which is entitled "The future of work" in
order to answer questions 21 to 24.

The future of work

Source: Newsweek
Jan 30th, 2006 (Adapted)

Many of the rich world’s notions about old age are dying.
While the streamlining effects of international competition
are focusing attention on the need to create and keep good
jobs, those fears will eventually give way to worries about
the growing shortage of young workers. One unavoidable
solution: putting older people back to work, whether they
like it or not. Indeed, cutting-edge European economies
like those of Finland and Denmark have already raised
their retirement ages, reversing the postwar trend toward
ever-earlier retirement. Others are under severe pressure
to follow suit, as both the European Commission and the
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
(OECD) have recently warned their members that their
future prosperity depends on a growing contribution from
the elderly.
This erosion of one of the cornerstones of the good
life – relaxed golden years – has not gone unremarked. In
the last year, Belgium, Italy and France have all been hit
with massive protests against pension reforms that would,
among other things, have raised the retirement age.

The author calls the readers' attention to the

Alternativas
Comentários
  • a resposta está em "...worries about the growing shortage of young workers."

    shortage = lack = falta, escassez.

    [letra A]

    Bons estudos, Elton
  • Remarkable.  Notável, notório.

  • A-

     lack of young staff - shortage of young workers. 

     

    shortage - dearth, deficit, lack, scarcity, paucity, scantiness, want.


ID
6427
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MTE
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below which is entitled "The future of work" in
order to answer questions 21 to 24.

The future of work

Source: Newsweek
Jan 30th, 2006 (Adapted)

Many of the rich world’s notions about old age are dying.
While the streamlining effects of international competition
are focusing attention on the need to create and keep good
jobs, those fears will eventually give way to worries about
the growing shortage of young workers. One unavoidable
solution: putting older people back to work, whether they
like it or not. Indeed, cutting-edge European economies
like those of Finland and Denmark have already raised
their retirement ages, reversing the postwar trend toward
ever-earlier retirement. Others are under severe pressure
to follow suit, as both the European Commission and the
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
(OECD) have recently warned their members that their
future prosperity depends on a growing contribution from
the elderly.
This erosion of one of the cornerstones of the good
life – relaxed golden years – has not gone unremarked. In
the last year, Belgium, Italy and France have all been hit
with massive protests against pension reforms that would,
among other things, have raised the retirement age.

In relation to the retirement ages, two specific countries have

Alternativas
Comentários
  • Fundamentação no texto:
    "Finland and Denmark have already raised
    their retirement ages..."
  • a) wrong, reinforce does not means "raise", but to: sustain,champion,advocate,underpin,uphold,back - all those words are synonym of the word "reinforce" which means to intensificate something already marked.

    b) wrong, decreise isn't a synonym of raise, but: lessen, abate, abridge, dwindle, dim, retrench (cost), slash, curtail, mitigate, cut back. all those words are synonym od decreising.

    c) wrong, not extend is the opposite of extende which's also the opposite for "raise"

    d) wrong, althought "reduce" means beat,overthrow,subdue, rout - all those words can have an implicit sense related to the words "decreising".

    e) right, increase and raise are synonym, as well as augment, hike, surge, deepen.

  • e-

     Indeed, cutting-edge European economies like those of Finland and Denmark (the two specific countries) have already raised (increased) their retirement ages


ID
6430
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MTE
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below which is entitled "The future of work" in
order to answer questions 21 to 24.

The future of work

Source: Newsweek
Jan 30th, 2006 (Adapted)

Many of the rich world’s notions about old age are dying.
While the streamlining effects of international competition
are focusing attention on the need to create and keep good
jobs, those fears will eventually give way to worries about
the growing shortage of young workers. One unavoidable
solution: putting older people back to work, whether they
like it or not. Indeed, cutting-edge European economies
like those of Finland and Denmark have already raised
their retirement ages, reversing the postwar trend toward
ever-earlier retirement. Others are under severe pressure
to follow suit, as both the European Commission and the
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
(OECD) have recently warned their members that their
future prosperity depends on a growing contribution from
the elderly.
This erosion of one of the cornerstones of the good
life – relaxed golden years – has not gone unremarked. In
the last year, Belgium, Italy and France have all been hit
with massive protests against pension reforms that would,
among other things, have raised the retirement age.

According to the text,

Alternativas
Comentários
  • A idéia geral do texto nos leva à questão C. Shift = change.A mudança principal é quanto à noção de que a aponsentar mais cedo é algo benéfico para a sociedade. Pode ser para o individuo, mas não para a sociedade."Many of the rich world’s notions about old age are dying...One unavoidable solution: putting older people back to work, whether theylike it or not."
  • c-

    The "shift" alluded to in the question concerns the conventionally-held belief that the elderly wil withdraw from the work force as soon as their age beckons their retirement. In light of the dearth of younger replacement, work positions will have to be staffed by people who would otherwise be enjoying life as a pensioner. 

     


ID
6433
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MTE
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below which is entitled "The future of work" in
order to answer questions 21 to 24.

The future of work

Source: Newsweek
Jan 30th, 2006 (Adapted)

Many of the rich world’s notions about old age are dying.
While the streamlining effects of international competition
are focusing attention on the need to create and keep good
jobs, those fears will eventually give way to worries about
the growing shortage of young workers. One unavoidable
solution: putting older people back to work, whether they
like it or not. Indeed, cutting-edge European economies
like those of Finland and Denmark have already raised
their retirement ages, reversing the postwar trend toward
ever-earlier retirement. Others are under severe pressure
to follow suit, as both the European Commission and the
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
(OECD) have recently warned their members that their
future prosperity depends on a growing contribution from
the elderly.
This erosion of one of the cornerstones of the good
life – relaxed golden years – has not gone unremarked. In
the last year, Belgium, Italy and France have all been hit
with massive protests against pension reforms that would,
among other things, have raised the retirement age.

Finland and Denmark are described as "cutting-edge economies", which means they are considered

Alternativas
Comentários
  • Finland and Denmark are considered extremely modern and advanced.cutting-edge seria como avançar com rapidez, ser proatividade, moderno (à frente do seu tempo).
  • cutting-edge - de ponta, de última geração.
  • b-

    cutting edge - innovative, vanguard, avant-garde, state of the art, newfangled, advanced.


ID
6436
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MTE
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below which is entitled “The global union” in
order to answer questions 25 to 27.

The global union
Source: Newsweek Special Edition
Dec 2005 – Feb 2006 (Adapted)

What would a global union look like? Think more
corporate partnership than class struggle. Today, capital is
global and employers are global. Companies, not countries,
make the rules. To survive, unions need to find their niche.
Global companies are going to need an organization that,
in a sense, will manage their labor and protect workers’
rights. A global union would set standard practices and
codes of conduct – perhaps even minimum wages and
work hours.
My critics in the labor movement cringe when I use
words like “partnership” and “value added”. The reality is
that unions need to add value or corporations will ignore
us. If we want an equitable stake in the company, we need
to define what our goals are. We can’t just demand a raise
in pay without offering an incentive to the company. We’re
already far behind multinational corporations in the global
game. We made the mistake of transferring the industrial
model of unionism of the last country to the 21st. We lost
market share: in 1960, one in four workers was in a union;
now it’s one in 12.

In paragraph 1, the author

Alternativas
Comentários
  • O autor descreve (depicts) algumas características (features) do sindicalismo global. letra b.
  • b-

    Among the traits of a global union gleaned from the text are: emphasis on corporation-driven partnership and sense of globalism for workers' regulations and protection.


ID
6439
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MTE
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below which is entitled “The global union” in
order to answer questions 25 to 27.

The global union
Source: Newsweek Special Edition
Dec 2005 – Feb 2006 (Adapted)

What would a global union look like? Think more
corporate partnership than class struggle. Today, capital is
global and employers are global. Companies, not countries,
make the rules. To survive, unions need to find their niche.
Global companies are going to need an organization that,
in a sense, will manage their labor and protect workers’
rights. A global union would set standard practices and
codes of conduct – perhaps even minimum wages and
work hours.
My critics in the labor movement cringe when I use
words like “partnership” and “value added”. The reality is
that unions need to add value or corporations will ignore
us. If we want an equitable stake in the company, we need
to define what our goals are. We can’t just demand a raise
in pay without offering an incentive to the company. We’re
already far behind multinational corporations in the global
game. We made the mistake of transferring the industrial
model of unionism of the last country to the 21st. We lost
market share: in 1960, one in four workers was in a union;
now it’s one in 12.

Paragraph 2 of the text allows us to discover that the writer is

Alternativas
Comentários
  • It is letter d

    a) WRONG, once he uses "we"  - what allows us to understand he's one of them, a critic would say:

    A union can’t just demand a raise in pay without offering an incentive to the company.  / not we can't

    b) WRONG - he's not loner once he r, as he eefers himself as "we" what purposes there's someone else with him.

    c) WRONG he's nota critical for the line explained above, and is not from a multinational (as he explixits on the text) =

    We’re already far behind multinational corporations if he's far behind from a multinational, he does not belong to it

    e) WRONG If we want an equitable stake in the company This passage makes us to understand he as the others searchs for a equitable stake in the company, a stakeholder, as the name says, has already got such position

    d) RIGHT he shows in the first and second paragraph the benefits and values that must be got for both company and employers for their well

     

  • Resposta: d
    Paragraph 2 of the text allows us to discover that the writer is a unionist who seeks the best for workers and the company.
    Tradução: O segundo parágrafo do texto nos permite descobrir que o escritor é um sindicalista que busca o melhor para os trabalhadores e a empresa.
    Minha conclusão foi baseada no fato de o autor ter se referido muito à primeira pessoa do plural, no segundo parágrafo. Vejam:
    "The reality is that unions need to add value or corporations will ignore us. If we want an equitable stake in the company, we need to define what our goals are. We can’t just demand a raise in pay without offering an incentive to the company." 
    Tradução: A realidade é que os sindicatos precisam adicionar valor ou as corporações vão nos ignorar. Se queremos uma participação equitativa na empresa, precisamos definir quais são nossos objetivos. Não podemos simplesmente exigir um aumento de salário sem oferecer um incentivo para a empresa.
  • Discordo do gabarito . Não existe parte alguma do texto em que se fala que e o autor " procura o melhor para as empresas". Não existe opção correta.
  • Com relação ao comentário do 'andre', dois trechos do texto que suportam o gabarito:

     

    "The reality is that unions need to add value or corporations will ignore us."

    "We can’t just demand a raise in pay without offering an incentive to the company."

  • d-

    Ha traços de pessoalidade no 2° parágrafo, os quais revelam as empresas ignorarão "eles", uma referência às pessoas que fazem parte do union.


ID
6442
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MTE
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below which is entitled “The global union” in
order to answer questions 25 to 27.

The global union
Source: Newsweek Special Edition
Dec 2005 – Feb 2006 (Adapted)

What would a global union look like? Think more
corporate partnership than class struggle. Today, capital is
global and employers are global. Companies, not countries,
make the rules. To survive, unions need to find their niche.
Global companies are going to need an organization that,
in a sense, will manage their labor and protect workers’
rights. A global union would set standard practices and
codes of conduct – perhaps even minimum wages and
work hours.
My critics in the labor movement cringe when I use
words like “partnership” and “value added”. The reality is
that unions need to add value or corporations will ignore
us. If we want an equitable stake in the company, we need
to define what our goals are. We can’t just demand a raise
in pay without offering an incentive to the company. We’re
already far behind multinational corporations in the global
game. We made the mistake of transferring the industrial
model of unionism of the last country to the 21st. We lost
market share: in 1960, one in four workers was in a union;
now it’s one in 12.

According to the text, the number of workers affiliated to a union has

Alternativas
Comentários
  • c) fallen

    .. We lost market share: in 1960, one in four workers was in a union; now it’s one in 12.

     

  • c-

    A proporção de trabalhadores diminuiu: We lost market share: in 1960, one in four workers was in a union; now it’s one in 12.


ID
6445
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MTE
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below which is entitled “The perils of
prosperity” in order to answer questions 28 to 30.

The perils of prosperity
Source: The Economist
April 27th 2006 (Adapted)

Midway through the first decade of the 21st century,
economic growth is pulling millions out of poverty. Growth,
so devoutly desired yet often so elusive for developing
countries, is occurring in China and India on a heroic scale.
Yet once affluence is achieved, its value is often questioned.
In the 1960s and 1970s, economists started worrying about
environmental and social limits to growth. Now Avner Offer,
professor of economic history at Oxford University, has
added a weighty new critique to this tradition.
“The Challenge of Affluence” accepts that the
populations of poor countries gain from growth, but says
that the main benefits of prosperity are achieved at quite
modest levels. Its central thesis is that rising living standards
in Britain and America have engendered impatience, which
undermines well-being. The fruits of affluence are bitter
ones, and include addiction, obesity, family breakdown and
mental disorders.

According to Professor Avner Offer, affluence

Alternativas
Comentários
  • letra a) The fruits of affluence are bitter ones, and include addiction, obesity, family breakdown and mental disorders.
  • Complementando a resposta anterior, segue a tradução de algumas palavras:
    1) Perils - perigos.
    2) Midway - meio do caminho.
    3) Pullin millions out of poverty - tirando milhões da pobreza (phrasal verb).
    4) Devoutly desired - fervorosamente desejado.
    5) Elusive - enganador.
    6) Weight new critique - nova crítica de peso.
    7) Engendered - gerado.
    8) Undermines - enfraquece.
    9) Bitter - amargo.
    Espero ter ajudado.
  • *Elusive - (adj.) hard to find or achieve.
  • Thank´s Bruno Garcia.

  • Thank very much indeed!

  • a-

    The author proposes a model of wealth seeking that doesn't encroach on affluent levels, only limited by marginal gains without veering into excesses such as obesity, dissolution of the family, addiction, mental disorders and impatience.


ID
6448
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MTE
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below which is entitled “The perils of
prosperity” in order to answer questions 28 to 30.

The perils of prosperity
Source: The Economist
April 27th 2006 (Adapted)

Midway through the first decade of the 21st century,
economic growth is pulling millions out of poverty. Growth,
so devoutly desired yet often so elusive for developing
countries, is occurring in China and India on a heroic scale.
Yet once affluence is achieved, its value is often questioned.
In the 1960s and 1970s, economists started worrying about
environmental and social limits to growth. Now Avner Offer,
professor of economic history at Oxford University, has
added a weighty new critique to this tradition.
“The Challenge of Affluence” accepts that the
populations of poor countries gain from growth, but says
that the main benefits of prosperity are achieved at quite
modest levels. Its central thesis is that rising living standards
in Britain and America have engendered impatience, which
undermines well-being. The fruits of affluence are bitter
ones, and include addiction, obesity, family breakdown and
mental disorders.

Professor Offer´s new critique is described as weighty. Therefore,

Alternativas
Comentários
  • Weight = pesado >>> esta palavra é usada para indicar a importância da opinião do professor: "opinião de peso", "crítica relevante"

    Gabarito: D

  • d-

    weighty (nesse contexto)- considerable, important, influential, meaningful, powerful, valuable.


ID
6451
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MTE
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below which is entitled “The perils of
prosperity” in order to answer questions 28 to 30.

The perils of prosperity
Source: The Economist
April 27th 2006 (Adapted)

Midway through the first decade of the 21st century,
economic growth is pulling millions out of poverty. Growth,
so devoutly desired yet often so elusive for developing
countries, is occurring in China and India on a heroic scale.
Yet once affluence is achieved, its value is often questioned.
In the 1960s and 1970s, economists started worrying about
environmental and social limits to growth. Now Avner Offer,
professor of economic history at Oxford University, has
added a weighty new critique to this tradition.
“The Challenge of Affluence” accepts that the
populations of poor countries gain from growth, but says
that the main benefits of prosperity are achieved at quite
modest levels. Its central thesis is that rising living standards
in Britain and America have engendered impatience, which
undermines well-being. The fruits of affluence are bitter
ones, and include addiction, obesity, family breakdown and
mental disorders.

According to the text,

Alternativas
Comentários
  • a) WRONG - When the text emphasizes "poor societies" it includes all poor countries in the grow when it is only China and India.

    B) WRONG - The text doesn't says affluence erodes working value, but that its fruits are bitter.

    C) RIGHT - some nation, which refers to China and India.

    D) WRONG - It is not mentioned in the text.

    E) WRONG - It is not mentioned in the text

  • c-

    Acordo com o texto, o benefício é a remoção de pessoas da probreza e as nações sao China e India.

     

    Midway through the first decade of the 21st century, economic growth is pulling millions out of poverty. Growth, so devoutly desired yet often so elusive for developing countries, is occurring in China and India on a heroic scale.


ID
6964
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
CGU
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below entitled "Job Outlook" in order to
answer questions 21 to 23.

Job Outlook
Source: www.bls.gov
20th Dec 2005 (Adapted)

Competition for budget analyst jobs is expected over
the 2004-14 projection period. Candidates with a master's
degree should have the best job opportunities. Familiarity
with computer fi nancial software packages also should
enhance a jobseeker's employment prospects.
Employment of budget analysts is expected to
grow about as fast as the average for all occupations
through 2014. Employment growth will be driven by the
continuing demand for sound fi nancial analysis in both the
public and the private sectors. In addition to employment
growth, many job openings will result from the need to
replace experienced budget analysts who transfer to other
occupations or leave the labor force.

In paragraph 1, the author

Alternativas
Comentários
  • fundamentação no texto:
    .
    "...Candidates with a master's degree SHOULD HAVE THE BEST JOB OPPORTUNITIES..."
    .
    =]
  • Que papo é esse, cara??

    Gabarito E, para quem não é assinante.

  • e-

    Candidates with a master's degree should have the best job opportunities.


ID
6967
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
CGU
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below entitled "Job Outlook" in order to
answer questions 21 to 23.

Job Outlook
Source: www.bls.gov
20th Dec 2005 (Adapted)

Competition for budget analyst jobs is expected over
the 2004-14 projection period. Candidates with a master's
degree should have the best job opportunities. Familiarity
with computer fi nancial software packages also should
enhance a jobseeker's employment prospects.
Employment of budget analysts is expected to
grow about as fast as the average for all occupations
through 2014. Employment growth will be driven by the
continuing demand for sound fi nancial analysis in both the
public and the private sectors. In addition to employment
growth, many job openings will result from the need to
replace experienced budget analysts who transfer to other
occupations or leave the labor force.

In paragraph 2, the author refers to "the continuing demand for sound fi nancial analysis in both the public and the private sectors." Therefore, this analysis should be

Alternativas
Comentários
  • ....the continuing demand for [sound] financial analysis...assim (therefore) as "sound financial analysis" são confiáveis e efetivas
  • c-

    sound (adj) - wholesome, safe, fit, defect-free, reliable


ID
6970
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
CGU
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below entitled "Job Outlook" in order to
answer questions 21 to 23.

Job Outlook
Source: www.bls.gov
20th Dec 2005 (Adapted)

Competition for budget analyst jobs is expected over
the 2004-14 projection period. Candidates with a master's
degree should have the best job opportunities. Familiarity
with computer fi nancial software packages also should
enhance a jobseeker's employment prospects.
Employment of budget analysts is expected to
grow about as fast as the average for all occupations
through 2014. Employment growth will be driven by the
continuing demand for sound fi nancial analysis in both the
public and the private sectors. In addition to employment
growth, many job openings will result from the need to
replace experienced budget analysts who transfer to other
occupations or leave the labor force.

In paragraph 2, the text mentions the rise in

Alternativas
Comentários
  • a-

    Employment of budget analysts is expected to grow about as fast as the average for all occupations through 2014.


ID
6973
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
CGU
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below which is entitled "A modest proposal"
in order to answer questions 24 to 26.

A modest proposal
Source: www.economist.com

14 Dec 2005 (Adapted)
          What on earth is the European Union budget for? It
is too small (taking up just over 1% of EU-wide GDP) to
have any serious effect. To judge by the wrangling before
this week's EU summit in Brussels, it has become mostly
an opportunity for countries to air their pet grievances
and to demand their money back. If there is a deal on the
budget this week, it will be an agreement reached for its
own sake, because EU leaders cannot bear to be blamed
for yet another summit failure. And if there is no deal, it will
similarly be a disagreement for its own sake - because
France rather likes the idea of putting Britain, which holds
the rotating EU presidency, in the dock for one more
fi nancial fi asco.
          Yet if there was ever a good moment to think hard
about how the budget might be better designed to
advance the Union's stated aims, it ought to be now. The
"fi nancial perspective" is negotiated once every six years.
That ought to create enough time to step back a bit and
consider some fi rst principles. The present negotiation
is also the fi rst since French and Dutch voters rejected
the EU constitution this summer, creating another good
opportunity to ask whether the club is still spending its
money on the right things. What would a budget look like if
it took the EU's goals at all seriously?

According to the text, the European Union budget

Alternativas
Comentários
  • a) errada: não pode totalizar, totaliza...

    b) errada: o texto não fala de influência econômica

    c) errada: o texto não fala sobre áreas pobres

    d) errada: o evento é realizado a cada seis anos/ o texto não fala a data de seu início

    e) certa: is going to be looked into and negotiated.

    Tradução: vai ser analisada e negociada.

    Em várias passagens do texto há o emprego do modal "will", indicando que ocorrerá um evento para se discutir questões acerca do orçamento da UE.

  • e-

    If there is a deal on the budget this week, it will be an agreement reached for its own sake, because EU leaders cannot bear to be blamed for yet another summit failure


ID
6976
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
CGU
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below which is entitled "A modest proposal"
in order to answer questions 24 to 26.

A modest proposal
Source: www.economist.com

14 Dec 2005 (Adapted)
          What on earth is the European Union budget for? It
is too small (taking up just over 1% of EU-wide GDP) to
have any serious effect. To judge by the wrangling before
this week's EU summit in Brussels, it has become mostly
an opportunity for countries to air their pet grievances
and to demand their money back. If there is a deal on the
budget this week, it will be an agreement reached for its
own sake, because EU leaders cannot bear to be blamed
for yet another summit failure. And if there is no deal, it will
similarly be a disagreement for its own sake - because
France rather likes the idea of putting Britain, which holds
the rotating EU presidency, in the dock for one more
fi nancial fi asco.
          Yet if there was ever a good moment to think hard
about how the budget might be better designed to
advance the Union's stated aims, it ought to be now. The
"fi nancial perspective" is negotiated once every six years.
That ought to create enough time to step back a bit and
consider some fi rst principles. The present negotiation
is also the fi rst since French and Dutch voters rejected
the EU constitution this summer, creating another good
opportunity to ask whether the club is still spending its
money on the right things. What would a budget look like if
it took the EU's goals at all seriously?

In paragraph 1, the author refers to "the wrangling before this week's EU summit", which denotes an atmosphere which is

Alternativas
Comentários
  • Wrangling = to engage in argument or controversy
  • Resolvi a questão através da dedução. Não sei esse vocabulário rebuscado. Então eu vi que o texto tratava de algo negativo, logo eliminei as alternativas a,c, d e e que eram positivas, sobrou apenas a "b" que significa coisas negativas e é a resposta correta.

  • b-

    wrangle - quarrel, contend, bout, have words, contest, bust-up, angrily dispute something


ID
6979
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
CGU
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below which is entitled "A modest proposal"
in order to answer questions 24 to 26.

A modest proposal
Source: www.economist.com

14 Dec 2005 (Adapted)
          What on earth is the European Union budget for? It
is too small (taking up just over 1% of EU-wide GDP) to
have any serious effect. To judge by the wrangling before
this week's EU summit in Brussels, it has become mostly
an opportunity for countries to air their pet grievances
and to demand their money back. If there is a deal on the
budget this week, it will be an agreement reached for its
own sake, because EU leaders cannot bear to be blamed
for yet another summit failure. And if there is no deal, it will
similarly be a disagreement for its own sake - because
France rather likes the idea of putting Britain, which holds
the rotating EU presidency, in the dock for one more
fi nancial fi asco.
          Yet if there was ever a good moment to think hard
about how the budget might be better designed to
advance the Union's stated aims, it ought to be now. The
"fi nancial perspective" is negotiated once every six years.
That ought to create enough time to step back a bit and
consider some fi rst principles. The present negotiation
is also the fi rst since French and Dutch voters rejected
the EU constitution this summer, creating another good
opportunity to ask whether the club is still spending its
money on the right things. What would a budget look like if
it took the EU's goals at all seriously?

In relation to the "fi nancial perspective" mentioned in paragraph 2,

Alternativas
Comentários
  • fundamentação da resposta no texto:
    "Yet if there was..., IT OUGHT TO BE NOW..."
    =]
  • e-

    Yet if there was ever a good moment to think hard about how the budget might be better designed to advance the Union's stated aims, it ought to be now.


ID
6982
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
CGU
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below which is entitled "Congress Caps
another Disappointing Year" in order to answer questions
27 to 30.

Congress Caps another Disappointing Year
Source: www.aaas.org
4th January 2006 (Adapted)

On December 30, nearly three months into the fi scal
year, President Bush signed the last two Fiscal Year
2006 appropriations bills into law, bringing the FY 2006
appropriation process to a close. The American Association
for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) estimates that the
federal Research & Development (R&D) portfolio totals
$134.8 billion in 2006, a $2.2 billion or 1.7 percent increase.
But 97 percent of the increase goes to just two specifi c
areas: defense weapons development and human space
exploration technologies. Funding for all other federal
R&D programs collectively will barely increase, and will fall
nearly 2 percent after adjusting for infl ation. Leaving out
large federal investments in development, congressional
appropriations for basic and applied research total $57.0
billion, an increase of $1.0 billion or 1.8 percent over
2005. But NASA applied research on human space fl ight
technologies accounts for a majority of the increase,
leaving most agency research portfolios with modest
increases falling short of infl ation, or cuts. Many fl agship
federal science agencies have disappointing budgets in
2006.

According to the author, the area of defense weapons development

Alternativas
Comentários
  • No 2º parágrafo é possível localizar o seguinte trecho:
    "But 97 percent of the increase goes to just two specific areas: defense weapons development and human space exploration technologies." Tradução: mas 97% dos aumentos foi alocado para duas áreas específicas: desenvolvimento de armas de defesa e tecnologias de exploração humana do espaço. Quanto às alternativas:
    a) has not seen an increase in its budget. Tradução: não foi contemplado com um aumento no seu orçamento.
    b) should have received a significant increase. Tradução: deveria ter recebido um aumento significativo.
    c) would have to be broadened and researched in 2006. Tradução: poderia ser ampliado e buscado em 2006.
    d) comprises one of the areas whose budget has risen. Tradução: compreende uma das áreas cujo orçamento foi aumentado.
    e) has had its budget halved in 2006. Tradução: teve o seu orçamento reduzido à metade em 2006.
    ALTERNATIVA D.
  • d-

    But 97 percent of the increase goes to just two specific areas: defense weapons development and human space exploration technologies.


ID
6985
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
CGU
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below which is entitled "Congress Caps
another Disappointing Year" in order to answer questions
27 to 30.

Congress Caps another Disappointing Year
Source: www.aaas.org
4th January 2006 (Adapted)

On December 30, nearly three months into the fi scal
year, President Bush signed the last two Fiscal Year
2006 appropriations bills into law, bringing the FY 2006
appropriation process to a close. The American Association
for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) estimates that the
federal Research & Development (R&D) portfolio totals
$134.8 billion in 2006, a $2.2 billion or 1.7 percent increase.
But 97 percent of the increase goes to just two specifi c
areas: defense weapons development and human space
exploration technologies. Funding for all other federal
R&D programs collectively will barely increase, and will fall
nearly 2 percent after adjusting for infl ation. Leaving out
large federal investments in development, congressional
appropriations for basic and applied research total $57.0
billion, an increase of $1.0 billion or 1.8 percent over
2005. But NASA applied research on human space fl ight
technologies accounts for a majority of the increase,
leaving most agency research portfolios with modest
increases falling short of infl ation, or cuts. Many fl agship
federal science agencies have disappointing budgets in
2006.

The author points out that "Funding for all other federal R&D programs collectively will barely increase", which means it will

Alternativas
Comentários
  • barely means - By a very little; hardly: could barely see the road in the fog. (pode dificilmente, com muita dificuldade, ver a estrana na neblina).

    barely increase => hardly rise, hardly increase
  • b-

    barely - scarcely, only just, hardly

    increase- go up, augment, rise


ID
6988
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
CGU
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below which is entitled "Congress Caps
another Disappointing Year" in order to answer questions
27 to 30.

Congress Caps another Disappointing Year
Source: www.aaas.org
4th January 2006 (Adapted)

On December 30, nearly three months into the fi scal
year, President Bush signed the last two Fiscal Year
2006 appropriations bills into law, bringing the FY 2006
appropriation process to a close. The American Association
for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) estimates that the
federal Research & Development (R&D) portfolio totals
$134.8 billion in 2006, a $2.2 billion or 1.7 percent increase.
But 97 percent of the increase goes to just two specifi c
areas: defense weapons development and human space
exploration technologies. Funding for all other federal
R&D programs collectively will barely increase, and will fall
nearly 2 percent after adjusting for infl ation. Leaving out
large federal investments in development, congressional
appropriations for basic and applied research total $57.0
billion, an increase of $1.0 billion or 1.8 percent over
2005. But NASA applied research on human space fl ight
technologies accounts for a majority of the increase,
leaving most agency research portfolios with modest
increases falling short of infl ation, or cuts. Many fl agship
federal science agencies have disappointing budgets in
2006.

The increases given to most agency research portfolios are said to have been

Alternativas
Comentários
  • Funding for all other federal R&D programs collectively will barely increase, and will fall nearly 2 percent after adjusting for infl ation.
    (...) most agency research portfolios with modest increases falling short of infl ation, or cuts.
    • a) rather small. menor
    •  b) comparatively high. comparativamente elevada
    •  c) well-defi ned. = bem definido
    •  d) quite fair. = muito justo
    •  e) relatively big.= relativamente grande
  • Letter A

    See line 16 : A Nasa priorizou mais um tipo de pesquisa do que outra , assim deixou esta bastante menor em termos percentuais!

  • a-

    Funding for all other federal R&D programs collectively will barely increase, and will fall nearly 2 percent after adjusting for infl ation.


ID
6991
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
CGU
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below which is entitled "Congress Caps
another Disappointing Year" in order to answer questions
27 to 30.

Congress Caps another Disappointing Year
Source: www.aaas.org
4th January 2006 (Adapted)

On December 30, nearly three months into the fi scal
year, President Bush signed the last two Fiscal Year
2006 appropriations bills into law, bringing the FY 2006
appropriation process to a close. The American Association
for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) estimates that the
federal Research & Development (R&D) portfolio totals
$134.8 billion in 2006, a $2.2 billion or 1.7 percent increase.
But 97 percent of the increase goes to just two specifi c
areas: defense weapons development and human space
exploration technologies. Funding for all other federal
R&D programs collectively will barely increase, and will fall
nearly 2 percent after adjusting for infl ation. Leaving out
large federal investments in development, congressional
appropriations for basic and applied research total $57.0
billion, an increase of $1.0 billion or 1.8 percent over
2005. But NASA applied research on human space fl ight
technologies accounts for a majority of the increase,
leaving most agency research portfolios with modest
increases falling short of infl ation, or cuts. Many fl agship
federal science agencies have disappointing budgets in
2006.

The text concludes that

Alternativas
Comentários
    •  a) a number of appropriations bills are about to be signed into law. Não é informação contida na conclusão.
    •  b) an increase of $134.8 billion for 2006 investments has been settled. O aumento será de 2,2 bilhões ou 1,7%
    • The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) estimates that the federal Research & Development (R&D) portfolio totals
      $134.8 billion in 2006, a $2.2 billion or 1.7 percent increase.
    •  c) a budgetary rise of $2.2 billion is going to be looked into in 2006. Ele será executado no ano de 2006, e não analisado.
    •  d) the most important federal agencies expected higher budgets in 2006.
    • Many flagship federal science agencies have disappointing budgets in 2006.
    •  e) basic research funding declines might occur throughout 2006.
    • Leaving out large federal investments in development, congressional appropriations for basic and applied research total $57.0 billion, an increase of $1.0 billion or 1.8 percent over 2005.
  • d-

    Funding for all other federal R&D programs collectively will barely increase, and will fall nearly 2 percent after adjusting for inflation. [...]

    But NASA applied research on human space flight technologies accounts for a majority of the increase, leaving most agency research portfolios with modest increases falling short of inflation, or cuts. Many flagship federal science agencies have disappointing budgets in 2006.


ID
7144
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
CGU
Ano
2004
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below in order to answer questions 21
to 24:

Unpicking the fiscal straitjacket

Never has a straitjacket seemed so ill-fitting or so
insecure. The euro area's "stability and growth pact"
was supposed to stop irresponsible member states
from running excessive budget deficits, defined as 3%
of GDP or more. Chief among the restraints was the
threat of large fines if member governments breached
the limit for three years in a row. For some time now,
no one has seriously believed those restraints would
hold. In the early hours of Tuesday November 25th,
the euro's fiscal straitjacket finally came apart at the
seams.
The pact's fate was sealed over an extended
dinner meeting of the euro area's 12 finance
ministers. They chewed over the sorry fiscal record of
the euro's two largest members, France and
Germany. Both governments ran deficits of more than
3% of GDP last year and will do so again this year.
Both expect to breach the limit for the third time in
2004. Earlier this year, the European Commission,
which policies the pact, agreed to give both countries
an extra year, until 2005, to bring their deficits back
into line. But it also instructed them to revisit their
budget plans for 2004 and make extra cuts. France
was asked to cut its underlying, cyclically adjusted
deficit by a full 1% of GDP, Germany by 0.8%. Both
resisted.

Nov 27th, 2003
The Economist Global Agenda

According to the text, the euro pact

Alternativas
Comentários
  • Never has a straitjacket seemed so ill-fitting or so
    insecure. The euro area's "stability and growth pact"
    was supposed to stop irresponsible member states
    from running excessive budget deficits,(LETRA A INCORRETA) defined as 3%
    of GDP or more. Chief among the restraints was the
    threat of large fines if member governments breached
    the limit for three years in a row. For some time now,
    no one has seriously believed those restraints would
    hold. In the early hours of Tuesday November 25th,
    the euro's fiscal straitjacket finally came apart at the
    seams.
    The pact's fate was sealed over an extended
    dinner meeting of the euro area's 12 finance
    ministers. They chewed over the sorry fiscal record of
    the euro's two largest members, France and
    Germany. (LETRA B INCORRETA) Both governments ran deficits of more than
    3% of GDP last year and will do so again this year.
    Both expect to breach the limit for the third time in
    2004. Earlier this year, the European Commission,
    which policies the pact, agreed to give both countries
    an extra year, until 2005, to bring their deficits back

    into line. But it also instructed them to revisit their
    budget plans for 2004 and make extra cuts. France
    was asked to cut its underlying, cyclically adjusted
    deficit by a full 1% of GDP, Germany by 0.8%. Both
    resisted. (LETRA D INCORRETA e LETRA E CORRETA)

    LETRA C - não há esta informação no texto

ID
7150
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
CGU
Ano
2004
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below in order to answer questions 21
to 24:

Unpicking the fiscal straitjacket

Never has a straitjacket seemed so ill-fitting or so
insecure. The euro area's "stability and growth pact"
was supposed to stop irresponsible member states
from running excessive budget deficits, defined as 3%
of GDP or more. Chief among the restraints was the
threat of large fines if member governments breached
the limit for three years in a row. For some time now,
no one has seriously believed those restraints would
hold. In the early hours of Tuesday November 25th,
the euro's fiscal straitjacket finally came apart at the
seams.
The pact's fate was sealed over an extended
dinner meeting of the euro area's 12 finance
ministers. They chewed over the sorry fiscal record of
the euro's two largest members, France and
Germany. Both governments ran deficits of more than
3% of GDP last year and will do so again this year.
Both expect to breach the limit for the third time in
2004. Earlier this year, the European Commission,
which policies the pact, agreed to give both countries
an extra year, until 2005, to bring their deficits back
into line. But it also instructed them to revisit their
budget plans for 2004 and make extra cuts. France
was asked to cut its underlying, cyclically adjusted
deficit by a full 1% of GDP, Germany by 0.8%. Both
resisted.

Nov 27th, 2003
The Economist Global Agenda

In paragraph 2, Germany and France are referred to as

Alternativas
Comentários
  • The pact's fate was sealed over an extended dinner meeting of the euro area's 12 finance ministers. They chewed over the sorry fiscal record of
    the euro's two largest members(letra d incorreta), France and Germany. Both governments ran deficits of more than 3% of GDP last year and will do so again this year (letra a correta e c incorreta)Both expect to breach the limit for the third time in 2004. Earlier this year, the European Commission (letra b incorreta)which policies the pact, agreed to give both countries an extra year, until 2005, to bring their deficits (letra e incorreta)back into line. But it also instructed them to revisit their budget plans for 2004 and make extra cuts (letra e incorreta). France was asked to cut its underlying, cyclically adjusted deficit  (letra e incorreta) by a full 1% of GDP, Germany by 0.8%. Both resisted.
  • We can find the answer right in this part:

     

    They chewed over the sorry fiscal record of
    the euro's two largest members, France and
    Germany. Both governments ran deficits of more than
    3% of GDP last year and will do so again this year.

    Both expect to breach the limit for the third time in
    2004. 

     

    Letter A, therefore.

     

     


ID
7153
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
CGU
Ano
2004
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below in order to answer questions 21
to 24:

Unpicking the fiscal straitjacket

Never has a straitjacket seemed so ill-fitting or so
insecure. The euro area's "stability and growth pact"
was supposed to stop irresponsible member states
from running excessive budget deficits, defined as 3%
of GDP or more. Chief among the restraints was the
threat of large fines if member governments breached
the limit for three years in a row. For some time now,
no one has seriously believed those restraints would
hold. In the early hours of Tuesday November 25th,
the euro's fiscal straitjacket finally came apart at the
seams.
The pact's fate was sealed over an extended
dinner meeting of the euro area's 12 finance
ministers. They chewed over the sorry fiscal record of
the euro's two largest members, France and
Germany. Both governments ran deficits of more than
3% of GDP last year and will do so again this year.
Both expect to breach the limit for the third time in
2004. Earlier this year, the European Commission,
which policies the pact, agreed to give both countries
an extra year, until 2005, to bring their deficits back
into line. But it also instructed them to revisit their
budget plans for 2004 and make extra cuts. France
was asked to cut its underlying, cyclically adjusted
deficit by a full 1% of GDP, Germany by 0.8%. Both
resisted.

Nov 27th, 2003
The Economist Global Agenda

According to the author, Tuesday November 25th is the day on which the euro pact

Alternativas
Comentários
  • In the early hours of Tuesday November 25th, the euro's fiscal straitjacket finally came apart at the seams = Nas primeiras horas da terça-feira, 25 de novembro, a camisa de força fiscal do euro finalmente se desfez na costuras.

    a) was at last enforced = foi aplicada afinal

    b) was finally signed = foi finalmente assinada

    c) proved its ineffectiveness = comprovou sua ineficácia (GABARITO)

    d) finally acquired legitimacy = finalmente adquiriu legitimidade

    e) was at last respected = foi respeitada afinal


ID
7156
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
CGU
Ano
2004
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below in order to answer questions 25
to 28:

Brazil's Central Bank Rate Vote Underscores
Division

Two of the Brazilian central bank's nine-member
board called for a smaller interest rate cut last week
than policy makers approved, underscoring
disagreement over the pace of a recovery in Brazil
and its effect on inflation.
The vote, the first show of dissent since Henrique
Meirelles became the bank's president, may signal
that the bank may be less inclined to lower the
benchmark lending rate in coming months after
cutting it six times since June.
The board said in minutes of the meeting
distributed today that its vote to lower the overnight
target rate to 17.5 percent from 19 percent was aimed
at giving a boost to an economy that suffered its
biggest back-to-back quarterly contractions in seven
years between April and September.

Internet : www.bloomberg.com
Accessed in Nov/2003

In paragraph 1, the text refers to an interest rate cut which

Alternativas
Comentários
  • Primeiro parágrafo:
    Two of the Brazilian central bank's nine-member board called for a smaller interest rate cut last week than policy makers approved, underscoring disagreement over the pace of a recovery in Brazil and its effect on inflation.
    Tradução do parágrafo:
    Dois dos nove membros da cúpula do Banco Central do Brasil votaram por uma pequena diminuição da taxa de juros além daquela aprovada na semana passada pelos formuladores de políticas, revelando desentendimentos quanto ao passo da recuperação do Brasil bem como os seus efeitos (da taxa de juros) sobre a inflação.
    ALTERNATIVA D was not established by consensus


     


ID
7159
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
CGU
Ano
2004
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below in order to answer questions 25
to 28:

Brazil's Central Bank Rate Vote Underscores
Division

Two of the Brazilian central bank's nine-member
board called for a smaller interest rate cut last week
than policy makers approved, underscoring
disagreement over the pace of a recovery in Brazil
and its effect on inflation.
The vote, the first show of dissent since Henrique
Meirelles became the bank's president, may signal
that the bank may be less inclined to lower the
benchmark lending rate in coming months after
cutting it six times since June.
The board said in minutes of the meeting
distributed today that its vote to lower the overnight
target rate to 17.5 percent from 19 percent was aimed
at giving a boost to an economy that suffered its
biggest back-to-back quarterly contractions in seven
years between April and September.

Internet : www.bloomberg.com
Accessed in Nov/2003

In paragraph 3, the author refers to

Alternativas
Comentários
  • Resposta: c
    In paragraph 3, the author refers to consecutive economic contractions.
    No parágrafo 3, o autor refere-se a consecutivas contrações econômicas.
    Texto: The board said in minutes of the meeting that its vote to lower the rate to 17.5 percent from 19 percent was aimed at giving a boost to an economy that suffered its biggest quarterly contractions in seven years between April and September.
    Tradução: O conselho disse em ata da reunião que o seu voto para diminuir a taxa de 19% para 17,5% visou proporcionar um impulso a uma economia que sofreu suas maiores contrações trimestrais em sete anos, entre abril e setembro.

ID
7162
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
CGU
Ano
2004
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below in order to answer questions 25
to 28:

Brazil's Central Bank Rate Vote Underscores
Division

Two of the Brazilian central bank's nine-member
board called for a smaller interest rate cut last week
than policy makers approved, underscoring
disagreement over the pace of a recovery in Brazil
and its effect on inflation.
The vote, the first show of dissent since Henrique
Meirelles became the bank's president, may signal
that the bank may be less inclined to lower the
benchmark lending rate in coming months after
cutting it six times since June.
The board said in minutes of the meeting
distributed today that its vote to lower the overnight
target rate to 17.5 percent from 19 percent was aimed
at giving a boost to an economy that suffered its
biggest back-to-back quarterly contractions in seven
years between April and September.

Internet : www.bloomberg.com
Accessed in Nov/2003

According to the text, Brazil's central bank rate vote demonstrates

Alternativas
Comentários
  • De cara excluímos logo as opções C,D e E, ficando as opções A e B, porém analisando o texto mais cuidadosamente fica claro que a opção B confrontation não se encaixa no sentido do texto que é o de "desagreement", ou discordância.
  • Gabarito A.

    O trecho do texto que confirma o gabarito é:

    "The vote, the first show of dissent since Henrique Meirelles...."

    dissent = discordar; diferir em opiniões


ID
7165
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
CGU
Ano
2004
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below in order to answer questions 25
to 28:

Brazil's Central Bank Rate Vote Underscores
Division

Two of the Brazilian central bank's nine-member
board called for a smaller interest rate cut last week
than policy makers approved, underscoring
disagreement over the pace of a recovery in Brazil
and its effect on inflation.
The vote, the first show of dissent since Henrique
Meirelles became the bank's president, may signal
that the bank may be less inclined to lower the
benchmark lending rate in coming months after
cutting it six times since June.
The board said in minutes of the meeting
distributed today that its vote to lower the overnight
target rate to 17.5 percent from 19 percent was aimed
at giving a boost to an economy that suffered its
biggest back-to-back quarterly contractions in seven
years between April and September.

Internet : www.bloomberg.com
Accessed in Nov/2003

The text

Alternativas
Comentários
  • a) underscores the sudden recovery of Brazil's economy = ressalta a repentina recuperação da economia brasileira.

    b) reports decisions concerning interest rate reductions = relata as decisões relativas à redução das taxas de juros. (GABARITO)

    c) points out the sharp fall in Brazil's inflationary rates = aponta a queda acentuada das taxas de inflação no Brasil.

    d) refers to a decision supported by the World Bank = refere-se a uma decisão apoiada pelo Banco Mundial.

    e) emphasizes the urgent need of interest rate cuts = enfatiza a necessidade urgente de cortes nas taxas de juros.


ID
7168
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
CGU
Ano
2004
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below in order to answer questions 29
and 30:

Responsibility of Accountants and Auditors

How can accountants and auditors help in this
anticorruption drive? First of all, accountants are the
first set of gatekeepers to ensure that transactions are
valid, at arm's-length, captured, and properly
recorded according to established standards.
Secondly, "as professionals with a duty to protect the
public interest, they are bound by rigorous codes of
professional and personal ethics calling for the
highest levels of integrity and objectivity". Thirdly,
"their key strategic positions within an enterprise or
organization - whether in an internal position or as an
external auditor or adviser - mean that they very
often have access to highly privileged and confidential
information."(Frank Harding: "Corruption: Rising to the
Challenge", IFAC - May/1999.)
Both accountants and auditors perform their
respective functions on the bases of national and
international standards of practice which have clear
guidelines in identifying, for instance, indicators of
fraud and other irregularities, and reporting these to
the highest levels of authority.

Internet: www.guyanajournal.com
Accessed in Nov/2003

According to the author, integrity and objectivity are

Alternativas
Comentários
  • a) regarded as questionable principles = visto como práticas questionáveis

    b) considered disruptive elements = considerados elementos disruptivos

    c) seen as disregarded principles = visto como princípios desconsiderados

    d) to be observed and maintained = devem ser observados e mantidos (GABARITO)

    Secondly, "as professionals with a duty to protect the public interest, they are bound by rigorous codes of professional and personal ethics calling for the highest levels of integrity and objectivity" (= exigem os mais elevados níveis de integridade e objetividade)

    e) considered antagonistic principles = considerados princípios antagônicos


ID
7171
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
CGU
Ano
2004
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below in order to answer questions 29
and 30:

Responsibility of Accountants and Auditors

How can accountants and auditors help in this
anticorruption drive? First of all, accountants are the
first set of gatekeepers to ensure that transactions are
valid, at arm's-length, captured, and properly
recorded according to established standards.
Secondly, "as professionals with a duty to protect the
public interest, they are bound by rigorous codes of
professional and personal ethics calling for the
highest levels of integrity and objectivity". Thirdly,
"their key strategic positions within an enterprise or
organization - whether in an internal position or as an
external auditor or adviser - mean that they very
often have access to highly privileged and confidential
information."(Frank Harding: "Corruption: Rising to the
Challenge", IFAC - May/1999.)
Both accountants and auditors perform their
respective functions on the bases of national and
international standards of practice which have clear
guidelines in identifying, for instance, indicators of
fraud and other irregularities, and reporting these to
the highest levels of authority.

Internet: www.guyanajournal.com
Accessed in Nov/2003

According to the text, accountants and auditors

Alternativas
Comentários

  • to curb = restringir, refrear, moderar, controlar;
  • re·strain (r-strn)tr.v. re·strained, re·strain·ing, re·strains1.a. To hold back or keep in check; control:
  • entendo que a "d" não estaria de todo errado !
  • Apenas traduzindo as alternativas já fica bem clara a resposta correta:
    a) play no role in fighting corruption = não possuem papel algum no combate à corrupção.
    b) may investigate bribery and nepotism = devem investigar suborno e nepotismo.
    c) seldom participate in anticorruption effort = raramente tomam parte nos esforços de combate à corrupção.
    d) are expected to restrain transparency and accountability = espera-se deles uma restrição da transparência e da prestação de contas.
    e) are expected to help curb corrupt practices = espera-se que eles ajudem a coibir práticas corruptas.

ID
8614
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
Receita Federal
Ano
2005
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Your answers to questions 21 to 24 must be based on the
text below entitled "A dip in the middle":

A dip in the middle
Source: The Economist (adapted)
Sep 8th 2005

Income tax has been paid in Britain for more
than two centuries. First introduced by William Pitt the
Younger to finance the war against Napoleonic France,
it is the Treasury´s biggest source of revenue, raising
30% of tax receipts. It arouses strong political emotions,
regarded as fair by some because it makes the rich pay a
bigger share of their income than the poor, but unfair by
others because it penalizes enterprise and hard work.
During the past 30 years, income tax has been
subject to sweeping changes, notably the cut in the top
rate from 98% to 40% under Margaret Thatcher between
1979 and 1988. Now another Conservative politician,
George Osborne, is floating a radical reform to match
that earlier exploit. The shadow chancellor announced
on September 7th that he was setting up a commission
to explore the possible introduction of a flat income tax
in Britain.
Introducing a flat income tax into Britain would
involve two main changes. At present, there are three
marginal tax rates. These three rates would be replaced
by a single rate, which would be considerably lower than
the current top rate. At the same time there would be an
increase in the tax-free personal allowance, currently
worth 4,895 pounds.

According to the text,

Alternativas
Comentários
  • Eu errei ao marcar a letra e). Ao verificar me supreendi que o termo "has managed" signfica "conseguiu" e não "tem gerenciado" como parece.Sendo assim a letra E) torna-se totalmente errada.
  • b)
    Income tax has been paid in Britain for more
    than two centuries. First introduced by William Pitt the
    Younger to finance the war against Napoleonic France,
    it is the Treasury´s biggest source of revenue, raising
    30% of tax receipts.
  • Qual o erro da C?

  • b-

    First introduced by William Pitt the Younger to finance the war against Napoleonic France, it is the Treasury´s biggest source of revenue, raising 30% of tax receipts.


ID
8617
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
Receita Federal
Ano
2005
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Your answers to questions 21 to 24 must be based on the
text below entitled "A dip in the middle":

A dip in the middle
Source: The Economist (adapted)
Sep 8th 2005

Income tax has been paid in Britain for more
than two centuries. First introduced by William Pitt the
Younger to finance the war against Napoleonic France,
it is the Treasury´s biggest source of revenue, raising
30% of tax receipts. It arouses strong political emotions,
regarded as fair by some because it makes the rich pay a
bigger share of their income than the poor, but unfair by
others because it penalizes enterprise and hard work.
During the past 30 years, income tax has been
subject to sweeping changes, notably the cut in the top
rate from 98% to 40% under Margaret Thatcher between
1979 and 1988. Now another Conservative politician,
George Osborne, is floating a radical reform to match
that earlier exploit. The shadow chancellor announced
on September 7th that he was setting up a commission
to explore the possible introduction of a flat income tax
in Britain.
Introducing a flat income tax into Britain would
involve two main changes. At present, there are three
marginal tax rates. These three rates would be replaced
by a single rate, which would be considerably lower than
the current top rate. At the same time there would be an
increase in the tax-free personal allowance, currently
worth 4,895 pounds.

According to paragraph 2, Margaret Thatcher's government brought in

Alternativas
Comentários
  • a)
    During the past 30 years, income tax has been
    subject to sweeping changes,
    notably the cut in the top
    rate from 98% to 40% under Margaret Thatcher
    between
    1979 and 1988.
  • a-

    the second paragraph:

    "During the past 30 years, income tax has been subject to sweeping changes, notably the cut in the top rate from 98% to 40% under Margaret Thatcher btw 1979 and 1988."

     

    This implied acute reduction of the established rate, which beckoned a change in the taxation system under that person`s rule


ID
8620
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
Receita Federal
Ano
2005
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Your answers to questions 21 to 24 must be based on the
text below entitled "A dip in the middle":

A dip in the middle
Source: The Economist (adapted)
Sep 8th 2005

Income tax has been paid in Britain for more
than two centuries. First introduced by William Pitt the
Younger to finance the war against Napoleonic France,
it is the Treasury´s biggest source of revenue, raising
30% of tax receipts. It arouses strong political emotions,
regarded as fair by some because it makes the rich pay a
bigger share of their income than the poor, but unfair by
others because it penalizes enterprise and hard work.
During the past 30 years, income tax has been
subject to sweeping changes, notably the cut in the top
rate from 98% to 40% under Margaret Thatcher between
1979 and 1988. Now another Conservative politician,
George Osborne, is floating a radical reform to match
that earlier exploit. The shadow chancellor announced
on September 7th that he was setting up a commission
to explore the possible introduction of a flat income tax
in Britain.
Introducing a flat income tax into Britain would
involve two main changes. At present, there are three
marginal tax rates. These three rates would be replaced
by a single rate, which would be considerably lower than
the current top rate. At the same time there would be an
increase in the tax-free personal allowance, currently
worth 4,895 pounds.

The flat income tax

Alternativas
Comentários
  • which would be considerably lower thanthe current top rate = would be below the present top rate
  • Atenção para a alternativa C, ela é uma inferência que faz sentido, mas não está contida no texto.

  • b-

    "would be considerably lower than the current top rate". Upon replacement of the current 3-tier tax system, the flat rate model would mean a reduction of the share normally forked to the Powers That Be.

  • B - would be below the present top rate - estaria abaixo da taxa máxima atual.

    TEXTO

    These three rates would be replaced by a single rate, which would be considerably lower than the current top rate. 

    Essas três taxas seriam substituídas por uma única taxa, que seria consideravelmente menor do que a taxa máxima atual.


ID
8623
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
Receita Federal
Ano
2005
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Your answers to questions 21 to 24 must be based on the
text below entitled "A dip in the middle":

A dip in the middle
Source: The Economist (adapted)
Sep 8th 2005

Income tax has been paid in Britain for more
than two centuries. First introduced by William Pitt the
Younger to finance the war against Napoleonic France,
it is the Treasury´s biggest source of revenue, raising
30% of tax receipts. It arouses strong political emotions,
regarded as fair by some because it makes the rich pay a
bigger share of their income than the poor, but unfair by
others because it penalizes enterprise and hard work.
During the past 30 years, income tax has been
subject to sweeping changes, notably the cut in the top
rate from 98% to 40% under Margaret Thatcher between
1979 and 1988. Now another Conservative politician,
George Osborne, is floating a radical reform to match
that earlier exploit. The shadow chancellor announced
on September 7th that he was setting up a commission
to explore the possible introduction of a flat income tax
in Britain.
Introducing a flat income tax into Britain would
involve two main changes. At present, there are three
marginal tax rates. These three rates would be replaced
by a single rate, which would be considerably lower than
the current top rate. At the same time there would be an
increase in the tax-free personal allowance, currently
worth 4,895 pounds.

In paragraph 3, the author notes that the present tax-free personal allowance would

Alternativas
Comentários
  • c)
    The author wrote:
    ... At the same time there would be an
    increase in the tax-free personal allowance, currently
    worth 4,895 pounds.
  • (rise) tem o mesmo significado de (increase), dar um sentido de (aumentar). É importante conhecer os sinônimos das palavras mais usadas ,pois o examinador explora estes artifícios.

  • c-

    "At the same time there would be an increase in the tax-free personal allowance, currently worth 4,895 pounds."

    Personal allowance is a threshold for determining one's liability to pay income taxes. If one's yearly income is equal to or below the pesonal allowance threshold, this person isn't liable for taxation on his income. The text hints at an increase of the current threshold of 4,895 £


ID
8626
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
Receita Federal
Ano
2005
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Your answers to questions 25 to 27 must be based on the
text below entitled "Flight of the French":

Flight of the French
Source: Newsweek (adapted)
Sept 26th/Oct 3rd 2005

The Belgians call them "fiscal refugees", but these
refugees wear Chanel. They are runaways from high
taxes in France. Officially, France has lost, on average,
one millionaire or billionaire tax payer per day for tax
reasons since 1997, when the government started trying
to track capital flight. Privately, economists say the
number is much higher. "The statistic is stupid," holds
French economist Nicolas Baverez. "It's as if, to count
contraband, you only counted what people declared at
the border."
While much of Europe has revised its tax codes, France's
fiscal inertia is virtually begging its rich to leave. Holding dear
its commitment to égalité and fraternité, France has bucked
the trend in the European Union, where most member states
have dropped the wealth tax since the mid-1990s. France
went the opposite way in 1997 by abolishing a cap that limited
the wealth-tax bill, which kicks in at incomes over 720,000
euros to 85% of a taxpayer's income. The result: some pay
more taxes than they earn in income.

The text refers to France's

Alternativas
Comentários
  • France's
    fiscal inertia is virtually begging its rich to leave. Holding dear
    its commitment to égalité and fraternité, France has bucked
    the trend in the European Union, where most member states
    have dropped the wealth tax since the mid-1990s. 

    Basicamente esse texto reafirma a posição francesa de não-modificar suas políticas em relação aos muito ricos.
  • d-

    The tax is levied on people whose wealth fluctutates in the millions, which in turn causes them to leave for Belgium where their income is not as heavily taxed.


ID
8629
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
Receita Federal
Ano
2005
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Your answers to questions 25 to 27 must be based on the
text below entitled "Flight of the French":

Flight of the French
Source: Newsweek (adapted)
Sept 26th/Oct 3rd 2005

The Belgians call them "fiscal refugees", but these
refugees wear Chanel. They are runaways from high
taxes in France. Officially, France has lost, on average,
one millionaire or billionaire tax payer per day for tax
reasons since 1997, when the government started trying
to track capital flight. Privately, economists say the
number is much higher. "The statistic is stupid," holds
French economist Nicolas Baverez. "It's as if, to count
contraband, you only counted what people declared at
the border."
While much of Europe has revised its tax codes, France's
fiscal inertia is virtually begging its rich to leave. Holding dear
its commitment to égalité and fraternité, France has bucked
the trend in the European Union, where most member states
have dropped the wealth tax since the mid-1990s. France
went the opposite way in 1997 by abolishing a cap that limited
the wealth-tax bill, which kicks in at incomes over 720,000
euros to 85% of a taxpayer's income. The result: some pay
more taxes than they earn in income.

The so-called 'fiscal refugees' are the

Alternativas
Comentários
  • fleeing taxpayers - significa pagadores d eimpostos fugitivos.
  • seguem algumas observações que podem ser úteis

    a) Correta
    flee = fugir, escapar, abandonar ------- refugee= refugiado
    taxpayer = contribuinte

    b) incorreta
    shareholder = acionista

    c) incorreta
    attorneys = advogado, procurador

    d) incorreta

    notorious = notório, conhecido / de má fama (PODE SER FALSO COGNATO, DEPENDENDO DO CONTEXTO)
    smuggler = contrabandista

    e) incorreta
  • a-

    they`re making for a country where they don't need to pay as high an income tax


ID
8632
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
Receita Federal
Ano
2005
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Your answers to questions 25 to 27 must be based on the
text below entitled "Flight of the French":

Flight of the French
Source: Newsweek (adapted)
Sept 26th/Oct 3rd 2005

The Belgians call them "fiscal refugees", but these
refugees wear Chanel. They are runaways from high
taxes in France. Officially, France has lost, on average,
one millionaire or billionaire tax payer per day for tax
reasons since 1997, when the government started trying
to track capital flight. Privately, economists say the
number is much higher. "The statistic is stupid," holds
French economist Nicolas Baverez. "It's as if, to count
contraband, you only counted what people declared at
the border."
While much of Europe has revised its tax codes, France's
fiscal inertia is virtually begging its rich to leave. Holding dear
its commitment to égalité and fraternité, France has bucked
the trend in the European Union, where most member states
have dropped the wealth tax since the mid-1990s. France
went the opposite way in 1997 by abolishing a cap that limited
the wealth-tax bill, which kicks in at incomes over 720,000
euros to 85% of a taxpayer's income. The result: some pay
more taxes than they earn in income.

According to the author, France

Alternativas
Comentários
  • a) incorreta:
    might change its fiscal system - em nenhum local está escrito que ela pode mudar o sistema fiscal
    b) incorreta 

    must preserve its wealth tax - pelo contrário, ela precisa mudar, e não preservar os impostos sobre a fortuna/riqueza
    c) correta

    has not changed its fiscal policy = não têm mudado sua política fiscal
    d) incorreta

    ought to slash its public spending = deveria reduzir sua despesa pública - informação não contida no texto
    slash: reduzir
    e) incorreta

    could lose from a tax reform = pode perder de uma reforma tributária - o texto não fala sobre reforma.
  • Letra C

    trecho "While much of Europe has revised its tax codes, France's
    fiscal inertia is virtually begging its rich to leave."

    fiscal inertia ---> has not changed its fiscal policy.

    bons estudos.

  • c-

    While much of Europe has revised its tax codes, France's fiscal inertia is virtually begging its rich to leave.

  • C - has not changed its fiscal policy – não mudou sua política fiscal

    TEXTO

    While much of Europe has revised its tax codes, France's fiscal inertia is virtually begging its rich to leave.

    Embora grande parte da Europa tenha revisado seus códigos tributários, a França a inércia fiscal está virtualmente implorando que seus ricos partam.


ID
8635
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
Receita Federal
Ano
2005
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Your answers to questions 28 to 30 must be based on
the text below entitled "The real medicine":

The real medicine
Source: Newsweek (adapted)
Oct 17th 2005

People who survive a heart attack often
describe it as a wake-up call. But for a 61-year old
executive I met recently, it was more than that. This
man was in the midst of a divorce when he was
stricken last spring, and he had fallen out of touch
with friends and family members. The executive´s
doctor, unaware of the strife in his life, counseled him
to change his diet, start exercising and quit smoking.
He also prescribed drugs to lower cholesterol and
blood pressure. It was sound advice, but in combing
the medical literature, the patient discovered that he
needed to do more. Studies suggested that his risk of
dying within six months would be four times greater
if he remained depressed and lonely. So he joined
a support group and reordered his priorities, placing
relationships at the top of the list instead of the bottom.
His health has improved steadily since then, and so
has his outlook on life. In fact he now describes his
heart attack as the best thing that ever happened to
him. "Yes, my arteries are more open," he says. "But
even more important, I´m more open."

According to the text, the executive

Alternativas

ID
8638
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
Receita Federal
Ano
2005
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Your answers to questions 28 to 30 must be based on
the text below entitled "The real medicine":

The real medicine
Source: Newsweek (adapted)
Oct 17th 2005

People who survive a heart attack often
describe it as a wake-up call. But for a 61-year old
executive I met recently, it was more than that. This
man was in the midst of a divorce when he was
stricken last spring, and he had fallen out of touch
with friends and family members. The executive´s
doctor, unaware of the strife in his life, counseled him
to change his diet, start exercising and quit smoking.
He also prescribed drugs to lower cholesterol and
blood pressure. It was sound advice, but in combing
the medical literature, the patient discovered that he
needed to do more. Studies suggested that his risk of
dying within six months would be four times greater
if he remained depressed and lonely. So he joined
a support group and reordered his priorities, placing
relationships at the top of the list instead of the bottom.
His health has improved steadily since then, and so
has his outlook on life. In fact he now describes his
heart attack as the best thing that ever happened to
him. "Yes, my arteries are more open," he says. "But
even more important, I´m more open."

The advice given by the doctor is defined as sound. In other words, it

Alternativas
Comentários
  • Uma das traduções para a palavra "sound" é no sentido de ser sadio, saudável, bom. Logo, a frase " It was sound advice" siginifica foi um bom conselho.

    Logo, a alternativa que mais se encaixa com o sentido do texto é a "
    is reliable and effective", ou seja, é confiável e efetivo.
  • b-

    sound advice - advice that follows common sense, that has a right ring to one's ears and doesn't seem to go against conventiona wisdom.


ID
8641
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
Receita Federal
Ano
2005
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Your answers to questions 28 to 30 must be based on
the text below entitled "The real medicine":

The real medicine
Source: Newsweek (adapted)
Oct 17th 2005

People who survive a heart attack often
describe it as a wake-up call. But for a 61-year old
executive I met recently, it was more than that. This
man was in the midst of a divorce when he was
stricken last spring, and he had fallen out of touch
with friends and family members. The executive´s
doctor, unaware of the strife in his life, counseled him
to change his diet, start exercising and quit smoking.
He also prescribed drugs to lower cholesterol and
blood pressure. It was sound advice, but in combing
the medical literature, the patient discovered that he
needed to do more. Studies suggested that his risk of
dying within six months would be four times greater
if he remained depressed and lonely. So he joined
a support group and reordered his priorities, placing
relationships at the top of the list instead of the bottom.
His health has improved steadily since then, and so
has his outlook on life. In fact he now describes his
heart attack as the best thing that ever happened to
him. "Yes, my arteries are more open," he says. "But
even more important, I´m more open."

The text focuses on the relevance of

Alternativas
Comentários
  • A letra E) está errada pois o significado de "in spite of" é "apesar de".
  • d-

    So he joined a support group and reordered his priorities, placing relationships at the top of the list instead of the bottom.

     

    The moneyshot of the text was his brush with heart problems, which caused him to rethink his choices and habits. Following through on other people's advice, he pushed away from destructive behaviour and started to emphasise the social facet of his life

  • D - a desirable change of attitude to life - uma desejável mudança de atitude perante a vida.

    TEXTO

    So he joined a support group and reordered his priorities, placing relationships at the top of the list instead of the bottom.

    Então ele se juntou a um grupo de apoio e reordenou suas prioridades, colocando relacionamentos no topo da lista em vez de na parte  inferior.


ID
9478
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MRE
Ano
2004
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below in order to answer questions 21
and 22:

Brazil's foreign policy: A giant stirs
Source: www.economist.co.uk
June 10, 2004 (Adapted)

It is a small force, but of huge symbolic significance.
This month, 1,200 Brazilian troops arrived in Haiti, the
country's biggest foreign military deployment since the
second world war. Brazil is commanding a United
Nations peacekeeping force of 6,700 mainly Latin
American troops and 1,600 police which is taking over
from American and French forces in the Caribbean
island. This marks a new departure. Brazil has long
been a gentle and introverted giant, content to be a
bystander on the world stage. Now that is changing.

Analyze the alternatives below in order to choose
the appropriate translation for the two sentences
below into Portuguese:

"Brazil has long been a gentle and introverted giant,.".

Alternativas
Comentários
    • a) O Brasil foi, por um longo período, um gigante gentil e tímido.
    • O texto usou o present perfect: ação que se iniciou num passado que não conhecemos e permanece até agora. Já o verbo "foi" indica passado pontual.
    •  b) O Brasil tem sido um gigante introvertido e cauteloso.
    • gentle
      adj 1 suave, brando. 2 moderado. 3 humano, meigo, amável. 4 nobre, digno.
    • cauteloso
      adj 1 cautious. 2 prudent. 3 watchful, vigilant. 4 wary. 
    •  c) O Brasil há tempos se transformou em um gigante gentil e introvertido.
    • O texto usou o present perfect: ação que se iniciou num passado que não conhecemos e permanece até agora.
    •  d) O Brasil há muito tem sido um gigante gentil e introvertido.
    • o present perfect possui auxiliar HAVE/HAS + PARTICÍPIO PASSADO. Questão correta
    •  e) O Brasil há tempos anseia por acordar o gigante gentil e introvertido.
    • Não existem essas palavras no texto
  • Gabarito letra D: O Brasil há muito tem sido um gigante gentil e introvertido.

  • d-

    "has long been" é uma construção que significa algo que tem acontecido por muito tempo. Nao ha como traduzir literalmente, mas "ha muito" e "por muito tempo" sao o mais próximo disso

  • Brazil has long been a gentle and introverted giant = O Brasil foi, por um longo período, um gigante gentil e tímido.


ID
9481
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MRE
Ano
2004
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Your answers to questions 23 to 27 must be based
on the review below, which is entitled "Illusions of
Empire: Defining the New American Order".

Illusions of Empire: Defining the New
American Order
Source: www.foreignaffairs.org
March/April 2004 (Adapted)

In his book The Sorrows of Empire: Militarism,
Secrecy, and the End of the Republic
, Chalmers
Johnson advances the disturbing claim that the United
States' Cold War-era military power and far-flung base
system have, in the last decade, been consolidated in a
new form of global imperial rule. The United States,
according to Johnson, has become "a military
juggernaut intent on world domination."
Driven by a triumphalist ideology, an
exaggerated sense of threats, and a self-serving
military-industrial complex, this juggernaut is tightening
its grip on much of the world. The Pentagon has
replaced the State Department as the primary shaper of
foreign policy. Military commanders in regional
headquarters are modern-day proconsuls, warriordiplomats
who direct the United States' imperial reach.
Johnson fears that this military empire will corrode
democracy, bankrupt the nation, spark opposition, and
ultimately end in a Soviet-style collapse.

According to the reviewer, Chalmers Johnson "advances" a disturbing claim. Therefore, he

Alternativas
Comentários
  • Gabarito A.


    advance (verb): put forward (a theory or suggestion).


    synonyms: present, submit, suggest, propose, introduce.

  • a-

    advance -verb ³- publicise for the purpose of selling: announce, ballyhoo, blazon, disclose, divulge, endorse, herald, promote, tout.


ID
9484
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MRE
Ano
2004
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Your answers to questions 23 to 27 must be based
on the review below, which is entitled "Illusions of
Empire: Defining the New American Order".

Illusions of Empire: Defining the New
American Order
Source: www.foreignaffairs.org
March/April 2004 (Adapted)

In his book The Sorrows of Empire: Militarism,
Secrecy, and the End of the Republic
, Chalmers
Johnson advances the disturbing claim that the United
States' Cold War-era military power and far-flung base
system have, in the last decade, been consolidated in a
new form of global imperial rule. The United States,
according to Johnson, has become "a military
juggernaut intent on world domination."
Driven by a triumphalist ideology, an
exaggerated sense of threats, and a self-serving
military-industrial complex, this juggernaut is tightening
its grip on much of the world. The Pentagon has
replaced the State Department as the primary shaper of
foreign policy. Military commanders in regional
headquarters are modern-day proconsuls, warriordiplomats
who direct the United States' imperial reach.
Johnson fears that this military empire will corrode
democracy, bankrupt the nation, spark opposition, and
ultimately end in a Soviet-style collapse.

According to the text, "the primary shaper of foreign policy"

Alternativas
Comentários
  • Resposta: e
    No texto --> The Pentagon has replaced 
    (= has been substituted) the State Department as the primary shaper of foreign policy
  • e-

    Paráfrase do texto, substituindo replace por substitute:

     

    The Pentagon has replaced the State Department as the primary shaper of foreign policy. 


ID
9487
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MRE
Ano
2004
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Your answers to questions 23 to 27 must be based
on the review below, which is entitled "Illusions of
Empire: Defining the New American Order".

Illusions of Empire: Defining the New
American Order
Source: www.foreignaffairs.org
March/April 2004 (Adapted)

In his book The Sorrows of Empire: Militarism,
Secrecy, and the End of the Republic
, Chalmers
Johnson advances the disturbing claim that the United
States' Cold War-era military power and far-flung base
system have, in the last decade, been consolidated in a
new form of global imperial rule. The United States,
according to Johnson, has become "a military
juggernaut intent on world domination."
Driven by a triumphalist ideology, an
exaggerated sense of threats, and a self-serving
military-industrial complex, this juggernaut is tightening
its grip on much of the world. The Pentagon has
replaced the State Department as the primary shaper of
foreign policy. Military commanders in regional
headquarters are modern-day proconsuls, warriordiplomats
who direct the United States' imperial reach.
Johnson fears that this military empire will corrode
democracy, bankrupt the nation, spark opposition, and
ultimately end in a Soviet-style collapse.

One of the author's fears in relation to the American military empire is that it will

Alternativas
Comentários
  • spark opposition -> provoke/ignite opposition!
  • Here is asked the synonym for the word spark:

    A) FORBID = PROIBIR

    B) DISGUISE = ESCONDER

    C) CAUSE = SPARK (PROVOK)

    D) DETER = DETER

    E) PREVENT = PREVINIR

  • Prevenir, não previnir.

  • "Provoke", não "provok".

  • c-

    spark - activate, arouse, impel, whip up, stir, awaken, foment, incite, instigate, provoke, spur.


ID
9490
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MRE
Ano
2004
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Your answers to questions 23 to 27 must be based
on the review below, which is entitled "Illusions of
Empire: Defining the New American Order".

Illusions of Empire: Defining the New
American Order
Source: www.foreignaffairs.org
March/April 2004 (Adapted)

In his book The Sorrows of Empire: Militarism,
Secrecy, and the End of the Republic
, Chalmers
Johnson advances the disturbing claim that the United
States' Cold War-era military power and far-flung base
system have, in the last decade, been consolidated in a
new form of global imperial rule. The United States,
according to Johnson, has become "a military
juggernaut intent on world domination."
Driven by a triumphalist ideology, an
exaggerated sense of threats, and a self-serving
military-industrial complex, this juggernaut is tightening
its grip on much of the world. The Pentagon has
replaced the State Department as the primary shaper of
foreign policy. Military commanders in regional
headquarters are modern-day proconsuls, warriordiplomats
who direct the United States' imperial reach.
Johnson fears that this military empire will corrode
democracy, bankrupt the nation, spark opposition, and
ultimately end in a Soviet-style collapse.

The American ideology connotes

Alternativas
Comentários
  • "a military juggernaut intent on world domination."Driven by a triumphalist ideology, an exaggerated sense of threats, and a self-serving military-industrial complex, this juggernaut is tightening its grip on much of the world.

    T=ACCORDING TO THIS PASSAGE WE CAN ASSUME THAT AMERICAN IDEOLOGY CONNOTES PRIDE, ONCE IS USED LOT OF "SELF"/AND WORRY ABOUT THREAT  (WHICH GIVES THE IDEA OF EGOCENTRISM)

  • b-

    O que ele quer saber nao é a impressao que causa ao leitor, mas o sentimento interno ao usar "Driven by a triumphalist ideology". A única opção que preenche a descrição é "pride", porque ha um senso de superioridade ao supor poder sobre o resto do mundo. 


ID
9493
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MRE
Ano
2004
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Your answers to questions 23 to 27 must be based
on the review below, which is entitled "Illusions of
Empire: Defining the New American Order".

Illusions of Empire: Defining the New
American Order
Source: www.foreignaffairs.org
March/April 2004 (Adapted)

In his book The Sorrows of Empire: Militarism,
Secrecy, and the End of the Republic
, Chalmers
Johnson advances the disturbing claim that the United
States' Cold War-era military power and far-flung base
system have, in the last decade, been consolidated in a
new form of global imperial rule. The United States,
according to Johnson, has become "a military
juggernaut intent on world domination."
Driven by a triumphalist ideology, an
exaggerated sense of threats, and a self-serving
military-industrial complex, this juggernaut is tightening
its grip on much of the world. The Pentagon has
replaced the State Department as the primary shaper of
foreign policy. Military commanders in regional
headquarters are modern-day proconsuls, warriordiplomats
who direct the United States' imperial reach.
Johnson fears that this military empire will corrode
democracy, bankrupt the nation, spark opposition, and
ultimately end in a Soviet-style collapse.

According to the text,

Alternativas
Comentários
  • According the text, military power and far-flung base system have, in the last decade, been consolidated in a new form of global imperial rule.
  • d-

    The intent to extend power and influence beyond one's own borders entails the establishment of a new imperial power hell bent on global control


ID
9496
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MRE
Ano
2004
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Your answers to questions 28 to 32 must be based
on the text below, which is entitled "Sharon pushes
ahead, regardless":

Sharon pushes ahead, regardless
Source: www.economist.co.uk
April 19, 2004 (Adapted)

Following his fruitful visit to the White House last
week, Israel's prime minister, Ariel Sharon, has returned
home to push ahead with his plan for a "unilateral
disengagement". The plan involves abandoning the
Gaza strip by the end of next year while keeping "for all
eternity" some chunks of the West Bank where there
are already large Jewish settlements. It also includes
continuing (in public at least) to express an interest in
reaching a diplomatic solution with Palestinian
moderates but striking hard at military groups. In pursuit
of the latter part of Sharon's plan, on Saturday April
17th, an Israeli attack helicopter blew up a car carrying
Abdel-Aziz Rantisi, who had become Hamas's chief
after an Israeli attack last month killed the Islamist
militant group's previous leader, Sheikh Ahmed Yassin.
Since Saturday's attack, Mr Sharon has won the
backing of three influential Israeli ministers for the
proposed Gaza pull-out.
The assassination of Dr Rantisi (shortly after a
Palestinian suicide bomber had killed an Israeli soldier
at the main crossing into Gaza) drew outright
condemnation from the United Nations, the European
Union and Russia - three of the four members of the
"Quartet" that drew up the now-tattered "road map"
towards peace between Israel and the Palestinians.

Mr Sharon's visit to the White House

Alternativas
Comentários
  • "Following his fruitful visit to the White House"

    então:
    Mr Sharon's visit to the White House
    c) is said to have been productive.
  • c-

    fruitful- advantageous, beneficial, profitable, rewarding, productive


ID
9499
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MRE
Ano
2004
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Your answers to questions 28 to 32 must be based
on the text below, which is entitled "Sharon pushes
ahead, regardless":

Sharon pushes ahead, regardless
Source: www.economist.co.uk
April 19, 2004 (Adapted)

Following his fruitful visit to the White House last
week, Israel's prime minister, Ariel Sharon, has returned
home to push ahead with his plan for a "unilateral
disengagement". The plan involves abandoning the
Gaza strip by the end of next year while keeping "for all
eternity" some chunks of the West Bank where there
are already large Jewish settlements. It also includes
continuing (in public at least) to express an interest in
reaching a diplomatic solution with Palestinian
moderates but striking hard at military groups. In pursuit
of the latter part of Sharon's plan, on Saturday April
17th, an Israeli attack helicopter blew up a car carrying
Abdel-Aziz Rantisi, who had become Hamas's chief
after an Israeli attack last month killed the Islamist
militant group's previous leader, Sheikh Ahmed Yassin.
Since Saturday's attack, Mr Sharon has won the
backing of three influential Israeli ministers for the
proposed Gaza pull-out.
The assassination of Dr Rantisi (shortly after a
Palestinian suicide bomber had killed an Israeli soldier
at the main crossing into Gaza) drew outright
condemnation from the United Nations, the European
Union and Russia - three of the four members of the
"Quartet" that drew up the now-tattered "road map"
towards peace between Israel and the Palestinians.

According to Ariel Sharon's plan, the Gaza strip is supposed to be

Alternativas
Comentários
  • Ariel Sharon´s plan involves abandoning the Gaza strip.
     
    In other word, the plan involves left the Gaza strip.
  • a-

    If he plans to abandon the Gaza Strip, this means that it will be left, devoid of further military presence.


ID
9502
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MRE
Ano
2004
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Your answers to questions 28 to 32 must be based
on the text below, which is entitled "Sharon pushes
ahead, regardless":

Sharon pushes ahead, regardless
Source: www.economist.co.uk
April 19, 2004 (Adapted)

Following his fruitful visit to the White House last
week, Israel's prime minister, Ariel Sharon, has returned
home to push ahead with his plan for a "unilateral
disengagement". The plan involves abandoning the
Gaza strip by the end of next year while keeping "for all
eternity" some chunks of the West Bank where there
are already large Jewish settlements. It also includes
continuing (in public at least) to express an interest in
reaching a diplomatic solution with Palestinian
moderates but striking hard at military groups. In pursuit
of the latter part of Sharon's plan, on Saturday April
17th, an Israeli attack helicopter blew up a car carrying
Abdel-Aziz Rantisi, who had become Hamas's chief
after an Israeli attack last month killed the Islamist
militant group's previous leader, Sheikh Ahmed Yassin.
Since Saturday's attack, Mr Sharon has won the
backing of three influential Israeli ministers for the
proposed Gaza pull-out.
The assassination of Dr Rantisi (shortly after a
Palestinian suicide bomber had killed an Israeli soldier
at the main crossing into Gaza) drew outright
condemnation from the United Nations, the European
Union and Russia - three of the four members of the
"Quartet" that drew up the now-tattered "road map"
towards peace between Israel and the Palestinians.

The assassination of Dr Rantisi "drew outright condemnation" from the United Nations, the EU and Russia. In other words, it raised

Alternativas
Comentários
  • out·right (outrt, -rt)adv.1. Without reservation or qualification; openly: finally responded outright to the question.2. Completely and entirely; wholly
  • drew outright condemnation = atraiu a condenação definitiva

    clear and direct condemnation = condenação clara e direta

  • b-

    outright - downright, total, arrant, utter, absolute, entire, no holds barred, unrestricted, complete


ID
9505
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MRE
Ano
2004
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Your answers to questions 28 to 32 must be based
on the text below, which is entitled "Sharon pushes
ahead, regardless":

Sharon pushes ahead, regardless
Source: www.economist.co.uk
April 19, 2004 (Adapted)

Following his fruitful visit to the White House last
week, Israel's prime minister, Ariel Sharon, has returned
home to push ahead with his plan for a "unilateral
disengagement". The plan involves abandoning the
Gaza strip by the end of next year while keeping "for all
eternity" some chunks of the West Bank where there
are already large Jewish settlements. It also includes
continuing (in public at least) to express an interest in
reaching a diplomatic solution with Palestinian
moderates but striking hard at military groups. In pursuit
of the latter part of Sharon's plan, on Saturday April
17th, an Israeli attack helicopter blew up a car carrying
Abdel-Aziz Rantisi, who had become Hamas's chief
after an Israeli attack last month killed the Islamist
militant group's previous leader, Sheikh Ahmed Yassin.
Since Saturday's attack, Mr Sharon has won the
backing of three influential Israeli ministers for the
proposed Gaza pull-out.
The assassination of Dr Rantisi (shortly after a
Palestinian suicide bomber had killed an Israeli soldier
at the main crossing into Gaza) drew outright
condemnation from the United Nations, the European
Union and Russia - three of the four members of the
"Quartet" that drew up the now-tattered "road map"
towards peace between Israel and the Palestinians.

According to the article,

Alternativas
Comentários
  • "Mr Sharon has won the backing of three influential Israeli ministers for the proposed Gaza pull-out."

    então:
    d) three Israeli ministers are supporting one of Mr Sharon's proposals.
  • d-

    Since Saturday's attack, Mr Sharon has won the backing of three influential Israeli ministers for the proposed Gaza pull-out.

    back (as a verb) - shore/prop (up), buttress, support


ID
9508
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MRE
Ano
2004
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Your answers to questions 28 to 32 must be based
on the text below, which is entitled "Sharon pushes
ahead, regardless":

Sharon pushes ahead, regardless
Source: www.economist.co.uk
April 19, 2004 (Adapted)

Following his fruitful visit to the White House last
week, Israel's prime minister, Ariel Sharon, has returned
home to push ahead with his plan for a "unilateral
disengagement". The plan involves abandoning the
Gaza strip by the end of next year while keeping "for all
eternity" some chunks of the West Bank where there
are already large Jewish settlements. It also includes
continuing (in public at least) to express an interest in
reaching a diplomatic solution with Palestinian
moderates but striking hard at military groups. In pursuit
of the latter part of Sharon's plan, on Saturday April
17th, an Israeli attack helicopter blew up a car carrying
Abdel-Aziz Rantisi, who had become Hamas's chief
after an Israeli attack last month killed the Islamist
militant group's previous leader, Sheikh Ahmed Yassin.
Since Saturday's attack, Mr Sharon has won the
backing of three influential Israeli ministers for the
proposed Gaza pull-out.
The assassination of Dr Rantisi (shortly after a
Palestinian suicide bomber had killed an Israeli soldier
at the main crossing into Gaza) drew outright
condemnation from the United Nations, the European
Union and Russia - three of the four members of the
"Quartet" that drew up the now-tattered "road map"
towards peace between Israel and the Palestinians.

The "Quartet" is the group "that drew up the nowtattered road map" towards peace between Israel and the Palestinians. In other words, a "road map" which is

Alternativas
Comentários
  • c- 

    tattered - in tatters, ravaged, worn away, eaten away, decript, dog eared, in bad condition


ID
9580
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MRE
Ano
2002
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below in order to answer questions 16
to 20:

Brazil-UK Relations

Brazilian President Fernando Henrique
Cardoso paid a brief visit to the United Kingdom
on 27-28 October 2001, accepting a last minute
invitation by British Prime Minister Tony Blair for a
private meeting. The two leaders met at
Chequers, Buckinghamshire, and were joined by
former American President Bill Clinton.
During the meeting, Blair and Cardoso had
the opportunity to discuss current global affairs
issues such as the ongoing international
campaign against terrorism, the forthcoming
World Trade Organization meeting in Doha and
the reform of the United Nations Security Council.
Speaking to the press before departing for
France, President Cardoso stated that during the
meeting they had agreed on the need for
immediate reform of the UN Security Council so
that the "fate of countries is not decided by a small
group of nations, as it is today".

The text refers to President Cardoso's

Alternativas
Comentários
  • No texto --> The two leaders (FHC e Tony Blair) met... and were joined by former American President Bill Clinton.
    Tradução:Os dois líderes reuniram-se...e se juntaram ao ex-presidente americano Bill Clinton.
    Resposta: d --> The text refers to President Cardoso's meeting with Tony Blair and Bill Clinton (O texto se refere à reunião do presidente Fernando Henrique Cardoso com Tony Blair e Bill Clinton)

  • Brazilian President Fernando Henrique

    Cardoso paid a brief visit to the United Kingdom

    on 27-28 October 2001, accepting a last minute

    invitation by British Prime Minister Tony Blair for a

    private meeting. The two leaders met at

    Chequers, Buckinghamshire, and were joined by

    former American President Bill Clinton.


ID
9583
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MRE
Ano
2002
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below in order to answer questions 16
to 20:

Brazil-UK Relations

Brazilian President Fernando Henrique
Cardoso paid a brief visit to the United Kingdom
on 27-28 October 2001, accepting a last minute
invitation by British Prime Minister Tony Blair for a
private meeting. The two leaders met at
Chequers, Buckinghamshire, and were joined by
former American President Bill Clinton.
During the meeting, Blair and Cardoso had
the opportunity to discuss current global affairs
issues such as the ongoing international
campaign against terrorism, the forthcoming
World Trade Organization meeting in Doha and
the reform of the United Nations Security Council.
Speaking to the press before departing for
France, President Cardoso stated that during the
meeting they had agreed on the need for
immediate reform of the UN Security Council so
that the "fate of countries is not decided by a small
group of nations, as it is today".

According to the text, the visit in question

Alternativas
Comentários
  • justificativa:
    Brazilian President Fernando Henrique Cardoso PAID (equivalendo a 'topou', 'aceitou') a brief VISIT to the United Kingdom...
  • Brazilian President Fernando Henrique

    Cardoso paid a brief visit to the United Kingdom

    on 27-28 October 2001, accepting a last minute

    invitation by British Prime Minister Tony Blair for a

    private meeting. The two leaders met at

    Chequers, Buckinghamshire, and were joined by

    former American President Bill Clinton.


ID
9586
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MRE
Ano
2002
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below in order to answer questions 16
to 20:

Brazil-UK Relations

Brazilian President Fernando Henrique
Cardoso paid a brief visit to the United Kingdom
on 27-28 October 2001, accepting a last minute
invitation by British Prime Minister Tony Blair for a
private meeting. The two leaders met at
Chequers, Buckinghamshire, and were joined by
former American President Bill Clinton.
During the meeting, Blair and Cardoso had
the opportunity to discuss current global affairs
issues such as the ongoing international
campaign against terrorism, the forthcoming
World Trade Organization meeting in Doha and
the reform of the United Nations Security Council.
Speaking to the press before departing for
France, President Cardoso stated that during the
meeting they had agreed on the need for
immediate reform of the UN Security Council so
that the "fate of countries is not decided by a small
group of nations, as it is today".

The global affairs issues discussed during the meeting refer

Alternativas
Comentários
  • justificativa no texto:
    ...the opportunity to discuss CURRENT global affairs
    issues...
  • "During the meeting, Blair and Cardoso had

    the opportunity to discuss current global affairs

    issues such as the ongoing international

    campaign against terrorism".


ID
9589
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MRE
Ano
2002
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below in order to answer questions 16
to 20:

Brazil-UK Relations

Brazilian President Fernando Henrique
Cardoso paid a brief visit to the United Kingdom
on 27-28 October 2001, accepting a last minute
invitation by British Prime Minister Tony Blair for a
private meeting. The two leaders met at
Chequers, Buckinghamshire, and were joined by
former American President Bill Clinton.
During the meeting, Blair and Cardoso had
the opportunity to discuss current global affairs
issues such as the ongoing international
campaign against terrorism, the forthcoming
World Trade Organization meeting in Doha and
the reform of the United Nations Security Council.
Speaking to the press before departing for
France, President Cardoso stated that during the
meeting they had agreed on the need for
immediate reform of the UN Security Council so
that the "fate of countries is not decided by a small
group of nations, as it is today".

According to the text, President Cardoso

Alternativas
Comentários
  • trecho no texto que justifica:
    ...Speaking to the press BEFORE departing for
    France...
  • "Speaking to the press before departing for

    France..."


ID
9592
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MRE
Ano
2002
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below in order to answer questions 16
to 20:

Brazil-UK Relations

Brazilian President Fernando Henrique
Cardoso paid a brief visit to the United Kingdom
on 27-28 October 2001, accepting a last minute
invitation by British Prime Minister Tony Blair for a
private meeting. The two leaders met at
Chequers, Buckinghamshire, and were joined by
former American President Bill Clinton.
During the meeting, Blair and Cardoso had
the opportunity to discuss current global affairs
issues such as the ongoing international
campaign against terrorism, the forthcoming
World Trade Organization meeting in Doha and
the reform of the United Nations Security Council.
Speaking to the press before departing for
France, President Cardoso stated that during the
meeting they had agreed on the need for
immediate reform of the UN Security Council so
that the "fate of countries is not decided by a small
group of nations, as it is today".

According to the Brazilian President, a small group of nations

Alternativas
Comentários
  • No texto --> Speaking to the press before departing for France, President Cardoso stated that during the meeting they had agreed on the need for immediate reform of the UN Security Council so that the fate of countries is not decided by a small group of nations, as it is today.
    Tradução --> Em declarações à imprensa antes de partir para França, o presidente Fernando Henrique Cardoso afirmou que durante a reunião eles tinham concordado com a necessidade de reforma imediata do Conselho de Segurança da ONU, de modo que o destino dos países não é decidido por um pequeno grupo de nações, como é hoje.
    Ou seja: a small group of nations has been making most decisions (um pequeno grupo de nações vem fazendo a maioria das decisões).
    Resposta: e
  • "fate of countries is not decided by a small

    group of nations, as it is today". In other words, at the present moment, therefore is correct that it has been making most decisions.


ID
9595
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MRE
Ano
2002
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below in order to answer questions 21
to 25:

Mercosur
Mercosur is by far the most successful in a
long history of attempts to promote economic
integration in South America. It was born out of an
early-Eighties process of détente between Brazil
and Argentina, which during the Seventies had
often suffered from strained relationships between
their respective military governments.
The trade between Mercosur countries and
the rest of the world grew 79% in the period 1990-
98, but over the same time trade between
Mercosur members jumped five-fold, from US$4.1
billion to US$21.4 billion.
Mercosur member countries have said they
plan to strengthen their regional pact as a
precursor to joining with other hemispheric
neighbors in creating a Free Trade Area of the
Americas- FTAA. Pact members have also
declared the intention of negotiating as a bloc with
the European Union.

According to the author, the relationships between Brazil and Argentina in the 70s were

Alternativas
Comentários
  • d) unfriendly - "hostil";

    O texto diz: "... strained relationships between
    their respective military governments." que significa "relacionamento tenso entre seus respectivos governos militares."
  • Gabrito letra E: unfriendly


  • It was born out of an

    early-Eighties process of détente between Brazil

    and Argentina, which during the Seventies had

    often suffered from strained relationships


ID
9598
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MRE
Ano
2002
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below in order to answer questions 21
to 25:

Mercosur
Mercosur is by far the most successful in a
long history of attempts to promote economic
integration in South America. It was born out of an
early-Eighties process of détente between Brazil
and Argentina, which during the Seventies had
often suffered from strained relationships between
their respective military governments.
The trade between Mercosur countries and
the rest of the world grew 79% in the period 1990-
98, but over the same time trade between
Mercosur members jumped five-fold, from US$4.1
billion to US$21.4 billion.
Mercosur member countries have said they
plan to strengthen their regional pact as a
precursor to joining with other hemispheric
neighbors in creating a Free Trade Area of the
Americas- FTAA. Pact members have also
declared the intention of negotiating as a bloc with
the European Union.

According to the text, Mercosur

Alternativas
Comentários
  • parte justificadora:
    The trade between Mercosur... GREW 79% ...over the same time trade between Mercosur members JUMPED FIVE-FOLD.
    =]
  • The trade between Mercosur countries and

    the rest of the world grew 79% in the period 1990-

    98, but over the same time trade between

    Mercosur members jumped five-fold, from US$4.1

    billion to US$21.4 billion.


ID
9601
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MRE
Ano
2002
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below in order to answer questions 21
to 25:

Mercosur
Mercosur is by far the most successful in a
long history of attempts to promote economic
integration in South America. It was born out of an
early-Eighties process of détente between Brazil
and Argentina, which during the Seventies had
often suffered from strained relationships between
their respective military governments.
The trade between Mercosur countries and
the rest of the world grew 79% in the period 1990-
98, but over the same time trade between
Mercosur members jumped five-fold, from US$4.1
billion to US$21.4 billion.
Mercosur member countries have said they
plan to strengthen their regional pact as a
precursor to joining with other hemispheric
neighbors in creating a Free Trade Area of the
Americas- FTAA. Pact members have also
declared the intention of negotiating as a bloc with
the European Union.

The creation of Mercosur

Alternativas
Comentários
  • trecho do texto que justifica a resposta:
    Mercosur IS by far the most successful..
  • By far - by a great amount
  • Resposta: B
    The creation of Mercosur has proved successful --> A criação do Mercosul tem sido bem sucedida.
    No texto: "Mercosur is by far the most successful in a long history of attempts to promote economic integration in South America" --> O Mercosul é, de longe, a mais bem sucedida em uma longa história de tentativas de promover a integração econômica na América do Sul.
     
  • Mercosur is by far the most successful in a

    long history of attempts to promote economic

    integration in South America.


ID
9604
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MRE
Ano
2002
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below in order to answer questions 21
to 25:

Mercosur
Mercosur is by far the most successful in a
long history of attempts to promote economic
integration in South America. It was born out of an
early-Eighties process of détente between Brazil
and Argentina, which during the Seventies had
often suffered from strained relationships between
their respective military governments.
The trade between Mercosur countries and
the rest of the world grew 79% in the period 1990-
98, but over the same time trade between
Mercosur members jumped five-fold, from US$4.1
billion to US$21.4 billion.
Mercosur member countries have said they
plan to strengthen their regional pact as a
precursor to joining with other hemispheric
neighbors in creating a Free Trade Area of the
Americas- FTAA. Pact members have also
declared the intention of negotiating as a bloc with
the European Union.

According to the text, Mercosur member countries intend to

Alternativas
Comentários
  • Resposta: a
    According to the text, Mercosur member countries intend to make their regional pact stronger.
    Segundo o texto, os países membros do Mercosul pretendem fazer seu pacto regional mais forte.
    No texto: Mercosur member countries have said they plan to strengthen their regional pact joining with other hemispheric neighbors in creating a Free Trade Area of the Americas- FTAA.
    Países membros do Mercosul disseram que pretendem reforçar seu pacto regional se juntando com outros vizinhos do hemisfério na criação de uma Área de Livre Comércio das Américas-ALCA.

  • Mercosur member countries have said they

    plan to strengthen their regional pact


ID
9607
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MRE
Ano
2002
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below in order to answer questions 21
to 25:

Mercosur
Mercosur is by far the most successful in a
long history of attempts to promote economic
integration in South America. It was born out of an
early-Eighties process of détente between Brazil
and Argentina, which during the Seventies had
often suffered from strained relationships between
their respective military governments.
The trade between Mercosur countries and
the rest of the world grew 79% in the period 1990-
98, but over the same time trade between
Mercosur members jumped five-fold, from US$4.1
billion to US$21.4 billion.
Mercosur member countries have said they
plan to strengthen their regional pact as a
precursor to joining with other hemispheric
neighbors in creating a Free Trade Area of the
Americas- FTAA. Pact members have also
declared the intention of negotiating as a bloc with
the European Union.

Brazil and Argentina

Alternativas
Comentários
  • Brasil and Argentina:

    "belong to Mercosur." Pertencem ao Mercosul.
  • Mercosur is by far the most successful in a

    long history of attempts to promote economic

    integration in South America. It was born out of an

    early-Eighties process of détente between Brazil

    and Argentina.

    ... and it's, still.


ID
9610
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MRE
Ano
2002
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below in order to answer questions 26
to 30:

Anthony Harrington, American Ambassador in
Brazil
From 1999 through 2001

"Because I departed my post less than a year
ago, the changes have been neither entirely
monumental nor unforeseen. Most prominently
perhaps, Brazil has faced the effects of the severe
economic challenges of neighboring Argentina,
together with an international slow-down. Two
things stand out in this regard: first, Brazil is
weathering the storm better than most observers
anticipated, primarily because Brazil, under
President Cardoso, has already implemented
much of the key reform with which others are
struggling. Secondly, Brazil is uniquely positioned
and well-disposed to play a constructive role in
helping its neighbor through this storm.
Otherwise, I am pleased that Presidents Bush
and Cardoso are off to a positive start in their
relationship, beginning with an early visit in
Washington before I left Brasilia and another good
meeting recently".

The ex-American Ambassador refers to

Alternativas
Comentários
  • Gabarito Letra E

    Passagem que valida a alternativa correta:

    Otherwise, I am pleased that Presidents Bush and Cardoso are off to a positive start in their relationship, beginning with an early visit in Washington before I left Brasilia and another good meeting recently.

    bons estudos


ID
9613
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MRE
Ano
2002
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below in order to answer questions 26
to 30:

Anthony Harrington, American Ambassador in
Brazil
From 1999 through 2001

"Because I departed my post less than a year
ago, the changes have been neither entirely
monumental nor unforeseen. Most prominently
perhaps, Brazil has faced the effects of the severe
economic challenges of neighboring Argentina,
together with an international slow-down. Two
things stand out in this regard: first, Brazil is
weathering the storm better than most observers
anticipated, primarily because Brazil, under
President Cardoso, has already implemented
much of the key reform with which others are
struggling. Secondly, Brazil is uniquely positioned
and well-disposed to play a constructive role in
helping its neighbor through this storm.
Otherwise, I am pleased that Presidents Bush
and Cardoso are off to a positive start in their
relationship, beginning with an early visit in
Washington before I left Brasilia and another good
meeting recently".

Ambassador Anthony Harrington refers to Brazil's attitude in relation to Argentina's economic situation as

Alternativas
Comentários
  • Resposta: a
    Ambassador Anthony Harrington refers to Brazil's attitude in relation to Argentina's economic situation as cooperative.
    Tradução: 
    Embaixador Anthony Harrington refere-se a atitude do Brasil em relação à situação econômica da Argentina como cooperativa.
    No texto: "Secondly, Brazil is uniquely positioned and well-disposed to play a constructive role in helping its neighbor through this storm".
    Tradução: 
    Em segundo lugar, o Brasil está singularmente posicionado e bem-disposto a desempenhar um papel construtivo em ajudar seu vizinho a atravessar esta tempestade.



  • Biased - enviesado, tendencioso...

    Somente a alternativa "a" traz um valor positivo, as outras valores negativos. Alternativa se destaca.

    Fortis Fortuna Adiuvat


ID
9616
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MRE
Ano
2002
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below in order to answer questions 26
to 30:

Anthony Harrington, American Ambassador in
Brazil
From 1999 through 2001

"Because I departed my post less than a year
ago, the changes have been neither entirely
monumental nor unforeseen. Most prominently
perhaps, Brazil has faced the effects of the severe
economic challenges of neighboring Argentina,
together with an international slow-down. Two
things stand out in this regard: first, Brazil is
weathering the storm better than most observers
anticipated, primarily because Brazil, under
President Cardoso, has already implemented
much of the key reform with which others are
struggling. Secondly, Brazil is uniquely positioned
and well-disposed to play a constructive role in
helping its neighbor through this storm.
Otherwise, I am pleased that Presidents Bush
and Cardoso are off to a positive start in their
relationship, beginning with an early visit in
Washington before I left Brasilia and another good
meeting recently".

The text also refers to key reforms which

Alternativas
Comentários
  • período no texto que responde a questão:...Brazil, under
    President Cardoso, has ALREADY IMPLEMENTED much of the key reform with which others are
    struggling...
  • Letra "c"
    
    key reforms "já foram tratadas pelo Brasil."


ID
9619
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MRE
Ano
2002
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below in order to answer questions 26
to 30:

Anthony Harrington, American Ambassador in
Brazil
From 1999 through 2001

"Because I departed my post less than a year
ago, the changes have been neither entirely
monumental nor unforeseen. Most prominently
perhaps, Brazil has faced the effects of the severe
economic challenges of neighboring Argentina,
together with an international slow-down. Two
things stand out in this regard: first, Brazil is
weathering the storm better than most observers
anticipated, primarily because Brazil, under
President Cardoso, has already implemented
much of the key reform with which others are
struggling. Secondly, Brazil is uniquely positioned
and well-disposed to play a constructive role in
helping its neighbor through this storm.
Otherwise, I am pleased that Presidents Bush
and Cardoso are off to a positive start in their
relationship, beginning with an early visit in
Washington before I left Brasilia and another good
meeting recently".

Anthony Harrington

Alternativas
Comentários
  • former significa ex , então ex-embaixador
  • Former: ex, antigo

  • "...I left Brasilia..." = "...eu deixei Brasília..."

    Se ele já deixou Brasília, é porque não ocupa mais o cargo de embaixador.

  • A resposta está no título do texto.


ID
9622
Banca
ESAF
Órgão
MRE
Ano
2002
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read the text below in order to answer questions 26
to 30:

Anthony Harrington, American Ambassador in
Brazil
From 1999 through 2001

"Because I departed my post less than a year
ago, the changes have been neither entirely
monumental nor unforeseen. Most prominently
perhaps, Brazil has faced the effects of the severe
economic challenges of neighboring Argentina,
together with an international slow-down. Two
things stand out in this regard: first, Brazil is
weathering the storm better than most observers
anticipated, primarily because Brazil, under
President Cardoso, has already implemented
much of the key reform with which others are
struggling. Secondly, Brazil is uniquely positioned
and well-disposed to play a constructive role in
helping its neighbor through this storm.
Otherwise, I am pleased that Presidents Bush
and Cardoso are off to a positive start in their
relationship, beginning with an early visit in
Washington before I left Brasilia and another good
meeting recently".

According to the text, Presidents Bush and Cardoso

Alternativas
Comentários
  • I am pleased that Presidents Bush and Cardoso ... beginning with an early VISIT IN WASHINGTON before I left Brasilia...
  • The right answer is "have already met."Usamos o "Present Perfect"(have/has+past participle) para expressar uma ação que ocorreu no passado, mas que não mencionamos o tempo, ou seja, o que aconteceu foi mais importante do que quando aconteceu.Ex:I've been to America. I have been to the National Gallery in London. Has she tasted that dish?Podemos também usar o "present perfect" para expressar uma ação que começou no passado e que continua até o presente momento.Usamos palavras que indicam a duração da ação, o momento que começou.... como: since, for, ever, already, yet, just...Ex.I have been here for hours. They have had that car since they got married.
  • have already met

  • beginning with an early visit in Washington before I left Brasilia and another good meeting recently".

    Fortis Fortuna Adiuvat


ID
12199
Banca
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão
ANATEL
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

This text refers to items from 16 through 25.

1           Japan and Korea are outstanding markets in terms
of the world's advances in cellular telephony, where
multimedia applications have surged into feverish
4 popularity. Users in these countries have demanded
 velocity and high quality data transmission - such as
 images, videos and sounds - as the principal distinctive
 7 features for the cellular telephone. Although the industry in
 Brazil is not yet experiencing the same phase as in the
 Asian countries, innovative third generation services,
 10 aligned with world-class technology, are already present,
 with data transmission speeds of up to 2.4 Mbps.
             In fact, in some cases, Brazil has held multimedia
 13 application launches simultaneously with the United States,
 tremendously increasing the economic and digital inclusion
 that cellular telephony has fomented in recent years. The
 16 heavy impact of mobile communication on Brazilian
 society can be measured by the expansion of the customer
 base, which has been growing at historic rates of 30% a
 19 year and now serves over 50 million customers. In other
 words, four out of every ten Brazilians have a cellular
 telephone.
 22          The importance of mobile telephony has already
 surpassed that of the traditional fixed telephone system,
 because the cell phone actually fulfills the function of
 25 taking communication to all levels of the population. Its
 widespread network has opened gateways to regions that
 formerly had not been benefited by the implementation of
 28 a fixed telephone system, such as, for example, many rural
 areas that are now mobile telephone customers.
              The responsibility that cellular telephony carries
 31 as an instrument for transforming people's lives tends to
 increase enormously in the short term. In Brazil, third
 generation CDMA 3G EVDO service is already offered and
 34 is able to provide handheld resources, similar to CD, DVD
 and TV, anywhere and at any time, based on Qualcomm's
 cutting edge CDMA technology.
 Internet: (with adaptations). 

 Based on the text above, judge the following items.

Japan and Korea are the two most important countries as far as mobile telephony market is concerned.

Alternativas
Comentários
  • ERRADO!O texto diz que o Japão e a Coréia são mercados importantes em termos de avanços em telefonia celular no mundo, não que são os mais importantes, como afirma a assertiva.Vejamos o texto:Japan and Korea are outstanding markets in terms of the world’s advances in cellular telephony(...)
  • Japão e Coreia são os dois países mais importantes no que se refere ao mercado de telefonia móvel.
    "Japan and Korea are outstanding markets in terms of the world's advances in cellular telephony, where multimedia applications have surged into feverish popularity."

    "Japão e Coreia são mercados extraordinários em termos dos avançosmundiais em telefonia celular, onde  aplicações de multimédia têm subido em febril popularidade."
    Conforme primeiro parágrafo do texto, apesar de mencionar que Japão e Coreia estão se superando no mercado de telefonia móvel, não podemos dizer que são os países mais importantes.
    O item está errado.
     
  • e-

    Outstanding - impressive, superb, impressionante

  • alguém pode me explicar o uso do AS FAR AS?

  • Gabarito: ERRADO

    Japan and Korea are the two most important countries as far as mobile telephony market is concerned.

    Japão e Coreia são os dois países mais importantes quando se é levado em conta o mercado de telefonia móvel.

    Japan and Korea are outstanding markets in terms of the world’s advances in cellular telephony, where cellular multimedia applications have surged into feverish popularity.

    Japão e Coreia são os mercados de destaque em termos de avanços do mundo em telefonia celular, onde celulares de aplicações multimídia subiram em febril popularidade.

    Observe que o texto fala que eles são mercados excepcionais, extraordinários, que tem importância, o texto não diz que eles são os dois MAIS importantes, não usa o superlativo como o enunciado expressa. 


ID
12202
Banca
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão
ANATEL
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

This text refers to items from 16 through 25.

1           Japan and Korea are outstanding markets in terms
of the world's advances in cellular telephony, where
multimedia applications have surged into feverish
4 popularity. Users in these countries have demanded
 velocity and high quality data transmission - such as
 images, videos and sounds - as the principal distinctive
 7 features for the cellular telephone. Although the industry in
 Brazil is not yet experiencing the same phase as in the
 Asian countries, innovative third generation services,
 10 aligned with world-class technology, are already present,
 with data transmission speeds of up to 2.4 Mbps.
             In fact, in some cases, Brazil has held multimedia
 13 application launches simultaneously with the United States,
 tremendously increasing the economic and digital inclusion
 that cellular telephony has fomented in recent years. The
 16 heavy impact of mobile communication on Brazilian
 society can be measured by the expansion of the customer
 base, which has been growing at historic rates of 30% a
 19 year and now serves over 50 million customers. In other
 words, four out of every ten Brazilians have a cellular
 telephone.
 22          The importance of mobile telephony has already
 surpassed that of the traditional fixed telephone system,
 because the cell phone actually fulfills the function of
 25 taking communication to all levels of the population. Its
 widespread network has opened gateways to regions that
 formerly had not been benefited by the implementation of
 28 a fixed telephone system, such as, for example, many rural
 areas that are now mobile telephone customers.
              The responsibility that cellular telephony carries
 31 as an instrument for transforming people's lives tends to
 increase enormously in the short term. In Brazil, third
 generation CDMA 3G EVDO service is already offered and
 34 is able to provide handheld resources, similar to CD, DVD
 and TV, anywhere and at any time, based on Qualcomm's
 cutting edge CDMA technology.
 Internet: (with adaptations). 

 Based on the text above, judge the following items.

All that Japanese and Korean peoples request in cellular telephony are images, video and sound.

Alternativas
Comentários
  • As solicitações não se restrigem apenas a estas(images, video and sound), como afirma a assertiva.O texto apenas as utiliza como exemplo.Vejamos o texto:"Users in these countries have demanded velocity and high quality data transmissionsuch as images, videos and sounds — as the principal distinctive features for the cellular telephone.
  • e-

     Users in these countries have demanded  velocity and high quality data transmission - such as  images, videos and sounds - as the principal distinctivefeatures for the cellular telephone. 

     

    Eles querem transmissao de qualidade, e nao videos, imagens e sons.

  • Gabarito: ERRADO

    Tudo que os japoneses e os coreanos solicitam em telefonia celular são imagens, vídeos e som.

    Users in these countries have demanded velocity and high-quality data transmission — such as images, videos and sounds — as the principal distinctive features for the cellular telephone.

    Os usuários nesses países exigiram velocidade e alta qualidade de transmissão de dados - como imagens, vídeos e sons - como recursos distintivos principais para o telefone celular.

    Observe que essa exigência não é a única, ela é a principal, o texto não diz que é só isso que eles querem em telefonia celular. 

  • Cada uma que a PRF apronta pra gente

  • Física até vai, agora inglês...

  • Segundo o professor Renato Baggio é preciso ter cuidado com essas palavras extremas (a exemplo do All como no enunciado).

    Mas a resposta está no trecho"...Users in these countries have demanded velocity and high quality data transmission - such asi images videos and sounds - as the principal distinctive...".


ID
12205
Banca
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão
ANATEL
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

This text refers to items from 16 through 25.

1           Japan and Korea are outstanding markets in terms
of the world's advances in cellular telephony, where
multimedia applications have surged into feverish
4 popularity. Users in these countries have demanded
 velocity and high quality data transmission - such as
 images, videos and sounds - as the principal distinctive
 7 features for the cellular telephone. Although the industry in
 Brazil is not yet experiencing the same phase as in the
 Asian countries, innovative third generation services,
 10 aligned with world-class technology, are already present,
 with data transmission speeds of up to 2.4 Mbps.
             In fact, in some cases, Brazil has held multimedia
 13 application launches simultaneously with the United States,
 tremendously increasing the economic and digital inclusion
 that cellular telephony has fomented in recent years. The
 16 heavy impact of mobile communication on Brazilian
 society can be measured by the expansion of the customer
 base, which has been growing at historic rates of 30% a
 19 year and now serves over 50 million customers. In other
 words, four out of every ten Brazilians have a cellular
 telephone.
 22          The importance of mobile telephony has already
 surpassed that of the traditional fixed telephone system,
 because the cell phone actually fulfills the function of
 25 taking communication to all levels of the population. Its
 widespread network has opened gateways to regions that
 formerly had not been benefited by the implementation of
 28 a fixed telephone system, such as, for example, many rural
 areas that are now mobile telephone customers.
              The responsibility that cellular telephony carries
 31 as an instrument for transforming people's lives tends to
 increase enormously in the short term. In Brazil, third
 generation CDMA 3G EVDO service is already offered and
 34 is able to provide handheld resources, similar to CD, DVD
 and TV, anywhere and at any time, based on Qualcomm's
 cutting edge CDMA technology.
 Internet: (with adaptations). 

 Based on the text above, judge the following items.

In terms of cellular telephony, Brazil is far behind the two Asian countries mentioned in the text.

Alternativas
Comentários
  • O termo far dá o sentido de que o Brasil está MUITO atrás... o que não está de acordo com o texto
  • A assertiva diz que: 'Em termos de telefonia celular, o Brasil está muito atrás dos dois países asiáticos mencionados no texto.'No entanto, o texto não é tão enfático, vejamos:"Although the industry in Brazil is not yet experiencing the same phase as in the Asian countries, innovative third generation services, aligned with world-class technology, are already present, with data transmission speeds of up to 2.4 Mbps."Ou seja, apesar de a indústria no Brasil ainda não está na mesma fase em que os países asiáticos se encontram, serviços inovadores de terceira geração, alinhado com tecnologia de classe mundial, já estão presentes, com velocidades de transmissão de dados de até 2,4 Mbps. Portanto, não está muito atrás!":)
  • e-

    Ha indícios de desenvolvimento pelo menos comparáveis com os do inicio do texto:, innovative third generation services,aligned with world-class technology, are already present, with data transmission speeds of up to 2.4 Mbps.

     

  • Gabarito: ERRADO

    Em termos de telefonia celular, o Brasil está muito atrás dos dois países asiáticos mencionados no texto.

    Although the industry in Brazil is not yet experiencing the same phase as in the Asian countries, innovative third generation services, third aligned with world-class technology, are already present, with data transmission speeds of up to 2.4 Mbps.

    Embora a indústria no Brasil ainda não está experimentando a mesma fase, como nos Países asiáticos, serviços inovadores de terceira geração alinhados com tecnologia de classe mundial, já estão presentes, com velocidades de transmissão de dados de até 2,4 Mbps.

    Observe que realmente o texto fala que o Brasil não está no mesmo nível que os países asiáticos, está atrás, mas não tão atrás como diz o enunciado. Perceba que o parágrafo diz que serviços inovadores de tecnologia mundial estão presentes!


ID
12208
Banca
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão
ANATEL
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

This text refers to items from 16 through 25.

1           Japan and Korea are outstanding markets in terms
of the world's advances in cellular telephony, where
multimedia applications have surged into feverish
4 popularity. Users in these countries have demanded
 velocity and high quality data transmission - such as
 images, videos and sounds - as the principal distinctive
 7 features for the cellular telephone. Although the industry in
 Brazil is not yet experiencing the same phase as in the
 Asian countries, innovative third generation services,
 10 aligned with world-class technology, are already present,
 with data transmission speeds of up to 2.4 Mbps.
             In fact, in some cases, Brazil has held multimedia
 13 application launches simultaneously with the United States,
 tremendously increasing the economic and digital inclusion
 that cellular telephony has fomented in recent years. The
 16 heavy impact of mobile communication on Brazilian
 society can be measured by the expansion of the customer
 base, which has been growing at historic rates of 30% a
 19 year and now serves over 50 million customers. In other
 words, four out of every ten Brazilians have a cellular
 telephone.
 22          The importance of mobile telephony has already
 surpassed that of the traditional fixed telephone system,
 because the cell phone actually fulfills the function of
 25 taking communication to all levels of the population. Its
 widespread network has opened gateways to regions that
 formerly had not been benefited by the implementation of
 28 a fixed telephone system, such as, for example, many rural
 areas that are now mobile telephone customers.
              The responsibility that cellular telephony carries
 31 as an instrument for transforming people's lives tends to
 increase enormously in the short term. In Brazil, third
 generation CDMA 3G EVDO service is already offered and
 34 is able to provide handheld resources, similar to CD, DVD
 and TV, anywhere and at any time, based on Qualcomm's
 cutting edge CDMA technology.
 Internet: (with adaptations). 

 Based on the text above, judge the following items.

There are cases when Brazil and USA have launched multimedia applications at the same time.

Alternativas
Comentários
  • Correto!!Vejamos o texto:'In fact, in some cases, Brazil has held multimedia application launches simultaneously with the United States,(...)'
  • c-

     In fact, in some cases, Brazil has held multimedia application launches simultaneously with the United States, tremendously increasing the economic and digital inclusion  that cellular telephony has fomented in recent years.

  • Gabarito: CERTO

    Existem casos em que o Brasil e USA lançaram aplicações multimídia ao mesmo tempo.

    In fact, in some cases, Brazil has held multimedia application launches simultaneously with the United States, tremendously increasing the economic and digital inclusion and that cellular telephony has fomented in recent years.

    De fato, em alguns casos, o Brasil tem lançado aplicativos multimídia simultaneamente com os Estados Unidos, aumentando tremendamente a inclusão econômica e digital que a telefonia celular fomentou nos últimos anos.

    At the same time = ao mesmo tempo = simultaneously = simultaneamente, concomitantemente

    Observe que a assertiva usa um termo sinônimo para expressar a mesma redação textual. 

  • Certo

      In fact, in some cases, Brazil has held multimedia  13 application launches simultaneously with the United States.


ID
12211
Banca
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão
ANATEL
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

This text refers to items from 16 through 25.

1           Japan and Korea are outstanding markets in terms
of the world's advances in cellular telephony, where
multimedia applications have surged into feverish
4 popularity. Users in these countries have demanded
 velocity and high quality data transmission - such as
 images, videos and sounds - as the principal distinctive
 7 features for the cellular telephone. Although the industry in
 Brazil is not yet experiencing the same phase as in the
 Asian countries, innovative third generation services,
 10 aligned with world-class technology, are already present,
 with data transmission speeds of up to 2.4 Mbps.
             In fact, in some cases, Brazil has held multimedia
 13 application launches simultaneously with the United States,
 tremendously increasing the economic and digital inclusion
 that cellular telephony has fomented in recent years. The
 16 heavy impact of mobile communication on Brazilian
 society can be measured by the expansion of the customer
 base, which has been growing at historic rates of 30% a
 19 year and now serves over 50 million customers. In other
 words, four out of every ten Brazilians have a cellular
 telephone.
 22          The importance of mobile telephony has already
 surpassed that of the traditional fixed telephone system,
 because the cell phone actually fulfills the function of
 25 taking communication to all levels of the population. Its
 widespread network has opened gateways to regions that
 formerly had not been benefited by the implementation of
 28 a fixed telephone system, such as, for example, many rural
 areas that are now mobile telephone customers.
              The responsibility that cellular telephony carries
 31 as an instrument for transforming people's lives tends to
 increase enormously in the short term. In Brazil, third
 generation CDMA 3G EVDO service is already offered and
 34 is able to provide handheld resources, similar to CD, DVD
 and TV, anywhere and at any time, based on Qualcomm's
 cutting edge CDMA technology.
 Internet: (with adaptations). 

 Based on the text above, judge the following items.

Six out of ten Brazilians don't have a cellular phone yet.

Alternativas
Comentários
  • Atenção ao enunciado "don't have", uma leitura rápida pode induzir ao erro.
  • Correto!!Ou seja, " In other words, four out of every ten Brazilians have a cellulartelephone."
  • Ódio porque não notei o don't. ÓDIO!
  • Essa é a questão de lógica do cespe

  • c-

     In other words, four out of every ten Brazilians have a cellular  telephone.

    10 - 4 = 6

  •  

    Certo

    In other  words, four out of every ten Brazilians have a cellular  telephone.

    De 10 pessoas 4 possuem

    Ou seja, 6 de cada 10 não possuem

    Questão de raciocínio lógico

  • Essa questão é para maioria ir embora pra casa feliz e só depois chorar kkkkkk

    Matemática with Inglês


ID
12214
Banca
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão
ANATEL
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

This text refers to items from 16 through 25.

1           Japan and Korea are outstanding markets in terms
of the world's advances in cellular telephony, where
multimedia applications have surged into feverish
4 popularity. Users in these countries have demanded
 velocity and high quality data transmission - such as
 images, videos and sounds - as the principal distinctive
 7 features for the cellular telephone. Although the industry in
 Brazil is not yet experiencing the same phase as in the
 Asian countries, innovative third generation services,
 10 aligned with world-class technology, are already present,
 with data transmission speeds of up to 2.4 Mbps.
             In fact, in some cases, Brazil has held multimedia
 13 application launches simultaneously with the United States,
 tremendously increasing the economic and digital inclusion
 that cellular telephony has fomented in recent years. The
 16 heavy impact of mobile communication on Brazilian
 society can be measured by the expansion of the customer
 base, which has been growing at historic rates of 30% a
 19 year and now serves over 50 million customers. In other
 words, four out of every ten Brazilians have a cellular
 telephone.
 22          The importance of mobile telephony has already
 surpassed that of the traditional fixed telephone system,
 because the cell phone actually fulfills the function of
 25 taking communication to all levels of the population. Its
 widespread network has opened gateways to regions that
 formerly had not been benefited by the implementation of
 28 a fixed telephone system, such as, for example, many rural
 areas that are now mobile telephone customers.
              The responsibility that cellular telephony carries
 31 as an instrument for transforming people's lives tends to
 increase enormously in the short term. In Brazil, third
 generation CDMA 3G EVDO service is already offered and
 34 is able to provide handheld resources, similar to CD, DVD
 and TV, anywhere and at any time, based on Qualcomm's
 cutting edge CDMA technology.
 Internet: (with adaptations). 

 Based on the text above, judge the following items.

The mobile phone system aims at reaching every Brazilian social class.

Alternativas
Comentários
  • Correto!!O sistema de telefone móvel visa atingir todas as classes sociais brasileiras.Vejamos o texto:"The importance of mobile telephony has already surpassed that of the traditional fixed telephone system, because the cell phone actually fulfills the function of taking communication to all levels of the population.
  • Não concordo... quando fala "aims" dá a ideia de que isso não acontece ainda... que é algo que se quer chegar... sendo que o próprio texto fala que isso já acontece.

    The importance of mobile telephony has already surpassed that of the traditional fixed telephone system, because the cell phone actually fulfills the function of taking communication to all levels of the population.

  • c-

     The importance of mobile telephony has already surpassed that of the traditional fixed telephone system, because the cell phone actually fulfills the function of taking communication to all levels of the population.

     

    Lucas Micas, o cespe tem mais de 1 examinador por assunto. Isso gera o dilema de inferir coisa do texto ou levá-lo pelo sentido literal. Nao ha como afirmar, pelo texto, que telefonia móvel pretende fazer isso; somente sabemos que há o papel de levar comunicação para as camadas da sociedade e quem faz isso é o celular.

  • Linha 25  taking communication to all levels of the population.

  • Gabarito: CERTO

    O sistema de telefonia móvel pretende alcançar todas as classes sociais brasileiras.

    The importance of mobile telephony has already surpassed that of the traditional fixed telephone system, because the cell phone actually fulfills the function of taking communication to all levels of the population.

    A importância da telefonia móvel já ultrapassou a do sistema de telefone fixo tradicional, porque o telefone celular realmente cumpre a função de levar a comunicação para todos os níveis da população.

    every brasilian social class = cada classe social brasileira = all levels of the population = todos os níveis da população

    A assertiva usa um termo sinônimo para dizer a mesma coisa do texto, como você pode observar acima.


ID
12217
Banca
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão
ANATEL
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

This text refers to items from 16 through 25.

1           Japan and Korea are outstanding markets in terms
of the world's advances in cellular telephony, where
multimedia applications have surged into feverish
4 popularity. Users in these countries have demanded
 velocity and high quality data transmission - such as
 images, videos and sounds - as the principal distinctive
 7 features for the cellular telephone. Although the industry in
 Brazil is not yet experiencing the same phase as in the
 Asian countries, innovative third generation services,
 10 aligned with world-class technology, are already present,
 with data transmission speeds of up to 2.4 Mbps.
             In fact, in some cases, Brazil has held multimedia
 13 application launches simultaneously with the United States,
 tremendously increasing the economic and digital inclusion
 that cellular telephony has fomented in recent years. The
 16 heavy impact of mobile communication on Brazilian
 society can be measured by the expansion of the customer
 base, which has been growing at historic rates of 30% a
 19 year and now serves over 50 million customers. In other
 words, four out of every ten Brazilians have a cellular
 telephone.
 22          The importance of mobile telephony has already
 surpassed that of the traditional fixed telephone system,
 because the cell phone actually fulfills the function of
 25 taking communication to all levels of the population. Its
 widespread network has opened gateways to regions that
 formerly had not been benefited by the implementation of
 28 a fixed telephone system, such as, for example, many rural
 areas that are now mobile telephone customers.
              The responsibility that cellular telephony carries
 31 as an instrument for transforming people's lives tends to
 increase enormously in the short term. In Brazil, third
 generation CDMA 3G EVDO service is already offered and
 34 is able to provide handheld resources, similar to CD, DVD
 and TV, anywhere and at any time, based on Qualcomm's
 cutting edge CDMA technology.
 Internet: (with adaptations). 

 Based on the text above, judge the following items.

Cellular phones have substituted for the fixed telephone system.

Alternativas
Comentários
  • ERRADO!É o inverso!Segue o texto:" The importance of mobile telephony has already surpassed that of the traditional fixed telephone system, because the cell phone actually fulfills the function of taking communication to all levels of the population."
  • WRONG

  • e-

    Superou em importância, mas nao substituiu

  • a questão fala que o celular smartphone pode ser substituído por sistema de telefônia, claro que não o smartphone é objeto do sistema de telefônia.
  • ERRADO

    Superou  "..mobile telephony has already surpassed... " , mas não substituindo "have substituted" (present perfect) como propõe a questão.

  • Muitos comentários errados e em desacordo com o que a questão pede.

    ÚNICO comentario correto é a da Cris Cris, ela sim falou o porque do erro da questão, outros comentários estão viajando muito!

  • Gabarito: ERRADO

    Os telefones celulares têm substituído temporariamente o sistema de telefone fixo.

    The importance of mobile telephony has already surpassed that of the traditional fixed telephone system fixed because the cell phone actually fulfills the function taking communication to all levels of the population.

    A importância da telefonia móvel já tem superado a do sistema de telefonia fixa tradicional, porque o telefone celular realmente cumpre a função de levar comunicação a todos os níveis da população.

    O verbo substitute quando seguido pela preposição for significa substituir temporariamente. O texto diz que o uso celular já ultrapassou o telefone fixo. Portanto, ele veio para ficar, e não apenas para ser usado temporariamente em substituição ao fixo. 

  • Not yet.

    gab: errado


ID
12220
Banca
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão
ANATEL
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

This text refers to items from 16 through 25.

1           Japan and Korea are outstanding markets in terms
of the world's advances in cellular telephony, where
multimedia applications have surged into feverish
4 popularity. Users in these countries have demanded
 velocity and high quality data transmission - such as
 images, videos and sounds - as the principal distinctive
 7 features for the cellular telephone. Although the industry in
 Brazil is not yet experiencing the same phase as in the
 Asian countries, innovative third generation services,
 10 aligned with world-class technology, are already present,
 with data transmission speeds of up to 2.4 Mbps.
             In fact, in some cases, Brazil has held multimedia
 13 application launches simultaneously with the United States,
 tremendously increasing the economic and digital inclusion
 that cellular telephony has fomented in recent years. The
 16 heavy impact of mobile communication on Brazilian
 society can be measured by the expansion of the customer
 base, which has been growing at historic rates of 30% a
 19 year and now serves over 50 million customers. In other
 words, four out of every ten Brazilians have a cellular
 telephone.
 22          The importance of mobile telephony has already
 surpassed that of the traditional fixed telephone system,
 because the cell phone actually fulfills the function of
 25 taking communication to all levels of the population. Its
 widespread network has opened gateways to regions that
 formerly had not been benefited by the implementation of
 28 a fixed telephone system, such as, for example, many rural
 areas that are now mobile telephone customers.
              The responsibility that cellular telephony carries
 31 as an instrument for transforming people's lives tends to
 increase enormously in the short term. In Brazil, third
 generation CDMA 3G EVDO service is already offered and
 34 is able to provide handheld resources, similar to CD, DVD
 and TV, anywhere and at any time, based on Qualcomm's
 cutting edge CDMA technology.
 Internet: (with adaptations). 

 Based on the text above, judge the following items.

The more people use the cellular telephony the more responsibility it takes.

Alternativas
Comentários
  • CORRETO!" The responsibility that cellular telephony carries as an instrument for transforming people’s lives tends to increase enormously in the short term."the more... the more... =>used to say that when an action or event continues, there will be a particular result
  • RIGHT

  • não concordo... aonde no texto ele fala que a responsabilidade está ligada com aumento do uso? muita suposição. No próximo parágrafo ele ainda associa às novas tecnologias e não ao uso crescente das pessoas....

     

    The responsibility that cellular telephony carries as an instrument for transforming people’s lives tends to increase enormously in the short term.

    Aqui só fala que a responsabilidade que o celular vai aumentar... e não fala o motivo....

  • c-

    Aumento de Resposnibility com o n° de pessoas pode ser concluído consoante o tema central do texto, o aumento crescente de usuarios do celular.A sua importancia superou a do tel. fixo por ter mais aderentes, o que lhe conferiu a função de levar comunicação a outras esferas da sociedade, uma atribuição que tende a aumentar conforme mais pessoas passam a usa-lo

  • Gabarito: CERTO

    Quanto mais pessoas usam telefonia celular, mas responsabilidade ela toma.

    The responsibility that cellular telephony carries as an instrument for transforming people’s lives tends to transforming increase enormously in the short term.

    A responsabilidade que a telefonia celular tem como um instrumento para transformar a vida das pessoas tende a aumentar enormemente a curto prazo.

    Tanto o enunciado como o texto falam sobre o aumento da responsabilidade da telefonia celular, usam palavras similares. 


ID
12226
Banca
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão
ANATEL
Ano
2006
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

This text refers to items from 16 through 25.

1           Japan and Korea are outstanding markets in terms
of the world's advances in cellular telephony, where
multimedia applications have surged into feverish
4 popularity. Users in these countries have demanded
 velocity and high quality data transmission - such as
 images, videos and sounds - as the principal distinctive
 7 features for the cellular telephone. Although the industry in
 Brazil is not yet experiencing the same phase as in the
 Asian countries, innovative third generation services,
 10 aligned with world-class technology, are already present,
 with data transmission speeds of up to 2.4 Mbps.
             In fact, in some cases, Brazil has held multimedia
 13 application launches simultaneously with the United States,
 tremendously increasing the economic and digital inclusion
 that cellular telephony has fomented in recent years. The
 16 heavy impact of mobile communication on Brazilian
 society can be measured by the expansion of the customer
 base, which has been growing at historic rates of 30% a
 19 year and now serves over 50 million customers. In other
 words, four out of every ten Brazilians have a cellular
 telephone.
 22          The importance of mobile telephony has already
 surpassed that of the traditional fixed telephone system,
 because the cell phone actually fulfills the function of
 25 taking communication to all levels of the population. Its
 widespread network has opened gateways to regions that
 formerly had not been benefited by the implementation of
 28 a fixed telephone system, such as, for example, many rural
 areas that are now mobile telephone customers.
              The responsibility that cellular telephony carries
 31 as an instrument for transforming people's lives tends to
 increase enormously in the short term. In Brazil, third
 generation CDMA 3G EVDO service is already offered and
 34 is able to provide handheld resources, similar to CD, DVD
 and TV, anywhere and at any time, based on Qualcomm's
 cutting edge CDMA technology.
 Internet: (with adaptations). 

 Based on the text above, judge the following items.

"is already offered" (R.33) can be replaced by has already been offered without changing the meaning.

Alternativas
Comentários
  • "O que o autor do texto diz com a primeira locução verbal, referindo-se aos serviços de terceira geração é que eles já estão em oferta no país; ao passo que com a segunda forma verbal, has already been offered, mudaria o sentido indicando algo que já foi oferecido num tempo passado não determinado."(Ponto dos Concursos)
  • (L33)"In Brazil, third generation CDMA 3G EVDO service is already offered and is able to provide handheld resources..."
    "No Brasil, o serviço de terceira geração CDMA EVDO 3G já está disponível e é  capaz de fornecer recursos ..."
    "is already offered"- (já é oferecido), refere-se  a serviços que estão disponíveis, ao passo que  "has already been offered"- (foi oferecido), indica  algo que já foi oferecido num tempo passado não determinado."
    Portanto "is already offered", não pode ser substituído por has already been offered " sem mudar o sentido.
    O item está errado.


  • Passível de anulação tranquilamente. Pra afirmar que has already been offered está estático em algum ponto do passado teria de haver uma referência temporal restritiva. Da maneira como foi escrito has offered funciona como 'já foi colocado em disponibilidade para venda'.

    Aqui uma ótima explicação:

    The present perfect is called 'present' for a reason. The speaker is talking about the situation now, a situation in which a past event has some bearing on the present. For example, The message has been sent might be followed by a comment such as so it's too late to do anything about it now.

    Ou seja, se a intenção era colocar a ação estritamente no passado o certo seria usar past tense, neste caso, was offered. O already poderia causar dúvida, mas o uso dele não anula a possibilidade da consequência do ato perdurar até o presente.

    Em resumo, questão confusa e ambígua, portanto deveria ter sido anulada.

     

  • e-

    is already being offered - indica algo acontecendo com destaque a sua duração contínua.

    has already been offered - nao ha idea de evento com tempo corrido. O present perfect até pode indicar algo que ainda ocorre, mas nao ha conotação de continuidade. Usar o exemplo acima pode indicar algo ocorrendo de modo intermitente. Logo, nao traz o mesmo sentido

  • Gabarito: ERRADO

    "Já é oferecido" (l.33) pode ser substituído por já tem sido oferecido sem alterar o significado.

    In Brazil, third generation CDMA 3G EVDO service is already offered and generation is able to provide handheld resources, similar to CD, DVD provide and TV, anywhere and at any time, based on Qualcomm’s cutting-edge CDMA technology.

    No Brasil, o serviço de terceira geração CDMA EVDO 3G já é oferecido e é capaz de fornecer recursos de mão, semelhante a CD, DVD e TV, em qualquer lugar e a qualquer momento, com base na tecnologia de ponta CDMA da Qualcomm.

    is offered = Voz Passiva no Presente Simples

    has been offered = Voz Passiva no tempo verbal Present Perfect

    O termo do texto expressa certeza, enquanto que o termo no enunciado sugere algo que tem acontecido mas é algo vago. Portanto a interpretação muda se substituirmos um pelo outro. 

  • CESPE BOTA PRA F**** no português e no INGLES ! PRF 2021! ESTOU ACERTANTO NAS DUAS MATÉRIAS!!!

  • Não entendo não cara. É frustrante.

    É ensinado que present perfect é algo que começou num passado, não determinado, e que não acabou e ainda afeta o presente.


ID
17722
Banca
CESGRANRIO
Órgão
BNDES
Ano
2008
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

          Green is the hot topic these days, and the concept
     is having an impact on the way people think about
     datacenters. Companies around the world are
     announcing ways to save energy and reduce costs by
5   buying new hardware and services. Yet, there is little
     guidance on how you can take action to control energy
     costs. In the past, electricity has been treated as an
     overhead expense, like the cost of space. But with rising
     power costs and issues regarding reliability, supply, and
10  capacity, electricity requires its own specific strategy.
          Projects regarding performance optimization and
     cost reduction are a part of everyday best practices in
     nearly every area of business. So why not treat energy
     cost in the same way?
15      As Information Technologies (IT) pros, many of us
     make decisions about the configuration and setup of
     servers, the specifications on the equipment our
     organizations purchase, and the requirements for
     datacenter upgrades and construction. We even provide
20  early design input during application development. When
     it comes to these projects, we obviously have a golden
     opportunity to be green and influence the energy
     efficiency of any datacenter.
          The first part of any strategy is to know your current
25  energy usage. You need to know where your energy is
     used and by what specific equipment, as well as what
     usage is efficient and what is wasteful in the datacenter.
     Unfortunately, it's rare to find power-consumption
     metering in place that can break down usage to a level
30  where people can see the results of their actions. Most
     organizations typically only see a monthly power bill
     that rolls up consumption into an overall bottom line.
     This offers little incentive for saving energy since
     individuals never see the impact of their decisions, and
35  there is no way for them to prove that their changes
     have actually saved energy.
          One of the first issues people confront when
     considering a green datacenter initiative is whether they
     have executive support. For the purpose of the article, I
40  am going to assume the answer is "not yet." Executive
     support requires a serious commitment that provides
     resources and budget for your initiative. And while there
     is a lot of talk about green datacenters, the reality is
     that there is still often a lack of serious support at the
45  executive level. If you did already have such executive
     support, you would probably be running a green
     datacenter right now.
          Still, even assuming you are not getting the support
     you need, there is a great deal you can do to push your
50  green datacenter initiative forward. So how do you
     determine effective actions to take in achieving your
     goals? Fortunately, energy efficiency is not a new
     concept and there is a lot that IT pros can learn from
     other industries. [.]
55      Anyway, for whichever direction you choose,
     planning an energy efficiency program for your datacenter
     will require collaboration across groups in IT. Until
     recently, the typical approach to planning IT solutions
     has been to ignore power costs early on during the design
60  phase, focusing on the hardware and software being
     purchased, along with the labor and hosting costs of
     the solution. When power is buried in the overhead cost
     of running solutions in a datacenter, energy efficiency
     is a low priority. Exposing the actual power being
65  consumed by solutions is the first critical step in changing
     the behavior of your organization.

By Dave Ohara
TechNet Magazine, October 2007

All the statements below refer to ideas expressed in the first paragraph, EXCEPT one. Mark it.

Alternativas
Comentários
  • This text don't explain what we will doing for reduce the wastefull in datacenters
  • This text don't explain what we will doing for reduce the wastefull in datacenters
  • Gabarito: E.

     

    Na verdade, o que faz a alternativa E ser o gabarito é que ela afirma que há poucas instruções sobre como reduzir os custos através do hardware.

     

    A informação, no referido trecho do texto, não é restrita a hardware.

  • a)But with rising power costs and issues regarding reliability, supply, and capacity, electricity requires its own specific strategy.


    b)Companies around the world are announcing ways to save energy and reduce costs by buying new hardware and services.

     

    c)Green is the hot topic these days, and the concept is having an impact on the way people think about datacenters.

     

    d)In the past, electricity has been treated as an overhead expense, like the cost of space.


    e)MISSING.

  • GAB: LETRA E

    Complementando!

    Fonte: Karla Branco

    A - It is important to develop a strategy to control energy costs in datacenters.

    ERRADO.

    De acordo com o primeiro parágrafo do texto, empresas de todo o mundo anunciam formas de economizar energia e reduzir custos. Observe:

    • Companies around the world are announcing ways to save energy and reduce costs (l. 3-4)

    Além disso, é necessário criar estratégias adequadas à questão energética

    • […] electricity requires its own specific strategy. (l. 10)

    Sendo assim, o primeiro parágrafo do texto afirma que é importante desenvolver uma estratégia para controlar a energia nos datacenters

    ===

    B - Companies can reduce energy consumption by changing computer hardware.

    ERRADO.

    De acordo com o primeiro parágrafo do texto, empresas de todo o mundo anunciam formas de economizar energia e reduzir custos por meio da compra de novos hardware e serviços. Observe:

    • Companies around the world are announcing ways to save energy and reduce costs by buying new hardware and services. (l. 3-5)

    Sendo assim, o primeiro parágrafo do texto afirma que as empresas podem economizar energia se trocarem os 

    seus hardwares.

    ===

    C - The current concern with protection of natural resources affects datacenters.

    ERRADO.

    De acordo com o primeiro parágrafo do texto, o conceito da sustentabilidade tem causado impacto na forma de pensar daqueles que trabalham em datacenters. Observe:

    • Green is the hot topic these days, and the concept is having an impact on the way people think about datacenters. (l. 1-3)

    Sendo assim, o primeiro parágrafo do texto afirma que a preocupação atual com a proteção dos recursos naturais afeta os datacenters.

    ===

    D - Formerly, both space and electricity costs used to be considered overhead expenses.

    ERRADO.

    De acordo com o primeiro parágrafo do texto, no passado, a energia elétrica era vista como despesa fixa, assim como o custo do espaço. Observe:

    • In the past, electricity has been treated as an overhead expense, like the cost of space. (l. 7-8) = "a energia elétrica era considerada como despesa fixa.

    Sendo assim, o primeiro parágrafo do texto afirma que, antigamente (formerly), tanto o custo do espaço quanto o da energia elétrica eram considerados como despesas estáveis.

    ===

    E - Instructions about how to reduce costs through hardware replacement are scarce.

    CERTO.

    De acordo com o primeiro parágrafo do texto, empresas de todo o mundo anunciam formas de economizar energia e reduzir custos por meio da compra de novos hardwares e serviços. Observe:

    • Companies around the world are announcing ways to save energy and reduce costs by buying new hardware and services. (l. 3-5)

    Sendo assim, o primeiro parágrafo do texto NÃO afirma que são escassas as informações sobre como as empresas economizarem energia com a troca de seus hardwares.

    Logo, a letra D é uma exceção às ideias expressas no primeiro parágrafo.


ID
17725
Banca
CESGRANRIO
Órgão
BNDES
Ano
2008
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

          Green is the hot topic these days, and the concept
     is having an impact on the way people think about
     datacenters. Companies around the world are
     announcing ways to save energy and reduce costs by
5   buying new hardware and services. Yet, there is little
     guidance on how you can take action to control energy
     costs. In the past, electricity has been treated as an
     overhead expense, like the cost of space. But with rising
     power costs and issues regarding reliability, supply, and
10  capacity, electricity requires its own specific strategy.
          Projects regarding performance optimization and
     cost reduction are a part of everyday best practices in
     nearly every area of business. So why not treat energy
     cost in the same way?
15      As Information Technologies (IT) pros, many of us
     make decisions about the configuration and setup of
     servers, the specifications on the equipment our
     organizations purchase, and the requirements for
     datacenter upgrades and construction. We even provide
20  early design input during application development. When
     it comes to these projects, we obviously have a golden
     opportunity to be green and influence the energy
     efficiency of any datacenter.
          The first part of any strategy is to know your current
25  energy usage. You need to know where your energy is
     used and by what specific equipment, as well as what
     usage is efficient and what is wasteful in the datacenter.
     Unfortunately, it's rare to find power-consumption
     metering in place that can break down usage to a level
30  where people can see the results of their actions. Most
     organizations typically only see a monthly power bill
     that rolls up consumption into an overall bottom line.
     This offers little incentive for saving energy since
     individuals never see the impact of their decisions, and
35  there is no way for them to prove that their changes
     have actually saved energy.
          One of the first issues people confront when
     considering a green datacenter initiative is whether they
     have executive support. For the purpose of the article, I
40  am going to assume the answer is "not yet." Executive
     support requires a serious commitment that provides
     resources and budget for your initiative. And while there
     is a lot of talk about green datacenters, the reality is
     that there is still often a lack of serious support at the
45  executive level. If you did already have such executive
     support, you would probably be running a green
     datacenter right now.
          Still, even assuming you are not getting the support
     you need, there is a great deal you can do to push your
50  green datacenter initiative forward. So how do you
     determine effective actions to take in achieving your
     goals? Fortunately, energy efficiency is not a new
     concept and there is a lot that IT pros can learn from
     other industries. [.]
55      Anyway, for whichever direction you choose,
     planning an energy efficiency program for your datacenter
     will require collaboration across groups in IT. Until
     recently, the typical approach to planning IT solutions
     has been to ignore power costs early on during the design
60  phase, focusing on the hardware and software being
     purchased, along with the labor and hosting costs of
     the solution. When power is buried in the overhead cost
     of running solutions in a datacenter, energy efficiency
     is a low priority. Exposing the actual power being
65  consumed by solutions is the first critical step in changing
     the behavior of your organization.

By Dave Ohara
TechNet Magazine, October 2007

The main purpose of the third paragraph is to:

Alternativas
Comentários
  • b-

    Information Technologies (IT) pros, many of us make decisions about the configuration and setup of servers, the specifications on the equipment our    organizations purchase, and the requirements for datacenter upgrades and construction. We even provide early design input during application development. When it comes to these projects, we obviously have a golden opportunity to be green and influence the energy efficiency of any datacenter.

     

    What IT professionals contribute to the company is their expert view on how the infrastructure runs and how they can help the company become more energy-efficient by making the right decisions to better regulate power consumption.

  • GAB: LETRA B

    Complementando!

    Fonte: Karla Branco

    A - explain in detail the early decisions that all information technologies experts have already made.

    ERRADO.

    No terceiro parágrafo, o autor cita algumas decisões tomadas por profissionais de Tecnologia da Informação em seus afazeres diários. No entanto, ele NÃO aborda as decisões precoces tomadas por esses profissionais.

    Logo, é errado afirmar que o principal objetivo do terceiro parágrafo é explicar em detalhes as decisões previamente tomadas pelos profissionais de TI.

    ===

    B - show the key role of information technologists in helping datacenters become energy-efficient.

    CERTO.

    No terceiro parágrafo, o autor aborda, do ponto de vista dos profissionais de Tecnologia da Informaçãoas decisões tomadas por eles em seus afazeres diários. Além disso, ele afirma que esses profissionais têm a oportunidade de agir de modo sustentável e favorável à eficiência energética nos datacenters

    Logo, é correto afirmar que o principal objetivo do terceiro parágrafo é mostrar o principal papel dos profissionais de TI em contribuir para tornar os datacenters energeticamente eficientes.

    ===

    C - blame IT professionals for any problems with equipment specifications and with configuration and setup of servers.

    ERRADO.

    No terceiro parágrafo, o autor cita algumas decisões tomadas por profissionais de Tecnologia da Informação em seus afazeres diários. Dentre essas decisões estão a configuração e o setup dos servidores, bem como as especificações dos equipamentos comprados pela empresa.

    Logo, é errado afirmar que o principal objetivo do terceiro parágrafo é culpar os profissionais de Tecnologia da Informação por problemas com as especificações dos equipamentos e a configuração e o setup dos servidores.

    ===

    D - present the author of the article as an Information Technology pro, responsible for making all the decisions described.

    ERRADO.

    No terceiro parágrafo, o autor aborda, do ponto de vista dos profissionais de Tecnologia da Informação, as decisões tomadas por eles em seus afazeres diários.

    Entretanto, isso NÃO significa que esse trecho atribua ao autor do texto a responsabilidade por tomar essas decisões

    Logo, é errado afirmar que o principal objetivo do terceiro parágrafo é apresentar o autor do texto como o profissional de Tecnologia da Informação responsável por tomar as decisões descritas.

    ===

    E - criticize information technologists who fail to influence the energy efficiency of the datacenters in which they work.

    ERRADO.

    No terceiro parágrafo, o autor aborda, do ponto de vista dos profissionais de Tecnologia da Informação, as decisões tomadas por eles em seus afazeres diários.

    Além disso, ele afirma que esses profissionais têm a oportunidade de agir de modo sustentável e favorável à eficiência energética nos datacenters

    Logo, é errado afirmar que o principal objetivo do terceiro parágrafo é criticar os profissionais de TI que fracassam em tentar tornar energeticamente eficientes os datacenters.


ID
17731
Banca
CESGRANRIO
Órgão
BNDES
Ano
2008
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

          Green is the hot topic these days, and the concept
     is having an impact on the way people think about
     datacenters. Companies around the world are
     announcing ways to save energy and reduce costs by
5   buying new hardware and services. Yet, there is little
     guidance on how you can take action to control energy
     costs. In the past, electricity has been treated as an
     overhead expense, like the cost of space. But with rising
     power costs and issues regarding reliability, supply, and
10  capacity, electricity requires its own specific strategy.
          Projects regarding performance optimization and
     cost reduction are a part of everyday best practices in
     nearly every area of business. So why not treat energy
     cost in the same way?
15      As Information Technologies (IT) pros, many of us
     make decisions about the configuration and setup of
     servers, the specifications on the equipment our
     organizations purchase, and the requirements for
     datacenter upgrades and construction. We even provide
20  early design input during application development. When
     it comes to these projects, we obviously have a golden
     opportunity to be green and influence the energy
     efficiency of any datacenter.
          The first part of any strategy is to know your current
25  energy usage. You need to know where your energy is
     used and by what specific equipment, as well as what
     usage is efficient and what is wasteful in the datacenter.
     Unfortunately, it's rare to find power-consumption
     metering in place that can break down usage to a level
30  where people can see the results of their actions. Most
     organizations typically only see a monthly power bill
     that rolls up consumption into an overall bottom line.
     This offers little incentive for saving energy since
     individuals never see the impact of their decisions, and
35  there is no way for them to prove that their changes
     have actually saved energy.
          One of the first issues people confront when
     considering a green datacenter initiative is whether they
     have executive support. For the purpose of the article, I
40  am going to assume the answer is "not yet." Executive
     support requires a serious commitment that provides
     resources and budget for your initiative. And while there
     is a lot of talk about green datacenters, the reality is
     that there is still often a lack of serious support at the
45  executive level. If you did already have such executive
     support, you would probably be running a green
     datacenter right now.
          Still, even assuming you are not getting the support
     you need, there is a great deal you can do to push your
50  green datacenter initiative forward. So how do you
     determine effective actions to take in achieving your
     goals? Fortunately, energy efficiency is not a new
     concept and there is a lot that IT pros can learn from
     other industries. [.]
55      Anyway, for whichever direction you choose,
     planning an energy efficiency program for your datacenter
     will require collaboration across groups in IT. Until
     recently, the typical approach to planning IT solutions
     has been to ignore power costs early on during the design
60  phase, focusing on the hardware and software being
     purchased, along with the labor and hosting costs of
     the solution. When power is buried in the overhead cost
     of running solutions in a datacenter, energy efficiency
     is a low priority. Exposing the actual power being
65  consumed by solutions is the first critical step in changing
     the behavior of your organization.

By Dave Ohara
TechNet Magazine, October 2007

In Paragraph 4, the author:

Alternativas
Comentários
  • a-

    The first part of any strategy is to know your current energy usage. You need to know where your energy is used and by what specific equipment, as well as what usage is efficient and what is wasteful in the datacenter. Unfortunately, it's rare to find power-consumption metering in place that can break down usage to a level where people can see the results of their actions. Most organizations typically only see a monthly power bill that rolls up consumption into an overall bottom line. This offers little incentive for saving energy since individuals never see the impact of their decisions, and there is no way for them to prove that their changes have actually saved energy.

     

    The author conveys in the 4th paragraph that there is no plausible method for gauging power consumption at data centre venues, which winds up being problematic as the only proof of how much energy was needed to run comes in the form of a singular utility bill, which does little to help track effective measures.

     

    Ha a preocupação com a falta de meios de medir energia durante as atividades cotidianas do data center, consoante o 4° parágrafo.

  • GAB: LETRA A

    Complementando!

    Fonte: Karla Branco

    A - gives advice on measures to be taken by organizations and regrets that the energy-saving efforts of datacenter workers cannot be verified.

    CERTO.

    No parágrafo 4, o autor lista conselhos úteis a respeito do consumo de energia atual da empresa

    • know where your energy is used (l. 25): “saber onde a energia é usada
    • and by what specific equipment (l. 26)”: “por qual equipamento específico [ela é usada]”
    • what usage is efficient (l. 26-27): “o que é uso eficiente”
    • what is wasteful (l. 27)”: “o que é desperdício”

    Além disso, ele lamenta que não haja uma medição que mostre às pessoas o consumo resultante de cada uma de suas ações

    Logo, é correto afirmar que o objetivo do texto é dar conselhos sobre medidas a serem adotadas pelas empresas e lamentar que os esforços para economizar energia pelos funcionários do datacenter não possam ser verificados.

    ===

    B - warns about what is wasteful in corporate datacenters and criticizes employees for not engaging in energy-saving programs.

    ERRADO.

    No parágrafo 4, o autor relaciona alguns conselhos úteis a respeito do consumo de energia atual da empresa, dentre os quais está identificar:

    • “o que é uso eficiente” (what usage is efficient - l. 26-27);
    • “o que é desperdício” (what is wasteful - l. 27)”.

    No entanto, ao fazer isso, ele apenas ressalta que não há estímulo para que as pessoas economizem energia já que elas não veem os impactos de suas ações:

    Logo, o autor NÃO adverte sobre o que é ou não desperdício e nem faz qualquer tipo de crítica aos procedimentos dos funcionários

    ===

    C - encourages the use of power-consumption metering in datacenters and claims that this is the only possible way of saving energy in an office.

    ERRADO.

    No parágrafo 4, o autor lamenta que não haja uma medição que mostre às pessoas o consumo resultante de cada uma de suas ações  

    Entretanto, ao fazer isso, ele apenas constata uma realidade dos datacenters.

    ===

    D - reveals that most organizations do not stimulate the reduction in energy consumption and blames office workers for wasting energy in datacenters.

    ERRADO.

    No parágrafo 4, o autor ressalta que não há estímulo para que as pessoas economizem energia já que elas não veem os impactos de suas ações, mas não chega a atribuir essa falta de estímulo diretamente às empresas

    Além disso, ele NÃO culpa os funcionários por gastarem energia nos datacenters

    ===

    E - describes the importance of monthly power bills for energy-efficient programs and justifies why this strategy has been adopted by most organizations.

    ERRADO.

    No parágrafo 4, o autor afirma que algumas organizações apenas veem o consumo geral de energia na linha inferior da conta:

    Entretanto, ao fazer isso, ele apenas constata uma realidade dos datacenters e não menciona as ações de outras empresas.

    Logo, o autor NÃO descreve a importância das contas de energia elétrica para os programas de eficiência energética e e nem justifica a adoção dessas estratégias por outras empresas.


ID
17737
Banca
CESGRANRIO
Órgão
BNDES
Ano
2008
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

          Green is the hot topic these days, and the concept
     is having an impact on the way people think about
     datacenters. Companies around the world are
     announcing ways to save energy and reduce costs by
5   buying new hardware and services. Yet, there is little
     guidance on how you can take action to control energy
     costs. In the past, electricity has been treated as an
     overhead expense, like the cost of space. But with rising
     power costs and issues regarding reliability, supply, and
10  capacity, electricity requires its own specific strategy.
          Projects regarding performance optimization and
     cost reduction are a part of everyday best practices in
     nearly every area of business. So why not treat energy
     cost in the same way?
15      As Information Technologies (IT) pros, many of us
     make decisions about the configuration and setup of
     servers, the specifications on the equipment our
     organizations purchase, and the requirements for
     datacenter upgrades and construction. We even provide
20  early design input during application development. When
     it comes to these projects, we obviously have a golden
     opportunity to be green and influence the energy
     efficiency of any datacenter.
          The first part of any strategy is to know your current
25  energy usage. You need to know where your energy is
     used and by what specific equipment, as well as what
     usage is efficient and what is wasteful in the datacenter.
     Unfortunately, it's rare to find power-consumption
     metering in place that can break down usage to a level
30  where people can see the results of their actions. Most
     organizations typically only see a monthly power bill
     that rolls up consumption into an overall bottom line.
     This offers little incentive for saving energy since
     individuals never see the impact of their decisions, and
35  there is no way for them to prove that their changes
     have actually saved energy.
          One of the first issues people confront when
     considering a green datacenter initiative is whether they
     have executive support. For the purpose of the article, I
40  am going to assume the answer is "not yet." Executive
     support requires a serious commitment that provides
     resources and budget for your initiative. And while there
     is a lot of talk about green datacenters, the reality is
     that there is still often a lack of serious support at the
45  executive level. If you did already have such executive
     support, you would probably be running a green
     datacenter right now.
          Still, even assuming you are not getting the support
     you need, there is a great deal you can do to push your
50  green datacenter initiative forward. So how do you
     determine effective actions to take in achieving your
     goals? Fortunately, energy efficiency is not a new
     concept and there is a lot that IT pros can learn from
     other industries. [.]
55      Anyway, for whichever direction you choose,
     planning an energy efficiency program for your datacenter
     will require collaboration across groups in IT. Until
     recently, the typical approach to planning IT solutions
     has been to ignore power costs early on during the design
60  phase, focusing on the hardware and software being
     purchased, along with the labor and hosting costs of
     the solution. When power is buried in the overhead cost
     of running solutions in a datacenter, energy efficiency
     is a low priority. Exposing the actual power being
65  consumed by solutions is the first critical step in changing
     the behavior of your organization.

By Dave Ohara
TechNet Magazine, October 2007

The sentence in which "can" is used in the same sense as in "there is a great deal you can do to push your green datacenter initiative forward." (lines 49-50) is:

Alternativas
Comentários
  • e) I don't think you can find a solution for this problem.
  • A sentença em que "can" é usado no mesmo sentido que em "há um grande negócio que você pode fazer para empurrar a sua iniciativa verde do centro de dados para a frente." (linhas 49-50) é:
    A) Os funcionários vão pedir ao gerente se eles podem dar o seu parecer sobre a questão.
    B) Você pode ler o meu relatório final sobre o consumo de energia, se você quiser.
    C) Os acionistas mal podem esperar para ler o balanço da empresa.
    D) Você pode me dizer quantos laptops a empresa tem?
    E) Eu não acho que você possa encontrar uma solução para este problema.
    Na alternativa A "can"está sendo usado como permissão. Na alternativa B, como permissão. Na Alternativa C, ele é usado na expressão "can't wait" que significa "estar ansioso".
    A alternativa D não tem o mesmo sentido por ser uma interrogativa. A alternativa E está sendo usada como habilidade e possibilidade, assim como a sentença do enunciado. Portanto é a correta.
  • a) permission

    b) permission

    c) idiomatic usage

    d) request

    e) ability or skill to perform a task

  • ERRADO

  • GAB: LETRA E

    Complementando!

    Fonte: Karla Branco

    O verbo modal can (not) pode ser usado quando se deseja expressar: 

    • PermissãoYou cannot ask for your money back before the agreed date.
    • Habilidade ou oportunidade de fazer algoDon't worry yourself about me. I can take care of myself.  
    • Possibilidade: ...the statue which can still be seen in the British Museum.

    Observe o trecho do texto: 

    • […] there is a great deal you can do to push your green datacenter initiative forward. (l. 49-50)
    • “há muita coisa que você pode fazer para levar adiante sua iniciativa de datacenter sustentável.”

    Nesse caso, o autor refere-se à capacidade ou oportunidade de avançar em um determinado propósito. Assim, é preciso localizar a alternativa que apresenta esse mesmo sentido do verbo modal can.

    Referência para os comentários da questão: Collins Dictionary.

    ===

    A - The employees will ask the manager if they can give their opinion on the issue.

    • ERRADO.
    • The employees will ask the manager if they can give their opinion on the issue. (“Os funcionários perguntarão ao gerente se eles podem expor sua opinião sobre o assunto.”)
    • Nesse caso, o modal can é usado para expressar permissão, ou seja, os funcionários desejam opinar, mas precisam ter autorização para isso.

    • Logo, o sentido de can NÃO é o mesmo do texto.  

    ===

    B - You can read my final report on energy consumption if you want to.

    • ERRADO.
    • You can read my final report on energy consumption if you want to. (“Você pode ler meu relatório final sobre o consume de energia, caso você queira,”)
    • Nesse caso, o modal can é usado para expressar permissão, ou seja, alguém autoriza que o seu relatório seja lido, caso a outra pessoa deseje fazê-lo.

    • Logo, o sentido de can NÃO é equivalente ao do texto.  

    ===

    C - Stockholders can hardly wait to read the company’s balance sheet.

    • ERRADO.
    • Stockholders can hardly wait to read the company's balance sheet. (“Os acionistas mal podem esperar para ler o balanço da empresa.”)
    • Nesse caso, o modal can é parte da expressão can hardly wait to, que indica ansiedade ou entusiasmo para fazer alguma coisa.  

    • Logo, o sentido de can NÃO é equivalente ao do texto.  

    ===

    D - Can you tell me how many laptops the company has?

    • ERRADO.
    • Can you tell me how many laptops the company has? (“Você pode me dizer quantos laptops a empresa possui?”)
    • Nesse caso, o modal can é usado para expressar possibilidade, ou seja, alguém pergunta se é possível que lhe seja indicada a quantidade de laptops da empresa.

    • Logo, o sentido de can NÃO é o mesmo do texto.  

    ===

    E - I don’t think you can find a solution for this problem.

    • CERTO.
    • I don't think you can find a solution for this problem. (“Eu não acredito que você seja capaz de encontrar uma solução para esse problema”)
    • Nesse caso, o modal can é usado para expressar habilidade, ou seja, alguém duvida da habilidade da outra pessoa em encontrar uma solução para um problema.

    • Logo, o verbo modal can indica habilidade e tem, portanto, o mesmo sentido do texto.