SóProvas


ID
3443758
Banca
VUNESP
Órgão
Prefeitura de Iguape - SP
Ano
2019
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Ask teachers what method they subscribe to, and most will answer either that they don’t follow a method at all, or that they are ‘eclectic’, and pick and choose from techniques and procedures associated with a variety of different methods. Some might add that, essentially, their teaching follows the principles laid down by the communicative approach, itself a mixed bag, embracing anything from drills to communicative tasks, and everything in between. But the concept of a single, prescriptive ‘method’ – as in the Direct Method or the Oral Method – seems now to be dead and buried.

The demise of method is consistent with the widely held view that we are now in a ‘post-method’ era. Thus, as long ago as 1983, Stern declared that ‘several developments indicate a shift in language pedagogy away from the single method concept as the main approach to language teaching’ (1983). One such development was the failure, on the part of researchers, to find any significant advantage in one method over another. As Richards (1990) noted, ‘studies of the effectiveness of specific methods have had a hard time demonstrating that the method itself, rather than other factors, such as the teacher’s enthusiasm, or the novelty of the new method, was the crucial variable’. …

Kumaravadivelu (1994) identified what he called the ‘postmethod condition’, a result of ‘the widespread dissatisfaction with the conventional concept of method’. Rather than subscribe to a single set of procedures, postmethod teachers adapt their approach in accordance with local, contextual factors, while at the same time being guided by a number of ‘macrostrategies’. Two such macrostrategies are ‘Maximise learning opportunities’ and ‘Promote learner autonomy’. …

Nevertheless, and in spite of the claims of the postmethodists, the notion of method does not seem to have gone away completely. In fact, it seems to be doggedly persistent, even if the term itself is often replaced by its synonyms. … This is a view echoed by Bell (2007) who interviewed a number of teachers on the subject, and concluded that ‘methods, however the term is defined, are not dead. Teachers seem to be aware of both the usefulness of methods and the need to go beyond them.’

On the other hand, in a recent paper, Akbari (2008) suggests that it is textbooks that have largely replaced methods in their traditional sense: ‘The concept of method has not been replaced by the concept of postmethod but rather by an era of textbook-defined practice. What the majority of teachers teach and how they teach ... are now determined by textbooks’.

(by Scott Thornbury – http://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/article/ methods-post-method-metodos. Adaptado)

Os dois últimos parágrafos deixam claro que

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Comentários
  • Gabarito D.

    " ‘The concept of method has not been replaced by the concept of postmethod but rather by an era of textbook-defined practice."

  • A dica para resolução dessa questão, é utilizar a estratégia de leitura selectivity, a qual  selecionamos apenas o trecho necessário do conteúdo para encontrar a informação, por meio do uso de palavras-chave, palavras cognatas e um vocabulário específico, facilitando a compreensão do tema.
    Como a questão pede informações dos dois últimos parágrafos, buscaremos informações nesses parágrafos, comentando cada alternativa.
    Os dois últimos parágrafos deixam claro que
    A) A ideia de ter um método específico para o ensino de línguas acabou por desaparecer. Errado, conforme lemos nas primeira e segunda linhas do penúltimo parágrafo. Nevertheless, and in spite of the claims of the postmethodists, the notion of method does not seem to have gone away completely.  No entanto, e apesar das afirmações dos pós-metodistas, a noção de método não parece ter desaparecido completamente. 
    B) Os professores deixaram de usar métodos específicos porque foram além dos próprios métodos. Errado. Ele sabem que têm que ir além de métodos específicos. Teachers seem to be aware of both the usefulness of methods and the need to go beyond them.' Os professores parecem estar cientes da utilidade dos métodos e da necessidade de ir além deles.
    C) O pós-método teve o mérito de reviver métodos de ensino de línguas anteriores a ele. Errado. Lemos no parágrafo que eles não estão mortos. [...] and concluded that 'methods, however the term is defined, are not dead. Teachers seem to be aware of both the usefulness of methods and the need to go beyond them.'[...]'e concluiu que métodos, qualquer que seja a definição do termo, não estão mortos. Os professores parecem estar cientes da utilidade dos métodos e da necessidade de ir além deles
    D) Os livros didáticos acabaram por substituir a noção mais tradicional de método no ensino de línguas. Correto, conforme trecho traduzido. 'The concept of method has not been replaced by the concept of postmethod but rather by an era of textbook-defined practice. O conceito de método não foi substituído pelo conceito de pós-método, mas sim por uma era da prática definida do livro didático.
    E) O livro didático não deve se sobrepor aos métodos específicos, mas sim ser adaptado aos alunos. Errado. O livro didático é que determina como os professores ensinam. What the majority of teachers teach and how they teach ... are now determined by textbooks'. O que a maioria dos professores ensina e como eles ensinam ... agora são determinados pelos livros didáticos.
    Gabarito do Professor: Letra D.