Questão Q599904

TEXT 2

Innovation is the new key to survival

[…]

At its most basic, innovation presents an optimal strategy for controlling costs. Companies that have invested in such technologies as remote mining, autonomous equipment and driverless trucks and trains have reduced expenses by orders of magnitude, while simultaneously driving up productivity.

Yet, gazing towards the horizon, it is rapidly becoming clear that innovation can do much more than reduce capital intensity. Approached strategically, it also has the power to reduce people and energy intensity, while increasing mining intensity.

Capturing the learnings

The key is to think of innovation as much more than research and development (R&D) around particular processes or technologies. Companies can, in fact, innovate in multiple ways, such as leveraging supplier knowledge around specific operational challenges, redefining their participation in the energy value chain or finding new ways to engage and partner with major stakeholders and constituencies.

To reap these rewards, however, mining companies must overcome their traditionally conservative tendencies. In many cases, miners struggle to adopt technologies proven to work at other mining companies, let alone those from other industries. As a result, innovation becomes less of a technology problem and more of an adoption problem.

By breaking this mindset, mining companies can free themselves to adapt practical applications that already exist in other industries and apply them to fit their current needs. For instance, the tunnel boring machines used by civil engineers to excavate the Chunnel can vastly reduce miners' reliance on explosives. Until recently, those machines were too large to apply in a mining setting. Some innovators, however, are now incorporating the underlying technology to build smaller machines—effectively adapting mature solutions from other industries to realize more rapid results.

Re-imagining the future

At the same time, innovation mandates companies to think in entirely new ways. Traditionally, for instance, miners have focused on extracting higher grades and achieving faster throughput by optimizing the pit, schedule, product mix and logistics. A truly innovative mindset, however, will see them adopt an entirely new design paradigm that leverages new information, mining and energy technologies to maximize value. […]

Approached in this way, innovation can drive more than cost reduction. It can help mining companies mitigate and manage risks, strengthen business models and foster more effective community and government relations. It can help mining services companies enhance their value to the industry by developing new products and services. Longer-term, it can even position organizations to move the needle on such endemic issues as corporate social responsibility, environmental performance and sustainability.

(http://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/ru/Document s/energy-resources/ru_er_tracking_the_trends_2015_eng.pdf)

The verb “reduce" in “reduce capital intensity" (l. 7) has the same meaning as:

Alternativas

cut in;

cut off;

cut out;

cut loose;

cut back on.

Comentários

Gabarito Letra E

Phrasal verb → to cut

a) cut in; → interrupt someone when they are speaking

b) cut off; → to stop supplies of something like electricity or water

c) cut out; → when an engine or piece of machinery suddenly stops working

d) cut loose; → to behave in an uncontrolled, wild way:
e) CERTO: cut back on. → means to reduce the amount of money being spent

http://grammar-teacher.com/english-phrasal-verbs-cut/

bons esstudos
a) cut in; interromper

b) cut off; cortar e.g.: both of his feet have been cut off

c) cut out; excluir e.g.: he's been cut out of the group

d) cut loose; e.g.: se distanciar e.g.: that one pheasant cut loose from the gaggle

e)cut back on. - reduce
Compilando: to cut (phrasal verbs)

a) cut in = interromper (interrupt someone when they are speaking)
b) cut off = cortar, ex. both of his feet have been cut off (to stop supplies of something like electricity or water)
c) cut out = excluir, ex. he's been cut out of the group (when an engine or piece of machinery suddenly stops working)
d) cut loose = se distanciar, ex. that one pheasant cut loose from the gaggle (to behave in an uncontrolled, wild way)
e) cut back on = reduce (means to reduce the amount of money being spent)

essas questões com phrasal verbs são o bicho!
A questão cobra conhecimento gramatical, especificamente sobre Phrasal verbs.

Vamos analisar o enunciado:

The verb “reduce" in “reduce capital intensity" (l. 7) has the same meaning as:
Tradução - O verbo "reduzir" em "reduzir a intensidade de capital" (l. 7) tem o mesmo significado que:

Vamos relembrar sobre phrasal verbs:
Em Inglês, um phrasal verb (verbo frasal) é a combinação de duas ou três palavras de diferentes categorias gramaticais — um verbo e uma partícula, como um advérbio ou uma preposição — para formar uma única unidade semântica. Existem milhares deles, e eles são extremamente utilizados. Os phrasal verbs, em sua grande maioria, não podem ser entendidos com base nos significados das partes individuais, mas devem ser tomados como um todo. Em outras palavras, não podem ser traduzidos literalmente, pois o significado será diferente. Veja alguns exemplos:
- Put up with = tolerar
- Turn down = rejeitar
- Get away with = escapar punição.
Você vai encontrar, entre esses milhares de phrasal verbs, aqueles cuja tradução funciona, mas são exceção, e não a regra. Por exemplo, “look up" pode significar “olhar para cima", mas “look up to" significa “admirar".

Voltando à questão e às alternativas, qual dos verbos abaixo significa "reduzir"?

A) Incorreto - cut in = interromper

B) Incorreto - cut off = cortar um pedaço de uma parte principal ou cortar o fornecimento.

C) Incorreto - cut out = remover algo cortando em volta.

D) Incorreto - cut loose = liberar-se de alguém ou de sua influência.

E) Correto - cut back on = reduzir a quantidade.

Gabarito do Professor: Letra E.

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