Prova Exército - 2018 - IME - Quadro de Engenheiro Militar - Português e Inglês

Questão 2934757

• Banca: Exército
• Órgão: IME
• Ano: 2018
• Provas: Exército - 2018 - IME - Quadro de Engenheiro Militar - Português e Inglês
• Disciplina: Português
• Assuntos: Interpretação de Textos; Noções Gerais de Compreensão e Interpretação de Texto

A respeito do “conceito de erro em língua”, o gramático Luiz Antônio Sacconi, em sua obra “Nossa Gramática – Teoria e Prática”, afirma:

“Em rigor, ninguém comete erro em língua, exceto nos casos de ortografia. O que se comete são transgressões da norma culta. De fato, aquele que, num momento íntimo do discurso, diz: “Ninguém deixou ele falar”, não comete propriamente erro; na verdade, transgride a norma culta. (…) Vale lembrar, finalmente, que a língua é um costume. Como tal, qualquer transgressão, ou chamado erro, deixa de sê-lo no exato instante em que a maioria absoluta o comete, passando, assim, a constituir fato linguístico (registro de linguagem definitivamente consagrado pelo uso, ainda que não tenha amparo gramatical).”

SACCONI, Luiz Antônio. Nossa Gramática – Teoria e Prática – 18ª ed. Reformada e atual. São Paulo: Atual, 1994. pp. 8 e 9.

Considerando o conceito de “erro em língua”, exposto acima, assinale a alternativa em que se apresenta uma transgressão da norma culta considerada “fato linguístico”?

• A. Eu não sei aonde o elefante quer chegar.
  
• B. Ana Lins Bretas, cujo pseudônimo era Cora Coralina, foi uma grande escritora brasileira.
  
• C. “E há por fim os olhos, / onde se deposita / a parte do elefante” (texto 2, versos 19 a 21).
  
• D. “Ele não encontrou / o de que carecia, / o de que carecemos,” (texto 2, versos 86 a 88).
  
• E. É uma das poucas opiniões do poeta onde existe uma controvérsia.
  

Gabarito: E

Comentários

• GABARITO: LETRA E

  A questão faz um enorme rodeio no enunciado, simplificando: ela quer a alternativa errada.

  A) Eu não sei aonde o elefante quer chegar. >>> correta. Quem chega, chega A algum lugar. Logo temos a+onde = aonde.

  B) Ana Lins Bretas, cujo pseudônimo era Cora Coralina, foi uma grande escritora brasileira. >>> cujo com valor possessivo, usado corretamente.

  C) “E há por fim os olhos, / onde se deposita / a parte do elefante” (texto 2, versos 19 a 21). >>> retoma um lugar que é depositado "olhos" ---- uso correto.

  D) “Ele não encontrou / o de que carecia, / o de que carecemos,” (texto 2, versos 86 a 88). >>> Quem carece, carece DE alguma coisa, logo a preposição deve ficar antes do pronome relativo "que".

  E) É uma das poucas opiniões do poeta onde existe uma controvérsia. >>> uso incorreto, pois o "onde" não foi usado para retomar um lugar. O uso correto seria: "em que."

  Força, guerreiros(as)!!

Questão 2934760

• Banca: Exército
• Órgão: IME
• Ano: 2018
• Provas: Exército - 2018 - IME - Quadro de Engenheiro Militar - Português e Inglês
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Vocabulário | Vocabulary

                                                     Texto 1

              FROM FILM STAR TO FREQUENCY-HOPPING INVENTOR

      I’m guessing that some younger readers __(21)_ who Hedy Lamarr was. Old-timers remember her as a popular Hollywood star of the mid-20th century. Characterized by MGM studio mogul Louis B. Mayer as “the most beautiful girl in the world,” a title said to originally have been bestowed by stage director Max Reinhardt, she appeared in some 25 Hollywood films between 1938 and 1958.

       __(22)__ her fans and many of her Hollywood colleagues was her creative side. They were unaware that __(23)__ the cameras were not rolling, Ms. Lamarr might be at home at her drawing board, diligently working at some concept that might lead to a commercial product or a patentable invention.

      ___(24)_ an admirer of Hedy Lamarr the movie star (I particularly remember her in “Ziegfeld Girl,” costarring James Stewart, Judy Garland, Lana Turner, and Tony Martin, and “H. M. Pulham, Esq.,” with Robert Young and Van Heflen), I too was unaware of her innovative proclivities until 1984, when historian of cryptology David Kahn authored an article in IEEE Spectrum. It revealed to the uninitiated the existence of a 1941 patent __(25)__ to Lamarr and her co-inventor, George Antheil, based on frequency-hopping and titled “Secret Communication System.” World War II __(26)__ in Europe, and Hedy, a native Austrian, left her munitions magnate husband Friedrich Mandl and relocated to the United States in 1937. As Hitler moved relentlessly in his attempt to conquer most of northern Europe, she was appalled by the German U-boat sinking of the SS City of Benarus. (…). She considered quitting the movie business and offering her services to the newly organized National Inventors Council (NIC), __(27)__ to evaluate technology that could be useful in wartime, and chaired by inventor Charles Kettering. She did __(28)__, however.

In Hollywood, Hedy had met George Antheil, not an engineer but a composer with “a fair grasp of electronics,” as historian Kahn expressed it. Antheil joined her in her attempt to devise a jamproof guidance system for Allied torpedoes. A year before Pearl Harbor, she told Antheil she knew “a good deal about new munitions and various secret weapons,” presumably knowledge acquired while she was privy to discussions between Mandl and his munitions agents.

      While not on the movie set, Lamarr would work with Antheil in her apartment to move her idea from concept to a practical system. In her early working documents a reference is made to the 116RX, the 1939 Philco radio console that featured the first wireless remote control (termed the Mystery Control and offering the listener options to select up to eight stations, a volume control, and an off switch). This ___29__ just one among several inputs that inspired her to __30__ the idea she called “hopping of frequencies” (...)

CHRISTIANSEN, D. Adaptado de From Film Star to Frequency-Hopping Inventor. In: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 15/06/2018.

Choose the best option to fill in the blank with the number __21__

• A. ought to know
  
• B. must not know
• C. should have known
• D. will have known
• E. may not know
  

Gabarito: E

Questão 2934763

• Banca: Exército
• Órgão: IME
• Ano: 2018
• Provas: Exército - 2018 - IME - Quadro de Engenheiro Militar - Português e Inglês
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Vocabulário | Vocabulary

                                                     Texto 1

              FROM FILM STAR TO FREQUENCY-HOPPING INVENTOR

      I’m guessing that some younger readers __(21)_ who Hedy Lamarr was. Old-timers remember her as a popular Hollywood star of the mid-20th century. Characterized by MGM studio mogul Louis B. Mayer as “the most beautiful girl in the world,” a title said to originally have been bestowed by stage director Max Reinhardt, she appeared in some 25 Hollywood films between 1938 and 1958.

       __(22)__ her fans and many of her Hollywood colleagues was her creative side. They were unaware that __(23)__ the cameras were not rolling, Ms. Lamarr might be at home at her drawing board, diligently working at some concept that might lead to a commercial product or a patentable invention.

      ___(24)_ an admirer of Hedy Lamarr the movie star (I particularly remember her in “Ziegfeld Girl,” costarring James Stewart, Judy Garland, Lana Turner, and Tony Martin, and “H. M. Pulham, Esq.,” with Robert Young and Van Heflen), I too was unaware of her innovative proclivities until 1984, when historian of cryptology David Kahn authored an article in IEEE Spectrum. It revealed to the uninitiated the existence of a 1941 patent __(25)__ to Lamarr and her co-inventor, George Antheil, based on frequency-hopping and titled “Secret Communication System.” World War II __(26)__ in Europe, and Hedy, a native Austrian, left her munitions magnate husband Friedrich Mandl and relocated to the United States in 1937. As Hitler moved relentlessly in his attempt to conquer most of northern Europe, she was appalled by the German U-boat sinking of the SS City of Benarus. (…). She considered quitting the movie business and offering her services to the newly organized National Inventors Council (NIC), __(27)__ to evaluate technology that could be useful in wartime, and chaired by inventor Charles Kettering. She did __(28)__, however.

In Hollywood, Hedy had met George Antheil, not an engineer but a composer with “a fair grasp of electronics,” as historian Kahn expressed it. Antheil joined her in her attempt to devise a jamproof guidance system for Allied torpedoes. A year before Pearl Harbor, she told Antheil she knew “a good deal about new munitions and various secret weapons,” presumably knowledge acquired while she was privy to discussions between Mandl and his munitions agents.

      While not on the movie set, Lamarr would work with Antheil in her apartment to move her idea from concept to a practical system. In her early working documents a reference is made to the 116RX, the 1939 Philco radio console that featured the first wireless remote control (termed the Mystery Control and offering the listener options to select up to eight stations, a volume control, and an off switch). This ___29__ just one among several inputs that inspired her to __30__ the idea she called “hopping of frequencies” (...)

CHRISTIANSEN, D. Adaptado de From Film Star to Frequency-Hopping Inventor. In: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 15/06/2018.

Choose the best option to fill in the blank with the number __22__

• A. Spotted by
• B. Unknown to
• C. Shadowed under
• D. Disguised as
• E. Characterized by
  

Gabarito: B

Questão 2934766

• Banca: Exército
• Órgão: IME
• Ano: 2018
• Provas: Exército - 2018 - IME - Quadro de Engenheiro Militar - Português e Inglês
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Preposições | Prepositions

                                                     Texto 1

              FROM FILM STAR TO FREQUENCY-HOPPING INVENTOR

      I’m guessing that some younger readers __(21)_ who Hedy Lamarr was. Old-timers remember her as a popular Hollywood star of the mid-20th century. Characterized by MGM studio mogul Louis B. Mayer as “the most beautiful girl in the world,” a title said to originally have been bestowed by stage director Max Reinhardt, she appeared in some 25 Hollywood films between 1938 and 1958.

       __(22)__ her fans and many of her Hollywood colleagues was her creative side. They were unaware that __(23)__ the cameras were not rolling, Ms. Lamarr might be at home at her drawing board, diligently working at some concept that might lead to a commercial product or a patentable invention.

      ___(24)_ an admirer of Hedy Lamarr the movie star (I particularly remember her in “Ziegfeld Girl,” costarring James Stewart, Judy Garland, Lana Turner, and Tony Martin, and “H. M. Pulham, Esq.,” with Robert Young and Van Heflen), I too was unaware of her innovative proclivities until 1984, when historian of cryptology David Kahn authored an article in IEEE Spectrum. It revealed to the uninitiated the existence of a 1941 patent __(25)__ to Lamarr and her co-inventor, George Antheil, based on frequency-hopping and titled “Secret Communication System.” World War II __(26)__ in Europe, and Hedy, a native Austrian, left her munitions magnate husband Friedrich Mandl and relocated to the United States in 1937. As Hitler moved relentlessly in his attempt to conquer most of northern Europe, she was appalled by the German U-boat sinking of the SS City of Benarus. (…). She considered quitting the movie business and offering her services to the newly organized National Inventors Council (NIC), __(27)__ to evaluate technology that could be useful in wartime, and chaired by inventor Charles Kettering. She did __(28)__, however.

In Hollywood, Hedy had met George Antheil, not an engineer but a composer with “a fair grasp of electronics,” as historian Kahn expressed it. Antheil joined her in her attempt to devise a jamproof guidance system for Allied torpedoes. A year before Pearl Harbor, she told Antheil she knew “a good deal about new munitions and various secret weapons,” presumably knowledge acquired while she was privy to discussions between Mandl and his munitions agents.

      While not on the movie set, Lamarr would work with Antheil in her apartment to move her idea from concept to a practical system. In her early working documents a reference is made to the 116RX, the 1939 Philco radio console that featured the first wireless remote control (termed the Mystery Control and offering the listener options to select up to eight stations, a volume control, and an off switch). This ___29__ just one among several inputs that inspired her to __30__ the idea she called “hopping of frequencies” (...)

CHRISTIANSEN, D. Adaptado de From Film Star to Frequency-Hopping Inventor. In: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 15/06/2018.

Choose the best option to fill in the blank with the number __23__

• A. before
• B. during
• C. for
• D. when
• E. after

Gabarito: D

Questão 2934769

• Banca: Exército
• Órgão: IME
• Ano: 2018
• Provas: Exército - 2018 - IME - Quadro de Engenheiro Militar - Português e Inglês
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Preposições | Prepositions

                                                     Texto 1

              FROM FILM STAR TO FREQUENCY-HOPPING INVENTOR

      I’m guessing that some younger readers __(21)_ who Hedy Lamarr was. Old-timers remember her as a popular Hollywood star of the mid-20th century. Characterized by MGM studio mogul Louis B. Mayer as “the most beautiful girl in the world,” a title said to originally have been bestowed by stage director Max Reinhardt, she appeared in some 25 Hollywood films between 1938 and 1958.

       __(22)__ her fans and many of her Hollywood colleagues was her creative side. They were unaware that __(23)__ the cameras were not rolling, Ms. Lamarr might be at home at her drawing board, diligently working at some concept that might lead to a commercial product or a patentable invention.

      ___(24)_ an admirer of Hedy Lamarr the movie star (I particularly remember her in “Ziegfeld Girl,” costarring James Stewart, Judy Garland, Lana Turner, and Tony Martin, and “H. M. Pulham, Esq.,” with Robert Young and Van Heflen), I too was unaware of her innovative proclivities until 1984, when historian of cryptology David Kahn authored an article in IEEE Spectrum. It revealed to the uninitiated the existence of a 1941 patent __(25)__ to Lamarr and her co-inventor, George Antheil, based on frequency-hopping and titled “Secret Communication System.” World War II __(26)__ in Europe, and Hedy, a native Austrian, left her munitions magnate husband Friedrich Mandl and relocated to the United States in 1937. As Hitler moved relentlessly in his attempt to conquer most of northern Europe, she was appalled by the German U-boat sinking of the SS City of Benarus. (…). She considered quitting the movie business and offering her services to the newly organized National Inventors Council (NIC), __(27)__ to evaluate technology that could be useful in wartime, and chaired by inventor Charles Kettering. She did __(28)__, however.

In Hollywood, Hedy had met George Antheil, not an engineer but a composer with “a fair grasp of electronics,” as historian Kahn expressed it. Antheil joined her in her attempt to devise a jamproof guidance system for Allied torpedoes. A year before Pearl Harbor, she told Antheil she knew “a good deal about new munitions and various secret weapons,” presumably knowledge acquired while she was privy to discussions between Mandl and his munitions agents.

      While not on the movie set, Lamarr would work with Antheil in her apartment to move her idea from concept to a practical system. In her early working documents a reference is made to the 116RX, the 1939 Philco radio console that featured the first wireless remote control (termed the Mystery Control and offering the listener options to select up to eight stations, a volume control, and an off switch). This ___29__ just one among several inputs that inspired her to __30__ the idea she called “hopping of frequencies” (...)

CHRISTIANSEN, D. Adaptado de From Film Star to Frequency-Hopping Inventor. In: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 15/06/2018.

Choose the best option to fill in the blank with the number __24__

• A. Despite
• B. Since
• C. Although
• D. Anyhow
• E. Unless

Gabarito: A

Questão 2934772

• Banca: Exército
• Órgão: IME
• Ano: 2018
• Provas: Exército - 2018 - IME - Quadro de Engenheiro Militar - Português e Inglês
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Vocabulário | Vocabulary

                                                     Texto 1

              FROM FILM STAR TO FREQUENCY-HOPPING INVENTOR

      I’m guessing that some younger readers __(21)_ who Hedy Lamarr was. Old-timers remember her as a popular Hollywood star of the mid-20th century. Characterized by MGM studio mogul Louis B. Mayer as “the most beautiful girl in the world,” a title said to originally have been bestowed by stage director Max Reinhardt, she appeared in some 25 Hollywood films between 1938 and 1958.

       __(22)__ her fans and many of her Hollywood colleagues was her creative side. They were unaware that __(23)__ the cameras were not rolling, Ms. Lamarr might be at home at her drawing board, diligently working at some concept that might lead to a commercial product or a patentable invention.

      ___(24)_ an admirer of Hedy Lamarr the movie star (I particularly remember her in “Ziegfeld Girl,” costarring James Stewart, Judy Garland, Lana Turner, and Tony Martin, and “H. M. Pulham, Esq.,” with Robert Young and Van Heflen), I too was unaware of her innovative proclivities until 1984, when historian of cryptology David Kahn authored an article in IEEE Spectrum. It revealed to the uninitiated the existence of a 1941 patent __(25)__ to Lamarr and her co-inventor, George Antheil, based on frequency-hopping and titled “Secret Communication System.” World War II __(26)__ in Europe, and Hedy, a native Austrian, left her munitions magnate husband Friedrich Mandl and relocated to the United States in 1937. As Hitler moved relentlessly in his attempt to conquer most of northern Europe, she was appalled by the German U-boat sinking of the SS City of Benarus. (…). She considered quitting the movie business and offering her services to the newly organized National Inventors Council (NIC), __(27)__ to evaluate technology that could be useful in wartime, and chaired by inventor Charles Kettering. She did __(28)__, however.

In Hollywood, Hedy had met George Antheil, not an engineer but a composer with “a fair grasp of electronics,” as historian Kahn expressed it. Antheil joined her in her attempt to devise a jamproof guidance system for Allied torpedoes. A year before Pearl Harbor, she told Antheil she knew “a good deal about new munitions and various secret weapons,” presumably knowledge acquired while she was privy to discussions between Mandl and his munitions agents.

      While not on the movie set, Lamarr would work with Antheil in her apartment to move her idea from concept to a practical system. In her early working documents a reference is made to the 116RX, the 1939 Philco radio console that featured the first wireless remote control (termed the Mystery Control and offering the listener options to select up to eight stations, a volume control, and an off switch). This ___29__ just one among several inputs that inspired her to __30__ the idea she called “hopping of frequencies” (...)

CHRISTIANSEN, D. Adaptado de From Film Star to Frequency-Hopping Inventor. In: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 15/06/2018.

Choose the best option to fill in the blank with the number __25__

• A. transferred
• B. tackled
• C. addressed
• D. authorized
• E. issued
  

Gabarito: E

Questão 2934775

• Banca: Exército
• Órgão: IME
• Ano: 2018
• Provas: Exército - 2018 - IME - Quadro de Engenheiro Militar - Português e Inglês
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Vocabulário | Vocabulary

                                                     Texto 1

              FROM FILM STAR TO FREQUENCY-HOPPING INVENTOR

      I’m guessing that some younger readers __(21)_ who Hedy Lamarr was. Old-timers remember her as a popular Hollywood star of the mid-20th century. Characterized by MGM studio mogul Louis B. Mayer as “the most beautiful girl in the world,” a title said to originally have been bestowed by stage director Max Reinhardt, she appeared in some 25 Hollywood films between 1938 and 1958.

       __(22)__ her fans and many of her Hollywood colleagues was her creative side. They were unaware that __(23)__ the cameras were not rolling, Ms. Lamarr might be at home at her drawing board, diligently working at some concept that might lead to a commercial product or a patentable invention.

      ___(24)_ an admirer of Hedy Lamarr the movie star (I particularly remember her in “Ziegfeld Girl,” costarring James Stewart, Judy Garland, Lana Turner, and Tony Martin, and “H. M. Pulham, Esq.,” with Robert Young and Van Heflen), I too was unaware of her innovative proclivities until 1984, when historian of cryptology David Kahn authored an article in IEEE Spectrum. It revealed to the uninitiated the existence of a 1941 patent __(25)__ to Lamarr and her co-inventor, George Antheil, based on frequency-hopping and titled “Secret Communication System.” World War II __(26)__ in Europe, and Hedy, a native Austrian, left her munitions magnate husband Friedrich Mandl and relocated to the United States in 1937. As Hitler moved relentlessly in his attempt to conquer most of northern Europe, she was appalled by the German U-boat sinking of the SS City of Benarus. (…). She considered quitting the movie business and offering her services to the newly organized National Inventors Council (NIC), __(27)__ to evaluate technology that could be useful in wartime, and chaired by inventor Charles Kettering. She did __(28)__, however.

In Hollywood, Hedy had met George Antheil, not an engineer but a composer with “a fair grasp of electronics,” as historian Kahn expressed it. Antheil joined her in her attempt to devise a jamproof guidance system for Allied torpedoes. A year before Pearl Harbor, she told Antheil she knew “a good deal about new munitions and various secret weapons,” presumably knowledge acquired while she was privy to discussions between Mandl and his munitions agents.

      While not on the movie set, Lamarr would work with Antheil in her apartment to move her idea from concept to a practical system. In her early working documents a reference is made to the 116RX, the 1939 Philco radio console that featured the first wireless remote control (termed the Mystery Control and offering the listener options to select up to eight stations, a volume control, and an off switch). This ___29__ just one among several inputs that inspired her to __30__ the idea she called “hopping of frequencies” (...)

CHRISTIANSEN, D. Adaptado de From Film Star to Frequency-Hopping Inventor. In: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 15/06/2018.

Choose the best option to fill in the blank with the number __26__

• A. can have raged
• B. should have been raging
• C. would have raged
• D. had been raging
• E. could be raging
  

Gabarito: D

Questão 2934778

• Banca: Exército
• Órgão: IME
• Ano: 2018
• Provas: Exército - 2018 - IME - Quadro de Engenheiro Militar - Português e Inglês
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Vocabulário | Vocabulary

                                                     Texto 1

              FROM FILM STAR TO FREQUENCY-HOPPING INVENTOR

      I’m guessing that some younger readers __(21)_ who Hedy Lamarr was. Old-timers remember her as a popular Hollywood star of the mid-20th century. Characterized by MGM studio mogul Louis B. Mayer as “the most beautiful girl in the world,” a title said to originally have been bestowed by stage director Max Reinhardt, she appeared in some 25 Hollywood films between 1938 and 1958.

       __(22)__ her fans and many of her Hollywood colleagues was her creative side. They were unaware that __(23)__ the cameras were not rolling, Ms. Lamarr might be at home at her drawing board, diligently working at some concept that might lead to a commercial product or a patentable invention.

      ___(24)_ an admirer of Hedy Lamarr the movie star (I particularly remember her in “Ziegfeld Girl,” costarring James Stewart, Judy Garland, Lana Turner, and Tony Martin, and “H. M. Pulham, Esq.,” with Robert Young and Van Heflen), I too was unaware of her innovative proclivities until 1984, when historian of cryptology David Kahn authored an article in IEEE Spectrum. It revealed to the uninitiated the existence of a 1941 patent __(25)__ to Lamarr and her co-inventor, George Antheil, based on frequency-hopping and titled “Secret Communication System.” World War II __(26)__ in Europe, and Hedy, a native Austrian, left her munitions magnate husband Friedrich Mandl and relocated to the United States in 1937. As Hitler moved relentlessly in his attempt to conquer most of northern Europe, she was appalled by the German U-boat sinking of the SS City of Benarus. (…). She considered quitting the movie business and offering her services to the newly organized National Inventors Council (NIC), __(27)__ to evaluate technology that could be useful in wartime, and chaired by inventor Charles Kettering. She did __(28)__, however.

In Hollywood, Hedy had met George Antheil, not an engineer but a composer with “a fair grasp of electronics,” as historian Kahn expressed it. Antheil joined her in her attempt to devise a jamproof guidance system for Allied torpedoes. A year before Pearl Harbor, she told Antheil she knew “a good deal about new munitions and various secret weapons,” presumably knowledge acquired while she was privy to discussions between Mandl and his munitions agents.

      While not on the movie set, Lamarr would work with Antheil in her apartment to move her idea from concept to a practical system. In her early working documents a reference is made to the 116RX, the 1939 Philco radio console that featured the first wireless remote control (termed the Mystery Control and offering the listener options to select up to eight stations, a volume control, and an off switch). This ___29__ just one among several inputs that inspired her to __30__ the idea she called “hopping of frequencies” (...)

CHRISTIANSEN, D. Adaptado de From Film Star to Frequency-Hopping Inventor. In: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 15/06/2018.

Choose the best option to fill in the blank with the number __27__

• A. exempted
• B. designed
• C. dismissed
• D. entwined
• E. chartered

Gabarito: E

Questão 2934781

• Banca: Exército
• Órgão: IME
• Ano: 2018
• Provas: Exército - 2018 - IME - Quadro de Engenheiro Militar - Português e Inglês
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Preposições | Prepositions

                                                     Texto 1

              FROM FILM STAR TO FREQUENCY-HOPPING INVENTOR

      I’m guessing that some younger readers __(21)_ who Hedy Lamarr was. Old-timers remember her as a popular Hollywood star of the mid-20th century. Characterized by MGM studio mogul Louis B. Mayer as “the most beautiful girl in the world,” a title said to originally have been bestowed by stage director Max Reinhardt, she appeared in some 25 Hollywood films between 1938 and 1958.

       __(22)__ her fans and many of her Hollywood colleagues was her creative side. They were unaware that __(23)__ the cameras were not rolling, Ms. Lamarr might be at home at her drawing board, diligently working at some concept that might lead to a commercial product or a patentable invention.

      ___(24)_ an admirer of Hedy Lamarr the movie star (I particularly remember her in “Ziegfeld Girl,” costarring James Stewart, Judy Garland, Lana Turner, and Tony Martin, and “H. M. Pulham, Esq.,” with Robert Young and Van Heflen), I too was unaware of her innovative proclivities until 1984, when historian of cryptology David Kahn authored an article in IEEE Spectrum. It revealed to the uninitiated the existence of a 1941 patent __(25)__ to Lamarr and her co-inventor, George Antheil, based on frequency-hopping and titled “Secret Communication System.” World War II __(26)__ in Europe, and Hedy, a native Austrian, left her munitions magnate husband Friedrich Mandl and relocated to the United States in 1937. As Hitler moved relentlessly in his attempt to conquer most of northern Europe, she was appalled by the German U-boat sinking of the SS City of Benarus. (…). She considered quitting the movie business and offering her services to the newly organized National Inventors Council (NIC), __(27)__ to evaluate technology that could be useful in wartime, and chaired by inventor Charles Kettering. She did __(28)__, however.

In Hollywood, Hedy had met George Antheil, not an engineer but a composer with “a fair grasp of electronics,” as historian Kahn expressed it. Antheil joined her in her attempt to devise a jamproof guidance system for Allied torpedoes. A year before Pearl Harbor, she told Antheil she knew “a good deal about new munitions and various secret weapons,” presumably knowledge acquired while she was privy to discussions between Mandl and his munitions agents.

      While not on the movie set, Lamarr would work with Antheil in her apartment to move her idea from concept to a practical system. In her early working documents a reference is made to the 116RX, the 1939 Philco radio console that featured the first wireless remote control (termed the Mystery Control and offering the listener options to select up to eight stations, a volume control, and an off switch). This ___29__ just one among several inputs that inspired her to __30__ the idea she called “hopping of frequencies” (...)

CHRISTIANSEN, D. Adaptado de From Film Star to Frequency-Hopping Inventor. In: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 15/06/2018.

Choose the best option to fill in the blank with the number __28__

• A. owt
• B. neither
• C. both
• D. any
• E. each
  

Gabarito: B

Questão 2934784

• Banca: Exército
• Órgão: IME
• Ano: 2018
• Provas: Exército - 2018 - IME - Quadro de Engenheiro Militar - Português e Inglês
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Preposições | Prepositions; Vocabulário | Vocabulary

                                                     Texto 1

              FROM FILM STAR TO FREQUENCY-HOPPING INVENTOR

      I’m guessing that some younger readers __(21)_ who Hedy Lamarr was. Old-timers remember her as a popular Hollywood star of the mid-20th century. Characterized by MGM studio mogul Louis B. Mayer as “the most beautiful girl in the world,” a title said to originally have been bestowed by stage director Max Reinhardt, she appeared in some 25 Hollywood films between 1938 and 1958.

       __(22)__ her fans and many of her Hollywood colleagues was her creative side. They were unaware that __(23)__ the cameras were not rolling, Ms. Lamarr might be at home at her drawing board, diligently working at some concept that might lead to a commercial product or a patentable invention.

      ___(24)_ an admirer of Hedy Lamarr the movie star (I particularly remember her in “Ziegfeld Girl,” costarring James Stewart, Judy Garland, Lana Turner, and Tony Martin, and “H. M. Pulham, Esq.,” with Robert Young and Van Heflen), I too was unaware of her innovative proclivities until 1984, when historian of cryptology David Kahn authored an article in IEEE Spectrum. It revealed to the uninitiated the existence of a 1941 patent __(25)__ to Lamarr and her co-inventor, George Antheil, based on frequency-hopping and titled “Secret Communication System.” World War II __(26)__ in Europe, and Hedy, a native Austrian, left her munitions magnate husband Friedrich Mandl and relocated to the United States in 1937. As Hitler moved relentlessly in his attempt to conquer most of northern Europe, she was appalled by the German U-boat sinking of the SS City of Benarus. (…). She considered quitting the movie business and offering her services to the newly organized National Inventors Council (NIC), __(27)__ to evaluate technology that could be useful in wartime, and chaired by inventor Charles Kettering. She did __(28)__, however.

In Hollywood, Hedy had met George Antheil, not an engineer but a composer with “a fair grasp of electronics,” as historian Kahn expressed it. Antheil joined her in her attempt to devise a jamproof guidance system for Allied torpedoes. A year before Pearl Harbor, she told Antheil she knew “a good deal about new munitions and various secret weapons,” presumably knowledge acquired while she was privy to discussions between Mandl and his munitions agents.

      While not on the movie set, Lamarr would work with Antheil in her apartment to move her idea from concept to a practical system. In her early working documents a reference is made to the 116RX, the 1939 Philco radio console that featured the first wireless remote control (termed the Mystery Control and offering the listener options to select up to eight stations, a volume control, and an off switch). This ___29__ just one among several inputs that inspired her to __30__ the idea she called “hopping of frequencies” (...)

CHRISTIANSEN, D. Adaptado de From Film Star to Frequency-Hopping Inventor. In: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 15/06/2018.

Choose the best option to fill in the blank with the number __29__

• A. wouldn't have been
• B. could have been
• C. must have never been
• D. hadn't ever been
• E. had almost been
  

Gabarito: B

Comentários

• This ___29__ just one among several inputs

  Isso pode ter sido só uma das .......

  Bravo!

Questão 2934787

• Banca: Exército
• Órgão: IME
• Ano: 2018
• Provas: Exército - 2018 - IME - Quadro de Engenheiro Militar - Português e Inglês
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos frasais | Phrasal verbs

                                                     Texto 1

              FROM FILM STAR TO FREQUENCY-HOPPING INVENTOR

      I’m guessing that some younger readers __(21)_ who Hedy Lamarr was. Old-timers remember her as a popular Hollywood star of the mid-20th century. Characterized by MGM studio mogul Louis B. Mayer as “the most beautiful girl in the world,” a title said to originally have been bestowed by stage director Max Reinhardt, she appeared in some 25 Hollywood films between 1938 and 1958.

       __(22)__ her fans and many of her Hollywood colleagues was her creative side. They were unaware that __(23)__ the cameras were not rolling, Ms. Lamarr might be at home at her drawing board, diligently working at some concept that might lead to a commercial product or a patentable invention.

      ___(24)_ an admirer of Hedy Lamarr the movie star (I particularly remember her in “Ziegfeld Girl,” costarring James Stewart, Judy Garland, Lana Turner, and Tony Martin, and “H. M. Pulham, Esq.,” with Robert Young and Van Heflen), I too was unaware of her innovative proclivities until 1984, when historian of cryptology David Kahn authored an article in IEEE Spectrum. It revealed to the uninitiated the existence of a 1941 patent __(25)__ to Lamarr and her co-inventor, George Antheil, based on frequency-hopping and titled “Secret Communication System.” World War II __(26)__ in Europe, and Hedy, a native Austrian, left her munitions magnate husband Friedrich Mandl and relocated to the United States in 1937. As Hitler moved relentlessly in his attempt to conquer most of northern Europe, she was appalled by the German U-boat sinking of the SS City of Benarus. (…). She considered quitting the movie business and offering her services to the newly organized National Inventors Council (NIC), __(27)__ to evaluate technology that could be useful in wartime, and chaired by inventor Charles Kettering. She did __(28)__, however.

In Hollywood, Hedy had met George Antheil, not an engineer but a composer with “a fair grasp of electronics,” as historian Kahn expressed it. Antheil joined her in her attempt to devise a jamproof guidance system for Allied torpedoes. A year before Pearl Harbor, she told Antheil she knew “a good deal about new munitions and various secret weapons,” presumably knowledge acquired while she was privy to discussions between Mandl and his munitions agents.

      While not on the movie set, Lamarr would work with Antheil in her apartment to move her idea from concept to a practical system. In her early working documents a reference is made to the 116RX, the 1939 Philco radio console that featured the first wireless remote control (termed the Mystery Control and offering the listener options to select up to eight stations, a volume control, and an off switch). This ___29__ just one among several inputs that inspired her to __30__ the idea she called “hopping of frequencies” (...)

CHRISTIANSEN, D. Adaptado de From Film Star to Frequency-Hopping Inventor. In: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 15/06/2018.

Choose the best option to fill in the blank with the number __30__

• A. come up with
• B. come down on
• C. come through
• D. come over
• E. come about
  

Gabarito: A

Comentários

• Amigos,

  https://fluentics.com/10-phrasal-verbs-com-come/

• COME UP WITH - find, producer, invent. (encontrar, produzir, inventar)

  COME DOWN ON - serve para punir ou criticar uma pessoa ou atividade com muita força.

  COME THROUGH - arrive, materialize, be officially approved. ( chegar, materializar/realizar, ser oficialmente aprovado)

  COME OVER - visit (=come by). (visitar, ir ver)

  COME ABOUT - HAPPEN. (acontecer/ocorrer)

  O enunciado pede para completar o espaço que está com o número 30, que é:

  "This ___29__ just one among several inputs that inspired her to __30__ the idea she called “hopping of frequencies” (...)"

  A tradução, seria:

  "Este ___29__ apenas um entre vários contribuições que a inspiraram a __30__ a ideia que ela chamou de "salto de frequências" (...)"

  Para preencher com coerência, será necessário a leitura do texto. Alternativa A.

Questão 2934790

• Banca: Exército
• Órgão: IME
• Ano: 2018
• Provas: Exército - 2018 - IME - Quadro de Engenheiro Militar - Português e Inglês
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

                                                     Texto 2

CORPORATE CONTROL AND GLOBAL GOVERNANCE OF MARINE GENETIC RESOURCES

INTRODUCTION   

      The prospect of the ocean generating a new era of “blue growth” is increasingly finding its way into national and international policy documents around the world and has spurred a rush to claim ocean space and resources. If economic activities in coastal and offshore areas are to expand in an equitable and sustainable manner, in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), progress is needed toward addressing multiple and potentially conflicting uses of ocean space within national jurisdictions, in addition to developing a consistent and transparent legal framework for the vast areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ). These areas cover 64% of the world’s ocean and 47% of the Earth’s surface yet remain poorly understood or described.   

      Marine organisms have evolved to thrive in the extremes of pressure, temperature, chemistry, and darkness found in the ocean, resulting in unique adaptations that make them the object of commercial interest, particularly for biomedical and industrial applications. By 2025, the global market for marine biotechnology is projected to reach $6.4 billion, spanning a broad range of commercial purposes for the pharmaceutical, biofuel, and chemical industries. One way to ensure exclusive access to these potential economic benefits is through patents associated with “marine genetic resources” (MGRs). Although the term MGRs has never been formally described, it suggests a subset of “genetic resources”, which have been defined under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) as “genetic material of actual or potential value”._(33)_. The adoption of the Nagoya Protocol in 2010 represented an important step within the international policy arena to define obligations associated with monetary and nonmonetary benefit sharing of genetic resources and their products sourced from within national jurisdictions. No such mechanism currently exists for ABNJ.

                                                     ( . . . )

BLASIAK, R.; JOUFFRAY, JB.; WABNITZ, C.; SUNDSTROM, E. e OSTERBLOM, H. Adaptado de Corporate control and global governance of marine genetic resources. In: Science Advances. Disponível em <http://advances.sciencemag.org/ content/4/6/eaar5237.full>. Acesso em: 07/08/2018.

Choose the correct option.

• A. Ocean space and resources have had their ownership completely established.
  
• B. There is no legal doctrine regarding the uses of ocean space beyond national jurisdiction.
  
• C. Although “blue growth” is not economically attractive, some organizations need to own ocean space.
  
• D. A good deal of knowledge has already been gathered about ocean space beyond national jurisdiction.
  
• E. Corporate institutions have studied more than half of our planet's surface.
  

Gabarito: B

Questão 2934793

• Banca: Exército
• Órgão: IME
• Ano: 2018
• Provas: Exército - 2018 - IME - Quadro de Engenheiro Militar - Português e Inglês
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

                                                     Texto 2

CORPORATE CONTROL AND GLOBAL GOVERNANCE OF MARINE GENETIC RESOURCES

INTRODUCTION   

      The prospect of the ocean generating a new era of “blue growth” is increasingly finding its way into national and international policy documents around the world and has spurred a rush to claim ocean space and resources. If economic activities in coastal and offshore areas are to expand in an equitable and sustainable manner, in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), progress is needed toward addressing multiple and potentially conflicting uses of ocean space within national jurisdictions, in addition to developing a consistent and transparent legal framework for the vast areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ). These areas cover 64% of the world’s ocean and 47% of the Earth’s surface yet remain poorly understood or described.   

      Marine organisms have evolved to thrive in the extremes of pressure, temperature, chemistry, and darkness found in the ocean, resulting in unique adaptations that make them the object of commercial interest, particularly for biomedical and industrial applications. By 2025, the global market for marine biotechnology is projected to reach $6.4 billion, spanning a broad range of commercial purposes for the pharmaceutical, biofuel, and chemical industries. One way to ensure exclusive access to these potential economic benefits is through patents associated with “marine genetic resources” (MGRs). Although the term MGRs has never been formally described, it suggests a subset of “genetic resources”, which have been defined under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) as “genetic material of actual or potential value”._(33)_. The adoption of the Nagoya Protocol in 2010 represented an important step within the international policy arena to define obligations associated with monetary and nonmonetary benefit sharing of genetic resources and their products sourced from within national jurisdictions. No such mechanism currently exists for ABNJ.

                                                     ( . . . )

BLASIAK, R.; JOUFFRAY, JB.; WABNITZ, C.; SUNDSTROM, E. e OSTERBLOM, H. Adaptado de Corporate control and global governance of marine genetic resources. In: Science Advances. Disponível em <http://advances.sciencemag.org/ content/4/6/eaar5237.full>. Acesso em: 07/08/2018.

Choose the correct option.

• A. Corporations intend to use patents associated with deep-sea marine genetic resources to guarantee they are the only ones to profit.
  
• B. Industries willing to use the genetic material of organisms which have adapted to deep sea environment must follow the Nagoya Protocol no matter where they are exploring the sea.
  
• C. The international policy has already established the most profitable type of commercial use for some specific genetic resources.
  
• D. Equitable and sustainable development depend on laws defining the non-commercial use of the genes from marine organisms.
  
• E. Pharmaceutical, biofuel, and chemical industries are obliged to invest in a broad range of the marine environment until 2025.
  

Gabarito: A

Questão 2934796

• Banca: Exército
• Órgão: IME
• Ano: 2018
• Provas: Exército - 2018 - IME - Quadro de Engenheiro Militar - Português e Inglês
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

                                                     Texto 2

CORPORATE CONTROL AND GLOBAL GOVERNANCE OF MARINE GENETIC RESOURCES

INTRODUCTION   

      The prospect of the ocean generating a new era of “blue growth” is increasingly finding its way into national and international policy documents around the world and has spurred a rush to claim ocean space and resources. If economic activities in coastal and offshore areas are to expand in an equitable and sustainable manner, in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), progress is needed toward addressing multiple and potentially conflicting uses of ocean space within national jurisdictions, in addition to developing a consistent and transparent legal framework for the vast areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ). These areas cover 64% of the world’s ocean and 47% of the Earth’s surface yet remain poorly understood or described.   

      Marine organisms have evolved to thrive in the extremes of pressure, temperature, chemistry, and darkness found in the ocean, resulting in unique adaptations that make them the object of commercial interest, particularly for biomedical and industrial applications. By 2025, the global market for marine biotechnology is projected to reach $6.4 billion, spanning a broad range of commercial purposes for the pharmaceutical, biofuel, and chemical industries. One way to ensure exclusive access to these potential economic benefits is through patents associated with “marine genetic resources” (MGRs). Although the term MGRs has never been formally described, it suggests a subset of “genetic resources”, which have been defined under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) as “genetic material of actual or potential value”._(33)_. The adoption of the Nagoya Protocol in 2010 represented an important step within the international policy arena to define obligations associated with monetary and nonmonetary benefit sharing of genetic resources and their products sourced from within national jurisdictions. No such mechanism currently exists for ABNJ.

                                                     ( . . . )

BLASIAK, R.; JOUFFRAY, JB.; WABNITZ, C.; SUNDSTROM, E. e OSTERBLOM, H. Adaptado de Corporate control and global governance of marine genetic resources. In: Science Advances. Disponível em <http://advances.sciencemag.org/ content/4/6/eaar5237.full>. Acesso em: 07/08/2018.

Choose the appropriate continuation for “Although the term MGRs has never been formally described, it suggests a subset of ‘genetic resources,’ which have been defined under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) as ‘genetic material of actual or potential value’.”

• A. However, their substantial financial resources enable them to develop commercial applications despite uncertain timelines and returns on investment.
  
• B. Past research has focused on countries where patents have been registered rather than the individual actors registering them.
  
• C. Because of this, transnational corporations have a unique ability to capitalize on and monopolize markets characterized by global scope and complexity.
  
• D. The registration of patent claims involving such resources constitutes an opaque and rapidly evolving frontier where the worlds of science, policy, and industry meet.
  
• E. This facilitates the acquisition or collection of samples, for example, chartering vessels for a week-long sampling cruise of deep-water corals estimated in 2013 at $455,000.
  

Gabarito: D

Questão 2934799

• Banca: Exército
• Órgão: IME
• Ano: 2018
• Provas: Exército - 2018 - IME - Quadro de Engenheiro Militar - Português e Inglês
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

                                           Texto 3

THE DISCOVERY OF PENICILLIN—NEW INSIGHTS AFTER MORE THAN 75 YEARS OF CLINICAL USE

ABSTRACT   

        After just over 75 years of penicillin’s clinical use, the world can see that its impact was immediate and profound. In 1928, a chance event in Alexander Fleming’s London laboratory changed the course of medicine. However, the purification and first clinical use of penicillin would take more than a decade. Unprecedented United States/Great Britain cooperation to produce penicillin was incredibly successful by 1943. This success overshadowed efforts to produce penicillin during World War II in Europe, particularly in the Netherlands. Information about these efforts, available only in the last 10–15 years, provides new insights into the story of the first antibiotic. Researchers in the Netherlands produced penicillin using their own production methods and marketed it in 1946, which eventually increased the penicillin supply and decreased the price. The unusual serendipity involved in the discovery of penicillin demonstrates the difficulties in finding new antibiotics and should remind health professionals to expertly manage these extraordinary medicines.

                                                      ( . . . )

GAYNES, R. The Discovery of Penicillin—New Insights After More Than 75 Years of Clinical Use. In: Science, 2017. Disponível em: <http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/23/5/16-1556_article>. Acesso em: 26/06/2018.

Choose the correct option.

• A. Dutch researchers produced penicillin for it was cheaper than before. Concerning the supply of it, the increase was automatic.
  
• B. The first clinical use of penicillin was not immediate owing to the impact of its discovery. This delay changed the History of Medicine.
  
• C. The efforts by the Netherlands to produce the new drug weren't regarded as valuable until around a decade ago.
  
• D. It is impossible that penincillin's first clinical use dates back more than 75 years.
• E. The US and Great Britain succeeded in producing penicillin right after 1943.
  

Gabarito: C

Questão 2934802

• Banca: Exército
• Órgão: IME
• Ano: 2018
• Provas: Exército - 2018 - IME - Quadro de Engenheiro Militar - Português e Inglês
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Vocabulário | Vocabulary

                                           Texto 3

THE DISCOVERY OF PENICILLIN—NEW INSIGHTS AFTER MORE THAN 75 YEARS OF CLINICAL USE

ABSTRACT   

        After just over 75 years of penicillin’s clinical use, the world can see that its impact was immediate and profound. In 1928, a chance event in Alexander Fleming’s London laboratory changed the course of medicine. However, the purification and first clinical use of penicillin would take more than a decade. Unprecedented United States/Great Britain cooperation to produce penicillin was incredibly successful by 1943. This success overshadowed efforts to produce penicillin during World War II in Europe, particularly in the Netherlands. Information about these efforts, available only in the last 10–15 years, provides new insights into the story of the first antibiotic. Researchers in the Netherlands produced penicillin using their own production methods and marketed it in 1946, which eventually increased the penicillin supply and decreased the price. The unusual serendipity involved in the discovery of penicillin demonstrates the difficulties in finding new antibiotics and should remind health professionals to expertly manage these extraordinary medicines.

                                                      ( . . . )

GAYNES, R. The Discovery of Penicillin—New Insights After More Than 75 Years of Clinical Use. In: Science, 2017. Disponível em: <http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/23/5/16-1556_article>. Acesso em: 26/06/2018.

Choose the correct option.

The meaning of the word “serendipity” in the sentence: “The unusual serendipity involved in the discovery of penicillin demonstrates the difficulties in finding new antibiotics (...)” is:

• A. strategy.
  
• B. fluke.
  
• C. nuisance.
  
• D. plan.
  
• E. mishap.

Gabarito: B

Comentários

• B) fluke- causalidade, por acaso.

Questão 2934805

• Banca: Exército
• Órgão: IME
• Ano: 2018
• Provas: Exército - 2018 - IME - Quadro de Engenheiro Militar - Português e Inglês
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

                                                 Texto 4

      FRANK WHITTLE AND THE INVENTION OF THE JET ENGINE:

                            SIX PLACES TO TRACE HIS GENIUS

      It was, in many ways, a very British sort of achievement. When the turbine began to spin on the “WU” – the prototype jet engine developed by the Coventry-born engineer Frank Whittle – it was a moment which changed the world. Had you been passing through the byways of Rugby, in Warwickshire, more than 80 years ago, you might even have heard it. A thrum of mechanics in sync, building and building, growing in intensity to become a roar; a giddy howl which would permanently alter the way we journey around our planet.

      And yet it might so easily not have happened. Whittle’s triumph – on April 12, 1937 – was garnered in the face of official indifference and scientific doubt, and was only pulled off by a merest financial hair’s breadth, with the Second World War crowding in on all sides.

                                             ( . . . )

       Here was a visionary who began fomenting his design for a jet engine as early as 1927, and patented it in 1930, yet had to swim against the current after seeing his idea pooh-poohed by the UK's Air Ministry – which, upon seeing the blueprint in 1929, deemed it “impracticable.”

      Undeterred, Whittle took his own path. In January 1936, he founded a private company, Power Jets Ltd, with aeronautical engineer Rolf Dudley Williams and retired RAF officer James Collingwood Tinling. With £2,000 of funding from O.T. Falk & Partners – an investment bank which was known for taking risks – the trio began converting what had been decried as fantasy into reality. That first blur of blades as the WU (Whittle Unit) screamed into life was followed by a series of leaps forward.

      The Air Ministry placed its first order for Whittle’s brainwave in January 1940. The first jet-powered British plane took off from RAF Cranwell, Lincolnshire, on May 15, 1941. The rest is so much history.

      None of this occurred in isolation. The story of the jet engine can never be told without mentions of Maxime Guillaume, who secured a French patent for a jet engine with a gas turbine in 1921 (no prototype was ever produced as it was beyond the scope of existing technology), and of Hans Von Ohain, who beat Whittle to the punch by building the first fully operational jet engine in 1939 as Germany chased advantages in the global conflict.

                                               ( . . . )
  

RAF = Royal Air Force

LEADBEATER, C. Adaptado de Frank Whittle and the invention of the jet engine: Six places to trace his genius. In: The Telegraph. Disponível em: <https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/europe/unitedkingdom/england/articles/frank-whittle-and-the-birth-of-the-jet-engine/>. Acesso em: 08/06/2018

Choose the correct option.

• A. Some 80 years ago, someone could have witnessed the jet engine tests if the person had been in Rugby.
  
• B. The spinning of the turbine in 1937 would not be a milestone in history.
  
• C. What happened in the city where Whittle was born changed the world 80 years after it, and this is very British.
• D. Eventually, Whittle could prove there had been a reason for people to doubt his invention could work.
  
• E. The giddy howl justified the existence of official indifference, but not the way we travel today.
  

Gabarito: A

Questão 2934808

• Banca: Exército
• Órgão: IME
• Ano: 2018
• Provas: Exército - 2018 - IME - Quadro de Engenheiro Militar - Português e Inglês
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

                                                 Texto 4

      FRANK WHITTLE AND THE INVENTION OF THE JET ENGINE:

                            SIX PLACES TO TRACE HIS GENIUS

      It was, in many ways, a very British sort of achievement. When the turbine began to spin on the “WU” – the prototype jet engine developed by the Coventry-born engineer Frank Whittle – it was a moment which changed the world. Had you been passing through the byways of Rugby, in Warwickshire, more than 80 years ago, you might even have heard it. A thrum of mechanics in sync, building and building, growing in intensity to become a roar; a giddy howl which would permanently alter the way we journey around our planet.

      And yet it might so easily not have happened. Whittle’s triumph – on April 12, 1937 – was garnered in the face of official indifference and scientific doubt, and was only pulled off by a merest financial hair’s breadth, with the Second World War crowding in on all sides.

                                             ( . . . )

       Here was a visionary who began fomenting his design for a jet engine as early as 1927, and patented it in 1930, yet had to swim against the current after seeing his idea pooh-poohed by the UK's Air Ministry – which, upon seeing the blueprint in 1929, deemed it “impracticable.”

      Undeterred, Whittle took his own path. In January 1936, he founded a private company, Power Jets Ltd, with aeronautical engineer Rolf Dudley Williams and retired RAF officer James Collingwood Tinling. With £2,000 of funding from O.T. Falk & Partners – an investment bank which was known for taking risks – the trio began converting what had been decried as fantasy into reality. That first blur of blades as the WU (Whittle Unit) screamed into life was followed by a series of leaps forward.

      The Air Ministry placed its first order for Whittle’s brainwave in January 1940. The first jet-powered British plane took off from RAF Cranwell, Lincolnshire, on May 15, 1941. The rest is so much history.

      None of this occurred in isolation. The story of the jet engine can never be told without mentions of Maxime Guillaume, who secured a French patent for a jet engine with a gas turbine in 1921 (no prototype was ever produced as it was beyond the scope of existing technology), and of Hans Von Ohain, who beat Whittle to the punch by building the first fully operational jet engine in 1939 as Germany chased advantages in the global conflict.

                                               ( . . . )
  

RAF = Royal Air Force

LEADBEATER, C. Adaptado de Frank Whittle and the invention of the jet engine: Six places to trace his genius. In: The Telegraph. Disponível em: <https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/europe/unitedkingdom/england/articles/frank-whittle-and-the-birth-of-the-jet-engine/>. Acesso em: 08/06/2018

Choose the correct option.

• A. People seemed to want to sponsor Whittle. This is the only reason why his triumph was garnered.
  
• B. Whittle triumphed a decade after he got funds to be invested in his Project.
  
• C. A large amount of money was available for his project before the Second Wolrd War began.
  
• D. Whittle's problems had to do with low amount of money and contempt for his Project.
  
• E. If Williams and Tinling had been convinced of Whittle's ideas, they would have contributed to the project.

Gabarito: D

Questão 2934811

• Banca: Exército
• Órgão: IME
• Ano: 2018
• Provas: Exército - 2018 - IME - Quadro de Engenheiro Militar - Português e Inglês
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

                                                 Texto 4

      FRANK WHITTLE AND THE INVENTION OF THE JET ENGINE:

                            SIX PLACES TO TRACE HIS GENIUS

      It was, in many ways, a very British sort of achievement. When the turbine began to spin on the “WU” – the prototype jet engine developed by the Coventry-born engineer Frank Whittle – it was a moment which changed the world. Had you been passing through the byways of Rugby, in Warwickshire, more than 80 years ago, you might even have heard it. A thrum of mechanics in sync, building and building, growing in intensity to become a roar; a giddy howl which would permanently alter the way we journey around our planet.

      And yet it might so easily not have happened. Whittle’s triumph – on April 12, 1937 – was garnered in the face of official indifference and scientific doubt, and was only pulled off by a merest financial hair’s breadth, with the Second World War crowding in on all sides.

                                             ( . . . )

       Here was a visionary who began fomenting his design for a jet engine as early as 1927, and patented it in 1930, yet had to swim against the current after seeing his idea pooh-poohed by the UK's Air Ministry – which, upon seeing the blueprint in 1929, deemed it “impracticable.”

      Undeterred, Whittle took his own path. In January 1936, he founded a private company, Power Jets Ltd, with aeronautical engineer Rolf Dudley Williams and retired RAF officer James Collingwood Tinling. With £2,000 of funding from O.T. Falk & Partners – an investment bank which was known for taking risks – the trio began converting what had been decried as fantasy into reality. That first blur of blades as the WU (Whittle Unit) screamed into life was followed by a series of leaps forward.

      The Air Ministry placed its first order for Whittle’s brainwave in January 1940. The first jet-powered British plane took off from RAF Cranwell, Lincolnshire, on May 15, 1941. The rest is so much history.

      None of this occurred in isolation. The story of the jet engine can never be told without mentions of Maxime Guillaume, who secured a French patent for a jet engine with a gas turbine in 1921 (no prototype was ever produced as it was beyond the scope of existing technology), and of Hans Von Ohain, who beat Whittle to the punch by building the first fully operational jet engine in 1939 as Germany chased advantages in the global conflict.

                                               ( . . . )
  

RAF = Royal Air Force

LEADBEATER, C. Adaptado de Frank Whittle and the invention of the jet engine: Six places to trace his genius. In: The Telegraph. Disponível em: <https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/europe/unitedkingdom/england/articles/frank-whittle-and-the-birth-of-the-jet-engine/>. Acesso em: 08/06/2018

Choose the correct option.

• A. Whittle patented his invention right after the test proved he was right and, consequently, he had money to found a company.
• B. Whittle had been swimming against the current for three years when the thrum that became a roar meant a real change in History.
  
• C. It's not such a surprise O.T. Falk & Partners funded a project that had been seen with a certain disdain since it was a bank which took risks.
  
• D. At the time Whittle's project was funded, another jet engine project had been patented in France ten years before. However, there was no prototype of that.
  
• E. The institution that dismissed Whittle's ideas is not the same that ordered him a jet plane in 1940.
  

Gabarito: C

Questão 2934814

• Banca: Exército
• Órgão: IME
• Ano: 2018
• Provas: Exército - 2018 - IME - Quadro de Engenheiro Militar - Português e Inglês
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

                                                 Texto 4

      FRANK WHITTLE AND THE INVENTION OF THE JET ENGINE:

                            SIX PLACES TO TRACE HIS GENIUS

      It was, in many ways, a very British sort of achievement. When the turbine began to spin on the “WU” – the prototype jet engine developed by the Coventry-born engineer Frank Whittle – it was a moment which changed the world. Had you been passing through the byways of Rugby, in Warwickshire, more than 80 years ago, you might even have heard it. A thrum of mechanics in sync, building and building, growing in intensity to become a roar; a giddy howl which would permanently alter the way we journey around our planet.

      And yet it might so easily not have happened. Whittle’s triumph – on April 12, 1937 – was garnered in the face of official indifference and scientific doubt, and was only pulled off by a merest financial hair’s breadth, with the Second World War crowding in on all sides.

                                             ( . . . )

       Here was a visionary who began fomenting his design for a jet engine as early as 1927, and patented it in 1930, yet had to swim against the current after seeing his idea pooh-poohed by the UK's Air Ministry – which, upon seeing the blueprint in 1929, deemed it “impracticable.”

      Undeterred, Whittle took his own path. In January 1936, he founded a private company, Power Jets Ltd, with aeronautical engineer Rolf Dudley Williams and retired RAF officer James Collingwood Tinling. With £2,000 of funding from O.T. Falk & Partners – an investment bank which was known for taking risks – the trio began converting what had been decried as fantasy into reality. That first blur of blades as the WU (Whittle Unit) screamed into life was followed by a series of leaps forward.

      The Air Ministry placed its first order for Whittle’s brainwave in January 1940. The first jet-powered British plane took off from RAF Cranwell, Lincolnshire, on May 15, 1941. The rest is so much history.

      None of this occurred in isolation. The story of the jet engine can never be told without mentions of Maxime Guillaume, who secured a French patent for a jet engine with a gas turbine in 1921 (no prototype was ever produced as it was beyond the scope of existing technology), and of Hans Von Ohain, who beat Whittle to the punch by building the first fully operational jet engine in 1939 as Germany chased advantages in the global conflict.

                                               ( . . . )
  

RAF = Royal Air Force

LEADBEATER, C. Adaptado de Frank Whittle and the invention of the jet engine: Six places to trace his genius. In: The Telegraph. Disponível em: <https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/europe/unitedkingdom/england/articles/frank-whittle-and-the-birth-of-the-jet-engine/>. Acesso em: 08/06/2018

Choose the correct option.

The sentence: “That first blur of blades as the WU (Whittle Unit) screamed into life was followed by a series of leaps forward” means that

• A. after the project was conceived, there were many other difficulties.
  
• B. in 1939, the gap between engine blades still had to be adjusted.
  
• C. the British jet took off ten years after a number of mistakes occurred.
  
• D. before 1940, the orders for what had been decried as fantasy were placed.
  
• E. after the tests, a number of facts led to a positive progress.
  

Gabarito: E

Questão 2934817

• Banca: Exército
• Órgão: IME
• Ano: 2018
• Provas: Exército - 2018 - IME - Quadro de Engenheiro Militar - Português e Inglês
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

                                                 Texto 4

      FRANK WHITTLE AND THE INVENTION OF THE JET ENGINE:

                            SIX PLACES TO TRACE HIS GENIUS

      It was, in many ways, a very British sort of achievement. When the turbine began to spin on the “WU” – the prototype jet engine developed by the Coventry-born engineer Frank Whittle – it was a moment which changed the world. Had you been passing through the byways of Rugby, in Warwickshire, more than 80 years ago, you might even have heard it. A thrum of mechanics in sync, building and building, growing in intensity to become a roar; a giddy howl which would permanently alter the way we journey around our planet.

      And yet it might so easily not have happened. Whittle’s triumph – on April 12, 1937 – was garnered in the face of official indifference and scientific doubt, and was only pulled off by a merest financial hair’s breadth, with the Second World War crowding in on all sides.

                                             ( . . . )

       Here was a visionary who began fomenting his design for a jet engine as early as 1927, and patented it in 1930, yet had to swim against the current after seeing his idea pooh-poohed by the UK's Air Ministry – which, upon seeing the blueprint in 1929, deemed it “impracticable.”

      Undeterred, Whittle took his own path. In January 1936, he founded a private company, Power Jets Ltd, with aeronautical engineer Rolf Dudley Williams and retired RAF officer James Collingwood Tinling. With £2,000 of funding from O.T. Falk & Partners – an investment bank which was known for taking risks – the trio began converting what had been decried as fantasy into reality. That first blur of blades as the WU (Whittle Unit) screamed into life was followed by a series of leaps forward.

      The Air Ministry placed its first order for Whittle’s brainwave in January 1940. The first jet-powered British plane took off from RAF Cranwell, Lincolnshire, on May 15, 1941. The rest is so much history.

      None of this occurred in isolation. The story of the jet engine can never be told without mentions of Maxime Guillaume, who secured a French patent for a jet engine with a gas turbine in 1921 (no prototype was ever produced as it was beyond the scope of existing technology), and of Hans Von Ohain, who beat Whittle to the punch by building the first fully operational jet engine in 1939 as Germany chased advantages in the global conflict.

                                               ( . . . )
  

RAF = Royal Air Force

LEADBEATER, C. Adaptado de Frank Whittle and the invention of the jet engine: Six places to trace his genius. In: The Telegraph. Disponível em: <https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/europe/unitedkingdom/england/articles/frank-whittle-and-the-birth-of-the-jet-engine/>. Acesso em: 08/06/2018

Choose the correct option.

• A. The fact that more than a person developed ideas that couldn't be accomplished explains why Guillaume couldn't provide a prototype in 1921.
  
• B. The story of the jet engine needs to mention the other people that were working together with Whittle's group in the WU (Whittle Unit).
• C. The idea of sound appears three times in the text to refer to the fact that the project was accepted.
  
• D. Whittle's building a prototype engine took place three years before Von Ohain's building an operational jet engine.
  
• E. Von Ohain put his idea into practice to be used by England's enemy before Whittle and his partners.
  

Gabarito: E