Questão 463888

• Banca: CESGRANRIO
• Órgão: Transpetro
• Ano: 2011
• Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2011 - Transpetro - Administrador Júnior; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - Transpetro - Analista de Sistemas Júnior; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - Transpetro - Contador Júnior - Auditoria Interna; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - Transpetro - Contador Júnior - Contábil; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - Transpetro - Economista Júnior; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - Transpetro - Engenheiro Júnior - Análise de Projetos de Inverstimentos; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - Transpetro - Engenheiro Júnior - Automação; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - Transpetro - Engenheiro Júnior - Elétrica; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - Transpetro - Engenheiro Júnior - Engenharia de Produção; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - Transpetro - Engenheiro Júnior - Geotécnica; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - Transpetro - Engenheiro Júnior - Mecânica; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - Transpetro - Engenheiro Júnior - Naval; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - Transpetro - Engenheiro Júnior - Processamento; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - Transpetro - Engenheiro Júnior - Segurança; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - Transpetro - Médico do trabalho; CESGRANRIO - 2
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Model copes with chaos to deliver relief Computer program helps responders transport supplies in tough conditions
By Rachel Ehrenberg Science News, Web edition: Monday, February 21st, 2011
WASHINGTON — Getting blood or other perishable supplies to an area that’s been struck by an earthquake or hurricane isn’t as simple as asking what brown can do for you. But a new model quickly determines the best routes and means for delivering humanitarian aid, even in situations where bridges are out or airport tarmacs are clogged with planes.
The research, presented February 18 at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, could help get supplies to areas which have experienced natural disasters or help prepare for efficient distribution of vaccines when the flu hits.
Efficient supply chains have long been a goal of manufacturers, but transport in fragile networks — where supply, demand and delivery routes may be in extremely rapid flux — requires a different approach, said Anna Nagurney of the University of Massachusetts Amherst, who presented the new work. Rather than considering the shortest path from one place to another to maximize profit, her system aims for the cleanest path at minimum cost, while capturing factors such as the perishability of the product and the uncertainty of supply routes. ‘You don’t know where demand is, so it’s tricky,’ said Nagurney. ‘It’s a multicriteria decision-making problem.’
By calculating the total cost associated with each link in a network, accounting for congestion and incorporating penalties for time and products that are lost, the computer model calculates the best supply chain in situations where standard routes may be disrupted.
‘Mathematical tools are essential to develop formal means to predict, and to respond to, such critical perturbations,’ said Iain Couzin of Princeton University, who uses similar computational tools to study collective animal behavior. ‘This is particularly important where response must be rapid and effective, such as during disaster scenarios … or during epidemics or breaches of national security.
’ The work can be applied to immediate, pressing situations, such as getting blood, food or medication to a disaster site, or to longer-term problems such as determining the best locations for manufacturing flu vaccines. . Retrieved April 7th, 2011.

The communicative intention of the article is to

• A. criticize the inefficient transportation of supplies during stressful events.
• B. announce a study to identify an effective strategy to distribute goods and services in emergencies.
• C. alert society about the arguments against the delivery of humanitarian aid during natural disasters.
• D. report on a computational model to speed up the shipment of perishable products through clogged roads in summer.
• E. argue that the building of alternative highways is paramount to a more efficient distribution of supplies in everyday situations.

Gabarito: B

Comentários

• O segundo paragrafo do texto embasa a alternativa correta. Em sua tradução temos:
  "A pesquisa, apresentada fevereiro..., poderia ajudar a obter suprimentos para as áreas que sofreram catástrofes naturais ou ajudar a preparar para uma distribuição eficiente de vacinas quando os golpes contra a gripe"

• b-

  The outset of the passage presents the overall difficulties when disaster strikes and there comes the obligatory need to ship aid to the affected areas. Then it brings up the proposed solution, a devised system that takes into account a number of factors in addition to cost and time constraints and outputs an path optimised for wrecked routes and convoluted circumstances. 

  Esse é o tipo de questao que tem que fazer depois de responder 3 ou 4 questões para se ter uma ideia clara do texto sem precisar lê-lo de novo. O texto é somente informativo, relatando um sistema que planeja rotas para transporte em situacoes de emergencia