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Prova EDUCA - 2020 - Prefeitura de Cabedelo - PB - Professor de Educação Básica II - Inglês


ID
5165302
Banca
EDUCA
Órgão
Prefeitura de Cabedelo - PB
Ano
2020
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Answer the question according to the text bellow

THE CREATIVE BRAIN IS WIRED DIFFERENTLY

Scientists studying brain scans of people who were asked to come up with inventive uses for everyday objects found a specific pattern of connectivity that correlated with the most creative responses. Researchers were then able to use that pattern to predict how creative other people's responses would be based on their connections in this network. The study is described in a January 15 (2018) paper published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

"What this shows is that the creative brain is wired differently," said Roger Beaty, a Post-Doctoral Fellow in Psychology and the first author of the study. "People who are more creative can simultaneously engage brain networks that don't typically work together. We also used predictive modeling to show we could predict, with some degree of accuracy, how creative people's ideas were (based on brain scans) that had already been published." Beaty and colleagues reanalyzed brain data from previous studies and found that, by simply measuring the strength of connections in these peoples' brain networks, they could estimate how original their ideas would be.

While the data showed that regions across the brain were involved in creative thought, Beaty said the evidence pointed to three subnetworks -- the default mode network, the salience network and the executive control network -- that appear to play key roles in creative thought.

The default mode network, he said, is involved in memory and mental simulation, so the theory is that it plays an important role in processes like mindwandering, imagination, and spontaneous thinking.

"In terms of creativity, we think that's important for brainstorming," Beaty said. "But you're not always going to stumble onto the most creative idea that way, because you might be drawn to something unoriginal from memory, so that's when these other networks come online."

The salience network, he said, detects important information, both in the environment and internally. When it comes to creativity, researchers believe it may be responsible for sorting through the ideas that emerge from the default mode network.

Lastly, Beaty said, the executive control network works to help people keep their focus on useful ideas while discarding those that aren't working.

"It's the synchrony between these systems that seems to be important for creativity," Beaty said. "People who think more flexibly and come up with more creative ideas are better able to engage these networks that don't typically work together and bring these systems online."

To identify the brain network involved in creativity, Beaty and colleagues recruited a total of 163 volunteers, and used functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) technology to scan their brains as they tried to conceive of creative ideas for everyday objects, like a brick or a knife or a rope.

The team then trained "raters" to review the responses from participants and evaluate how creative their ideas were.

"Creativity is typically defined as the ability to come up with new and useful ideas," Beaty said. "We correlated the connectivity strength in this network while they were thinking creatively with the quality of their responses."

Based on the results of that test, Beaty and colleagues developed a predictive model and tested against brain scan data collected for earlier studies on creativity.

"We used already-published data. we found that based on how strong the connections are in this network, we could guess pretty accurately how creative you're going to be on a task," Beaty said.

Ultimately, Beaty said he hopes the study dispels some myths about creativity and where it comes from.

"One thing I hope this study does is dispel the myth of left versus right brain in creative thinking," he said. "This is a whole-brain endeavor."

It's also not clear that this can't be modified with some kind of training. "It's not something where you have it or you don't," he added. "Creativity is complex, and we're only scratching the surface here, so there's much more work that's needed."

Adapted from: Harvard University. Roger E. Beaty, Yoed N. Kenett, Alexander P. Christensen, Monica D. Rosenberg, Mathias Benedek, Qunlin Chen, Andreas Fink, Jiang Qiu, Thomas R. Kwapil, Michael J. Kane, Paul J. Silvia, 2018, accessed in February 2020.

It is possible to comprehend from the text that the main finding of the research was:

Alternativas

ID
5165305
Banca
EDUCA
Órgão
Prefeitura de Cabedelo - PB
Ano
2020
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Answer the question according to the text bellow

THE CREATIVE BRAIN IS WIRED DIFFERENTLY

Scientists studying brain scans of people who were asked to come up with inventive uses for everyday objects found a specific pattern of connectivity that correlated with the most creative responses. Researchers were then able to use that pattern to predict how creative other people's responses would be based on their connections in this network. The study is described in a January 15 (2018) paper published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

"What this shows is that the creative brain is wired differently," said Roger Beaty, a Post-Doctoral Fellow in Psychology and the first author of the study. "People who are more creative can simultaneously engage brain networks that don't typically work together. We also used predictive modeling to show we could predict, with some degree of accuracy, how creative people's ideas were (based on brain scans) that had already been published." Beaty and colleagues reanalyzed brain data from previous studies and found that, by simply measuring the strength of connections in these peoples' brain networks, they could estimate how original their ideas would be.

While the data showed that regions across the brain were involved in creative thought, Beaty said the evidence pointed to three subnetworks -- the default mode network, the salience network and the executive control network -- that appear to play key roles in creative thought.

The default mode network, he said, is involved in memory and mental simulation, so the theory is that it plays an important role in processes like mindwandering, imagination, and spontaneous thinking.

"In terms of creativity, we think that's important for brainstorming," Beaty said. "But you're not always going to stumble onto the most creative idea that way, because you might be drawn to something unoriginal from memory, so that's when these other networks come online."

The salience network, he said, detects important information, both in the environment and internally. When it comes to creativity, researchers believe it may be responsible for sorting through the ideas that emerge from the default mode network.

Lastly, Beaty said, the executive control network works to help people keep their focus on useful ideas while discarding those that aren't working.

"It's the synchrony between these systems that seems to be important for creativity," Beaty said. "People who think more flexibly and come up with more creative ideas are better able to engage these networks that don't typically work together and bring these systems online."

To identify the brain network involved in creativity, Beaty and colleagues recruited a total of 163 volunteers, and used functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) technology to scan their brains as they tried to conceive of creative ideas for everyday objects, like a brick or a knife or a rope.

The team then trained "raters" to review the responses from participants and evaluate how creative their ideas were.

"Creativity is typically defined as the ability to come up with new and useful ideas," Beaty said. "We correlated the connectivity strength in this network while they were thinking creatively with the quality of their responses."

Based on the results of that test, Beaty and colleagues developed a predictive model and tested against brain scan data collected for earlier studies on creativity.

"We used already-published data. we found that based on how strong the connections are in this network, we could guess pretty accurately how creative you're going to be on a task," Beaty said.

Ultimately, Beaty said he hopes the study dispels some myths about creativity and where it comes from.

"One thing I hope this study does is dispel the myth of left versus right brain in creative thinking," he said. "This is a whole-brain endeavor."

It's also not clear that this can't be modified with some kind of training. "It's not something where you have it or you don't," he added. "Creativity is complex, and we're only scratching the surface here, so there's much more work that's needed."

Adapted from: Harvard University. Roger E. Beaty, Yoed N. Kenett, Alexander P. Christensen, Monica D. Rosenberg, Mathias Benedek, Qunlin Chen, Andreas Fink, Jiang Qiu, Thomas R. Kwapil, Michael J. Kane, Paul J. Silvia, 2018, accessed in February 2020.

Based on the text, determine which statements are TRUE (T) or FALSE (F).


( )The creative brain showed nonspecific connections.

( ) By measuring the strength of connections in the volunteers' brain networks, the researchers could estimate how creative their ideas would be.

( ) Brainstorming means “group discussion to produce ideas or solve problems”.

( ) The study demonstrated that creativity is simple matter and that only predisposed people can develop a creative mind.

Alternativas

ID
5165308
Banca
EDUCA
Órgão
Prefeitura de Cabedelo - PB
Ano
2020
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês

Answer the question according to the text bellow

THE CREATIVE BRAIN IS WIRED DIFFERENTLY

Scientists studying brain scans of people who were asked to come up with inventive uses for everyday objects found a specific pattern of connectivity that correlated with the most creative responses. Researchers were then able to use that pattern to predict how creative other people's responses would be based on their connections in this network. The study is described in a January 15 (2018) paper published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

"What this shows is that the creative brain is wired differently," said Roger Beaty, a Post-Doctoral Fellow in Psychology and the first author of the study. "People who are more creative can simultaneously engage brain networks that don't typically work together. We also used predictive modeling to show we could predict, with some degree of accuracy, how creative people's ideas were (based on brain scans) that had already been published." Beaty and colleagues reanalyzed brain data from previous studies and found that, by simply measuring the strength of connections in these peoples' brain networks, they could estimate how original their ideas would be.

While the data showed that regions across the brain were involved in creative thought, Beaty said the evidence pointed to three subnetworks -- the default mode network, the salience network and the executive control network -- that appear to play key roles in creative thought.

The default mode network, he said, is involved in memory and mental simulation, so the theory is that it plays an important role in processes like mindwandering, imagination, and spontaneous thinking.

"In terms of creativity, we think that's important for brainstorming," Beaty said. "But you're not always going to stumble onto the most creative idea that way, because you might be drawn to something unoriginal from memory, so that's when these other networks come online."

The salience network, he said, detects important information, both in the environment and internally. When it comes to creativity, researchers believe it may be responsible for sorting through the ideas that emerge from the default mode network.

Lastly, Beaty said, the executive control network works to help people keep their focus on useful ideas while discarding those that aren't working.

"It's the synchrony between these systems that seems to be important for creativity," Beaty said. "People who think more flexibly and come up with more creative ideas are better able to engage these networks that don't typically work together and bring these systems online."

To identify the brain network involved in creativity, Beaty and colleagues recruited a total of 163 volunteers, and used functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) technology to scan their brains as they tried to conceive of creative ideas for everyday objects, like a brick or a knife or a rope.

The team then trained "raters" to review the responses from participants and evaluate how creative their ideas were.

"Creativity is typically defined as the ability to come up with new and useful ideas," Beaty said. "We correlated the connectivity strength in this network while they were thinking creatively with the quality of their responses."

Based on the results of that test, Beaty and colleagues developed a predictive model and tested against brain scan data collected for earlier studies on creativity.

"We used already-published data. we found that based on how strong the connections are in this network, we could guess pretty accurately how creative you're going to be on a task," Beaty said.

Ultimately, Beaty said he hopes the study dispels some myths about creativity and where it comes from.

"One thing I hope this study does is dispel the myth of left versus right brain in creative thinking," he said. "This is a whole-brain endeavor."

It's also not clear that this can't be modified with some kind of training. "It's not something where you have it or you don't," he added. "Creativity is complex, and we're only scratching the surface here, so there's much more work that's needed."

Adapted from: Harvard University. Roger E. Beaty, Yoed N. Kenett, Alexander P. Christensen, Monica D. Rosenberg, Mathias Benedek, Qunlin Chen, Andreas Fink, Jiang Qiu, Thomas R. Kwapil, Michael J. Kane, Paul J. Silvia, 2018, accessed in February 2020.

The words: BRAINSTORMING, MIGHT, FLEXIBLY, WHILE, ENDEAVOR, that appear in the text are grammatically and respectively used as:

Alternativas

ID
5165311
Banca
EDUCA
Órgão
Prefeitura de Cabedelo - PB
Ano
2020
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Answer the question according to the text bellow

THE CREATIVE BRAIN IS WIRED DIFFERENTLY

Scientists studying brain scans of people who were asked to come up with inventive uses for everyday objects found a specific pattern of connectivity that correlated with the most creative responses. Researchers were then able to use that pattern to predict how creative other people's responses would be based on their connections in this network. The study is described in a January 15 (2018) paper published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

"What this shows is that the creative brain is wired differently," said Roger Beaty, a Post-Doctoral Fellow in Psychology and the first author of the study. "People who are more creative can simultaneously engage brain networks that don't typically work together. We also used predictive modeling to show we could predict, with some degree of accuracy, how creative people's ideas were (based on brain scans) that had already been published." Beaty and colleagues reanalyzed brain data from previous studies and found that, by simply measuring the strength of connections in these peoples' brain networks, they could estimate how original their ideas would be.

While the data showed that regions across the brain were involved in creative thought, Beaty said the evidence pointed to three subnetworks -- the default mode network, the salience network and the executive control network -- that appear to play key roles in creative thought.

The default mode network, he said, is involved in memory and mental simulation, so the theory is that it plays an important role in processes like mindwandering, imagination, and spontaneous thinking.

"In terms of creativity, we think that's important for brainstorming," Beaty said. "But you're not always going to stumble onto the most creative idea that way, because you might be drawn to something unoriginal from memory, so that's when these other networks come online."

The salience network, he said, detects important information, both in the environment and internally. When it comes to creativity, researchers believe it may be responsible for sorting through the ideas that emerge from the default mode network.

Lastly, Beaty said, the executive control network works to help people keep their focus on useful ideas while discarding those that aren't working.

"It's the synchrony between these systems that seems to be important for creativity," Beaty said. "People who think more flexibly and come up with more creative ideas are better able to engage these networks that don't typically work together and bring these systems online."

To identify the brain network involved in creativity, Beaty and colleagues recruited a total of 163 volunteers, and used functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) technology to scan their brains as they tried to conceive of creative ideas for everyday objects, like a brick or a knife or a rope.

The team then trained "raters" to review the responses from participants and evaluate how creative their ideas were.

"Creativity is typically defined as the ability to come up with new and useful ideas," Beaty said. "We correlated the connectivity strength in this network while they were thinking creatively with the quality of their responses."

Based on the results of that test, Beaty and colleagues developed a predictive model and tested against brain scan data collected for earlier studies on creativity.

"We used already-published data. we found that based on how strong the connections are in this network, we could guess pretty accurately how creative you're going to be on a task," Beaty said.

Ultimately, Beaty said he hopes the study dispels some myths about creativity and where it comes from.

"One thing I hope this study does is dispel the myth of left versus right brain in creative thinking," he said. "This is a whole-brain endeavor."

It's also not clear that this can't be modified with some kind of training. "It's not something where you have it or you don't," he added. "Creativity is complex, and we're only scratching the surface here, so there's much more work that's needed."

Adapted from: Harvard University. Roger E. Beaty, Yoed N. Kenett, Alexander P. Christensen, Monica D. Rosenberg, Mathias Benedek, Qunlin Chen, Andreas Fink, Jiang Qiu, Thomas R. Kwapil, Michael J. Kane, Paul J. Silvia, 2018, accessed in February 2020.

As we read in the text "Creativity is typically defined as the ability to come up with new and useful ideas”, in the same way when we say someone is reliable, we meant to say:

Alternativas

ID
5165314
Banca
EDUCA
Órgão
Prefeitura de Cabedelo - PB
Ano
2020
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read carefully the following fragment, then answer the question


Ebony and ivory

Ebony and ivory

Live together in perfect harmony

Side by side on my piano keyboard

Oh Lord, why don't we?

We all know that people are the same where ever you go

There is good and bad in everyone

And we learn to live, we learn to give each other

What we need to survive together alive

[...]

Ebony and ivory - song by Paul McCartney, 1982.

What analogy can be made considering the message of the song? Choose the CORRECT alternative:

Alternativas

ID
5165317
Banca
EDUCA
Órgão
Prefeitura de Cabedelo - PB
Ano
2020
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Read carefully the following fragment, then answer the question


Ebony and ivory

Ebony and ivory

Live together in perfect harmony

Side by side on my piano keyboard

Oh Lord, why don't we?

We all know that people are the same where ever you go

There is good and bad in everyone

And we learn to live, we learn to give each other

What we need to survive together alive

[...]

Ebony and ivory - song by Paul McCartney, 1982.

The excerpt: “There is good and bad in everyone” has its meaning correctly represented in the alternative:

Alternativas

ID
5165320
Banca
EDUCA
Órgão
Prefeitura de Cabedelo - PB
Ano
2020
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Select the correct two forms of the verb 'To Forsake’ according to the order: Past simple - Past Participle.

Alternativas

ID
5165323
Banca
EDUCA
Órgão
Prefeitura de Cabedelo - PB
Ano
2020
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Considering the following sentence, choose the phrasal verb that has the equivalent meaning to what is indicated between parentheses:

The students have been ____________ (To Laze) all the time in class and now complain about their grades.

Alternativas

ID
5165326
Banca
EDUCA
Órgão
Prefeitura de Cabedelo - PB
Ano
2020
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

In view of the sentence: “We regret that we visited that city”, choose the most appropriate alternative that express regret about the past:

Alternativas
Comentários
  • LETRA B é a alternativa mais adequada para expressar arrependimento no passado.

    Tradução da letra b:Nós gostaríamos de não ter visitado aquela cidade.

    Past perfect: ação que ocorreu no passado antes de uma outra ação ter ocorrido.

    Forma do past perfect: Sujeito + had + verbo principal no particípio passado + complemento 

    Exemplo:The movie had already started when I got home yesterday. (O filme já tinha começado quando eu cheguei em casa ontem).

    Para a forma negativa basta acrescentar o “not” após o “had”;

    Para as frases interrogativas, inverter o “had”, colocando-o no início da frase.


ID
5165329
Banca
EDUCA
Órgão
Prefeitura de Cabedelo - PB
Ano
2020
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Choose the alternative with the suitable linking word:


____________ the bad weather we had to postpone our travel plans to the beach.

Alternativas

ID
5165332
Banca
EDUCA
Órgão
Prefeitura de Cabedelo - PB
Ano
2020
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Considering the following sentence, select the correct alternative to fulfill out the lines:

“The apartment __________ (To Belong) to Mary for 5 years before she _________ (To Sell) it.”

Alternativas
Comentários
  • Gabarito: A

    Simple past= algo que ocorreu no passado.

    x

    Past perfect=é um tempo verbal usado para expressar ações passadas que aconteceram antes de outra ação que também ocorrera no passado.

    É o caso do gabarito (A): “The apartment __________ (To Belong) to Mary for 5 years before she _________ (To Sell) it.”

    O apartamento pertenceu Maria por 5 anos antes de ela o ter vendido.

    had belonged- pertenceu(primeira ação no passado)

    sold-vendido(também ocorreu no passado, mas antes da ação anterior, primeiro pertenceu e depois vendeu).

    Acredite em um DEUS DE PROMESSAS.


ID
5165335
Banca
EDUCA
Órgão
Prefeitura de Cabedelo - PB
Ano
2020
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Utilize the Passive Voice: The song “Crazy Little Thing Called Love” To Compose) by Freddie Mercury in 1979.

Alternativas
Comentários
  • VOZ PASSIVA ESTA NO MESMO TEMPO DA VOZ ATIVA


ID
5165338
Banca
EDUCA
Órgão
Prefeitura de Cabedelo - PB
Ano
2020
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Complete correctly: “We have been looking forward to a marvellous mountain stroll with a sunny day, but we were disappointed in _________ cases.

Alternativas

ID
5165341
Banca
EDUCA
Órgão
Prefeitura de Cabedelo - PB
Ano
2020
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

Complete the sentence bellow with the correct adverb:


“Martha was angry, she looked at Paul ---------”.

Alternativas

ID
5165344
Banca
EDUCA
Órgão
Prefeitura de Cabedelo - PB
Ano
2020
Provas
Disciplina
Inglês
Assuntos

“Absurdities and enormities are great in proportion to custom or insuetude [being unaccustomed].”

Adapted from: Imaginary Conversations and Poems: A
Selection, by Walter Savage Landor, 1824.

Choose the accurate meaning of the word ENORMITY:

Alternativas