Questões de Verbos modais | Modal verbs

Questão 1786

• Banca: NCE-UFRJ
• Órgão: BNDES
• Ano: 2005
• Provas: NCE-UFRJ - 2005 - BNDES - Administrador; NCE-UFRJ - 2005 - BNDES - Contador
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

READ TEXT I AND ANSWER QUESTIONS 21 TO 25:

TEXT I

The integral approach strategies adopted by
Favela-Bairro consist of proposals of integrated and
participative actions. The path that goes from welfare
to work should combine programs and services for
human and social development with labor and incomegeneration
opportunities. To be viable, however, social
promotion interventions should be focused on
geographical areas with a high concentration of poverty,
specifically on the poorest families.
An intersectoral decentralized and participative
approach can produce synergetic effects capable of
providing greater impact for poverty and inequality
reduction policies, and capable of contributing to their
sustainability.
Although Favela-Bairro has been based on the idea
of integrated urban infrastructure interventions, initially
the program did not incorporate all the basic components
of an integral approach strategy. These components
were gradually incorporated into its design as a result
of the participatory process and the transformations
that occurred in the municipal administration.
Favela-Bairro is the result of an evolving process
that resulted in the creation of a typical integral
development model with a territorial base that
incorporates life-cycle perspectives.
Rio de Janeiro inhabitants, either living in favelas
or not, recognize the importance of the Favela-Bairro
program. A public opinion poll carried out in 2003 asked
cariocas (as Rio residents are called) to choose from
a list of governmental programs the one to which the
next mayor should give priority. Favela-Bairro was
chosen in first place in all three rounds of the survey.
The same institute asked respondents about the most
important project for the city, and again Favela-Bairro
ranked first: 26.1 percent of respondents have elected
Favela-Bairro as more important than programs such
as minimum income, popular restaurants, and even
essential works in major city roads.

(www.worldbank.org on September 10, 2005)

should in "to which the next mayor should give priority" (l. 30/31) expresses a(n):

• A. obligation;
• B. possibility;
• C. prohibition;
• D. recommendation;
• E. permission.

Gabarito: D

Comentários

• We use SHOULD to give advice or recommendation; CAN expresses ability, possibility, permission, it depends on the context. MUSTN'T represents a prohibition : you mustn't do it, so don't do it. Finally, MUST and HAVE TO INDICATE AN OBLIGATION.
• Nós usamos "should"para expressar opinião, dar conselhos e sugestões ou fazer recomendações."Should"é menos intenso do que "must"ou "have to"."É frequentemente usado com "I think". Ex: I think they should keep the contract. I don't think they should replace him. Do you think we should tell her?Podemos também dar conselhos usando o "had better"Entretanto quando usamos o "had better" para dar um conselho e este não for seguido, há a possibilidade de uma consequência ruim.Ex: You'd better do what I say or else you will get into trouble. I'd better get back to work or my boss will be angry with me. We'd better get to the airport by five or else we may miss the flight.

Questão 5512

• Banca: CESGRANRIO
• Órgão: Transpetro
• Ano: 2006
• Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2006 - Transpetro - Analista de Sistemas Júnior; CESGRANRIO - 2006 - Transpetro - Analista de Sistemas Pleno
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Sinônimos | Synonyms; Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

The oil and natural gas industry has developed and
applied an impressive array of innovative technologies to
improve productivity and efficiency, while yielding
environmental benefits. According to the U.S. Department
of Energy, "the petroleum business has transformed itself
into a high-technology industry."
State-of-the-art technology allows the industry to
produce more oil and natural gas from more remote
places - some previously unreachable - with significantly
less adverse effect on the environment. Among the
benefits: increased supply to meet the world's growing
energy demand, reduced energy consumption at oil and
natural gas facilities and refineries, reduced noise from
operations, decreased size of facilities, reduced
emissions of pollutants, better protection of water
resources, and preservation of habitats and wildlife.
With advanced exploration and production
technologies, the oil and gas industry can pinpoint
resources more accurately, extract them more efficiently
and with less surface disturbance, minimize associated
wastes, and, ultimately, restore sites to original or better
condition.
Exploration and production advances include
advanced directional drilling, slimhole drilling, and 3-D
seismic technology. Other segments of the industry have
benefited from technological advances as well. Refineries
are becoming highly automated with integrated process
and energy system controls; this results in improved
operational and environmental performance and enables
refineries to run harder and produce more products safer
than ever before. Also, new process equipment and
catalyst technology advances have been made very
recently to meet new fuel regulations requiring very low
levels of sulfur in gasoline and diesel.
Technology advances such as these are making it
possible for the oil and natural gas industry to grow in
tandem with the nation's energy needs while maintaining
a cleaner environment. The industry is committed to
investing in advanced technologies that will continue to
provide affordable and reliable energy to support our
current quality of life, and expand our economic horizons.
For example, we are researching fuel cells that may
power the vehicles of tomorrow with greater efficiency
and less environmental impact. We are investigating ways
to tap the huge natural gas resources locked in gas
hydrates. Gas hydrates are common in sediments in
the ocean's deep waters where cold temperatures and
high pressures cause natural gas and water to freeze
together, forming solid gas hydrates. Gas hydrates could
be an important future source of natural gas for our nation.
Some of our companies are also investigating
renewable energy resources such as solar, wind,
biomass and geothermal energy. By conducting research
into overcoming the many technological hurdles that limit
these energy resources, they hope to make them more
reliable, affordable and convenient for future use. Although
the potential for these energy resources is great,
scientists do not expect them to be a significant part of
the nation's energy mix for many decades. For this
reason, the industry must continue to invest in
conventional resources such as oil and natural gas. We
will need to rely on these important energy resources for
many decades to come.

In: http://api-ec.api.org/focus/index

In ". the industry must continue to invest in conventional resources such as oil and natural gas." (lines 60-61), the word that could replace "must" without changing the meaning of the sentence is:

• A. ought to.
• B. could.
• C. has to.
• D. may.
• E. will.

Gabarito: C

Comentários

• MUST AND HAVE TO INDICATE OBLIGATION.
• * a) ought to. = deveria * b) could. = poderia * c) has to. = tem que - RESPOSTA CORRETA, pois o MUST significa DEVER, uma obrigação * d) may. = pode ser * e) will. = irá

• c-

  Semanticamente, o Must é o mais forte de todos, indicando maior nível de obrigatoriedade. "Has to" é o mais próximo, seguido de "ought to".

Questão 8620

• Banca: ESAF
• Órgão: Receita Federal
• Ano: 2005
• Provas: ESAF - 2005 - Receita Federal - Auditor Fiscal da Receita Federal - Área Tecnologia da Informação - Prova 1; ESAF - 2005 - Receita Federal - Auditor Fiscal da Receita Federal - Área Tributária e Aduaneira - Prova 1
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension; Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Your answers to questions 21 to 24 must be based on the
text below entitled "A dip in the middle":

A dip in the middle
Source: The Economist (adapted)
Sep 8th 2005

Income tax has been paid in Britain for more
than two centuries. First introduced by William Pitt the
Younger to finance the war against Napoleonic France,
it is the Treasury´s biggest source of revenue, raising
30% of tax receipts. It arouses strong political emotions,
regarded as fair by some because it makes the rich pay a
bigger share of their income than the poor, but unfair by
others because it penalizes enterprise and hard work.
During the past 30 years, income tax has been
subject to sweeping changes, notably the cut in the top
rate from 98% to 40% under Margaret Thatcher between
1979 and 1988. Now another Conservative politician,
George Osborne, is floating a radical reform to match
that earlier exploit. The shadow chancellor announced
on September 7th that he was setting up a commission
to explore the possible introduction of a flat income tax
in Britain.
Introducing a flat income tax into Britain would
involve two main changes. At present, there are three
marginal tax rates. These three rates would be replaced
by a single rate, which would be considerably lower than
the current top rate. At the same time there would be an
increase in the tax-free personal allowance, currently
worth 4,895 pounds.

The flat income tax

• A. is intended to hinder enterprise and hard work.
• B. would be below the present top rate.
• C. ought to please low-earners and high-fliers.
• D. must generate a cut in public spending.
• E. might be financed by increases in other taxes.

Gabarito: B

Comentários

• which would be considerably lower thanthe current top rate = would be below the present top rate
• Atenção para a alternativa C, ela é uma inferência que faz sentido, mas não está contida no texto.

• b-

  "would be considerably lower than the current top rate". Upon replacement of the current 3-tier tax system, the flat rate model would mean a reduction of the share normally forked to the Powers That Be.

• B - would be below the present top rate - estaria abaixo da taxa máxima atual.

  TEXTO

  These three rates would be replaced by a single rate, which would be considerably lower than the current top rate. 

  Essas três taxas seriam substituídas por uma única taxa, que seria consideravelmente menor do que a taxa máxima atual.

Questão 8632

• Banca: ESAF
• Órgão: Receita Federal
• Ano: 2005
• Provas: ESAF - 2005 - Receita Federal - Auditor Fiscal da Receita Federal - Área Tecnologia da Informação - Prova 1; ESAF - 2005 - Receita Federal - Auditor Fiscal da Receita Federal - Área Tributária e Aduaneira - Prova 1
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension; Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Your answers to questions 25 to 27 must be based on the
text below entitled "Flight of the French":

Flight of the French
Source: Newsweek (adapted)
Sept 26th/Oct 3rd 2005

The Belgians call them "fiscal refugees", but these
refugees wear Chanel. They are runaways from high
taxes in France. Officially, France has lost, on average,
one millionaire or billionaire tax payer per day for tax
reasons since 1997, when the government started trying
to track capital flight. Privately, economists say the
number is much higher. "The statistic is stupid," holds
French economist Nicolas Baverez. "It's as if, to count
contraband, you only counted what people declared at
the border."
While much of Europe has revised its tax codes, France's
fiscal inertia is virtually begging its rich to leave. Holding dear
its commitment to égalité and fraternité, France has bucked
the trend in the European Union, where most member states
have dropped the wealth tax since the mid-1990s. France
went the opposite way in 1997 by abolishing a cap that limited
the wealth-tax bill, which kicks in at incomes over 720,000
euros to 85% of a taxpayer's income. The result: some pay
more taxes than they earn in income.

According to the author, France

• A. might change its fiscal system.
• B. must preserve its wealth tax.
• C. has not changed its fiscal policy.
• D. ought to slash its public spending.
• E. could lose from a tax reform.

Gabarito: C

Comentários

• a) incorreta:
  might change its fiscal system - em nenhum local está escrito que ela pode mudar o sistema fiscal
  b) incorreta 
  must preserve its wealth tax - pelo contrário, ela precisa mudar, e não preservar os impostos sobre a fortuna/riqueza
  c) correta
  has not changed its fiscal policy = não têm mudado sua política fiscal
  d) incorreta
  ought to slash its public spending = deveria reduzir sua despesa pública - informação não contida no texto
  slash: reduzir
  e) incorreta
  could lose from a tax reform = pode perder de uma reforma tributária - o texto não fala sobre reforma.
  
• Letra C
  
  trecho "While much of Europe has revised its tax codes, France's
  fiscal inertia is virtually begging its rich to leave."
  
  fiscal inertia ---> has not changed its fiscal policy.
  
  bons estudos.
  
  

• c-

  While much of Europe has revised its tax codes, France's fiscal inertia is virtually begging its rich to leave.

• C - has not changed its fiscal policy – não mudou sua política fiscal

  TEXTO

  While much of Europe has revised its tax codes, France's fiscal inertia is virtually begging its rich to leave.

  Embora grande parte da Europa tenha revisado seus códigos tributários, a França a inércia fiscal está virtualmente implorando que seus ricos partam.

Questão 8638

• Banca: ESAF
• Órgão: Receita Federal
• Ano: 2005
• Provas: ESAF - 2005 - Receita Federal - Auditor Fiscal da Receita Federal - Área Tecnologia da Informação - Prova 1; ESAF - 2005 - Receita Federal - Auditor Fiscal da Receita Federal - Área Tributária e Aduaneira - Prova 1
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension; Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Your answers to questions 28 to 30 must be based on
the text below entitled "The real medicine":

The real medicine
Source: Newsweek (adapted)
Oct 17th 2005

People who survive a heart attack often
describe it as a wake-up call. But for a 61-year old
executive I met recently, it was more than that. This
man was in the midst of a divorce when he was
stricken last spring, and he had fallen out of touch
with friends and family members. The executive´s
doctor, unaware of the strife in his life, counseled him
to change his diet, start exercising and quit smoking.
He also prescribed drugs to lower cholesterol and
blood pressure. It was sound advice, but in combing
the medical literature, the patient discovered that he
needed to do more. Studies suggested that his risk of
dying within six months would be four times greater
if he remained depressed and lonely. So he joined
a support group and reordered his priorities, placing
relationships at the top of the list instead of the bottom.
His health has improved steadily since then, and so
has his outlook on life. In fact he now describes his
heart attack as the best thing that ever happened to
him. "Yes, my arteries are more open," he says. "But
even more important, I´m more open."

The advice given by the doctor is defined as sound. In other words, it

• A. might be effective.
• B. is reliable and effective.
• C. is questionable.
• D. should be looked into.
• E. must be deeply researched.

Gabarito: B

Comentários

• Uma das traduções para a palavra "sound" é no sentido de ser sadio, saudável, bom. Logo, a frase " It was sound advice" siginifica foi um bom conselho.
  
  Logo, a alternativa que mais se encaixa com o sentido do texto é a "is reliable and effective", ou seja, é confiável e efetivo.

• b-

  sound advice - advice that follows common sense, that has a right ring to one's ears and doesn't seem to go against conventiona wisdom.

Questão 9484

• Banca: ESAF
• Órgão: MRE
• Ano: 2004
• Provas: ESAF - 2004 - MRE - Assistente de Chancelaria - Prova 1
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension; Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Your answers to questions 23 to 27 must be based
on the review below, which is entitled "Illusions of
Empire: Defining the New American Order".

Illusions of Empire: Defining the New
American Order
Source: www.foreignaffairs.org
March/April 2004 (Adapted)

In his book The Sorrows of Empire: Militarism,
Secrecy, and the End of the Republic, Chalmers
Johnson advances the disturbing claim that the United
States' Cold War-era military power and far-flung base
system have, in the last decade, been consolidated in a
new form of global imperial rule. The United States,
according to Johnson, has become "a military
juggernaut intent on world domination."
Driven by a triumphalist ideology, an
exaggerated sense of threats, and a self-serving
military-industrial complex, this juggernaut is tightening
its grip on much of the world. The Pentagon has
replaced the State Department as the primary shaper of
foreign policy. Military commanders in regional
headquarters are modern-day proconsuls, warriordiplomats
who direct the United States' imperial reach.
Johnson fears that this military empire will corrode
democracy, bankrupt the nation, spark opposition, and
ultimately end in a Soviet-style collapse.

According to the text, "the primary shaper of foreign policy"

• A. would have to be replaced.
• B. might have to be overestimated.
• C. ought to be neglected.
• D. may be unsustainable.
• E. has been substituted.

Gabarito: E

Comentários

• Resposta: e
  No texto --> The Pentagon has replaced (= has been substituted) the State Department as the primary shaper of foreign policy

• e-

  Paráfrase do texto, substituindo replace por substitute:

   

  The Pentagon has replaced the State Department as the primary shaper of foreign policy. 

Questão 9592

• Banca: ESAF
• Órgão: MRE
• Ano: 2002
• Provas: ESAF - 2002 - MRE - Assistente de Chancelaria
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension; Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Read the text below in order to answer questions 16
to 20:

Brazil-UK Relations

Brazilian President Fernando Henrique
Cardoso paid a brief visit to the United Kingdom
on 27-28 October 2001, accepting a last minute
invitation by British Prime Minister Tony Blair for a
private meeting. The two leaders met at
Chequers, Buckinghamshire, and were joined by
former American President Bill Clinton.
During the meeting, Blair and Cardoso had
the opportunity to discuss current global affairs
issues such as the ongoing international
campaign against terrorism, the forthcoming
World Trade Organization meeting in Doha and
the reform of the United Nations Security Council.
Speaking to the press before departing for
France, President Cardoso stated that during the
meeting they had agreed on the need for
immediate reform of the UN Security Council so
that the "fate of countries is not decided by a small
group of nations, as it is today".

According to the Brazilian President, a small group of nations

• A. should get together in Doha.
• B. was supposed to meet in England.
• C. should make the major decisions.
• D. could be making the major decisions.
• E. has been making most decisions.

Gabarito: E

Comentários

• No texto --> Speaking to the press before departing for France, President Cardoso stated that during the meeting they had agreed on the need for immediate reform of the UN Security Council so that the fate of countries is not decided by a small group of nations, as it is today.
  Tradução --> Em declarações à imprensa antes de partir para França, o presidente Fernando Henrique Cardoso afirmou que durante a reunião eles tinham concordado com a necessidade de reforma imediata do Conselho de Segurança da ONU, de modo que o destino dos países não é decidido por um pequeno grupo de nações, como é hoje.
  Ou seja: a small group of nations has been making most decisions (um pequeno grupo de nações vem fazendo a maioria das decisões).
  Resposta: e

• "fate of countries is not decided by a small

  group of nations, as it is today". In other words, at the present moment, therefore is correct that it has been making most decisions.

Questão 9622

• Banca: ESAF
• Órgão: MRE
• Ano: 2002
• Provas: ESAF - 2002 - MRE - Assistente de Chancelaria
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension; Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Read the text below in order to answer questions 26
to 30:

Anthony Harrington, American Ambassador in
Brazil
From 1999 through 2001

"Because I departed my post less than a year
ago, the changes have been neither entirely
monumental nor unforeseen. Most prominently
perhaps, Brazil has faced the effects of the severe
economic challenges of neighboring Argentina,
together with an international slow-down. Two
things stand out in this regard: first, Brazil is
weathering the storm better than most observers
anticipated, primarily because Brazil, under
President Cardoso, has already implemented
much of the key reform with which others are
struggling. Secondly, Brazil is uniquely positioned
and well-disposed to play a constructive role in
helping its neighbor through this storm.
Otherwise, I am pleased that Presidents Bush
and Cardoso are off to a positive start in their
relationship, beginning with an early visit in
Washington before I left Brasilia and another good
meeting recently".

According to the text, Presidents Bush and Cardoso

• A. might have met.
• B. have already met.
• C. must have met.
• D. could have met.
• E. should have met.

Gabarito: B

Comentários

• I am pleased that Presidents Bush and Cardoso ... beginning with an early VISIT IN WASHINGTON before I left Brasilia...
• The right answer is "have already met."Usamos o "Present Perfect"(have/has+past participle) para expressar uma ação que ocorreu no passado, mas que não mencionamos o tempo, ou seja, o que aconteceu foi mais importante do que quando aconteceu.Ex:I've been to America. I have been to the National Gallery in London. Has she tasted that dish?Podemos também usar o "present perfect" para expressar uma ação que começou no passado e que continua até o presente momento.Usamos palavras que indicam a duração da ação, o momento que começou.... como: since, for, ever, already, yet, just...Ex.I have been here for hours. They have had that car since they got married.

• have already met

• beginning with an early visit in Washington before I left Brasilia and another good meeting recently".

  Fortis Fortuna Adiuvat

Questão 17737

• Banca: CESGRANRIO
• Órgão: BNDES
• Ano: 2008
• Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2008 - BNDES - Profissional Básico - Administração; CESGRANRIO - 2008 - BNDES - Profissional Básico - Análise de Sistemas - Desenvolvimento; CESGRANRIO - 2008 - BNDES - Profissional Básico - Análise de Sistemas - Suporte - Janeiro; CESGRANRIO - 2008 - BNDES - Profissional Básico - Arquitetura - Janeiro; CESGRANRIO - 2008 - BNDES - Profissional Básico - Ciências Contábeis; CESGRANRIO - 2008 - BNDES - Profissional Básico - Comunicação Social; CESGRANRIO - 2008 - BNDES - Profissional Básico - Economia
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension; Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

          Green is the hot topic these days, and the concept
     is having an impact on the way people think about
     datacenters. Companies around the world are
     announcing ways to save energy and reduce costs by
5   buying new hardware and services. Yet, there is little
     guidance on how you can take action to control energy
     costs. In the past, electricity has been treated as an
     overhead expense, like the cost of space. But with rising
     power costs and issues regarding reliability, supply, and
10  capacity, electricity requires its own specific strategy.
          Projects regarding performance optimization and
     cost reduction are a part of everyday best practices in
     nearly every area of business. So why not treat energy
     cost in the same way?
15      As Information Technologies (IT) pros, many of us
     make decisions about the configuration and setup of
     servers, the specifications on the equipment our
     organizations purchase, and the requirements for
     datacenter upgrades and construction. We even provide
20  early design input during application development. When
     it comes to these projects, we obviously have a golden
     opportunity to be green and influence the energy
     efficiency of any datacenter.
          The first part of any strategy is to know your current
25  energy usage. You need to know where your energy is
     used and by what specific equipment, as well as what
     usage is efficient and what is wasteful in the datacenter.
     Unfortunately, it's rare to find power-consumption
     metering in place that can break down usage to a level
30  where people can see the results of their actions. Most
     organizations typically only see a monthly power bill
     that rolls up consumption into an overall bottom line.
     This offers little incentive for saving energy since
     individuals never see the impact of their decisions, and
35  there is no way for them to prove that their changes
     have actually saved energy.
          One of the first issues people confront when
     considering a green datacenter initiative is whether they
     have executive support. For the purpose of the article, I
40  am going to assume the answer is "not yet." Executive
     support requires a serious commitment that provides
     resources and budget for your initiative. And while there
     is a lot of talk about green datacenters, the reality is
     that there is still often a lack of serious support at the
45  executive level. If you did already have such executive
     support, you would probably be running a green
     datacenter right now.
          Still, even assuming you are not getting the support
     you need, there is a great deal you can do to push your
50  green datacenter initiative forward. So how do you
     determine effective actions to take in achieving your
     goals? Fortunately, energy efficiency is not a new
     concept and there is a lot that IT pros can learn from
     other industries. [.]
55      Anyway, for whichever direction you choose,
     planning an energy efficiency program for your datacenter
     will require collaboration across groups in IT. Until
     recently, the typical approach to planning IT solutions
     has been to ignore power costs early on during the design
60  phase, focusing on the hardware and software being
     purchased, along with the labor and hosting costs of
     the solution. When power is buried in the overhead cost
     of running solutions in a datacenter, energy efficiency
     is a low priority. Exposing the actual power being
65  consumed by solutions is the first critical step in changing
     the behavior of your organization.

By Dave Ohara
TechNet Magazine, October 2007

The sentence in which "can" is used in the same sense as in "there is a great deal you can do to push your green datacenter initiative forward." (lines 49-50) is:

• A. The employees will ask the manager if they can give their opinion on the issue.
• B. You can read my final report on energy consumption if you want to.
• C. Stockholders can hardly wait to read the company's balance sheet.
• D. Can you tell me how many laptops the company has?
• E. I don't think you can find a solution for this problem.

Gabarito: E

Comentários

• e) I don't think you can find a solution for this problem.
• A sentença em que "can" é usado no mesmo sentido que em "há um grande negócio que você pode fazer para empurrar a sua iniciativa verde do centro de dados para a frente." (linhas 49-50) é:
  A) Os funcionários vão pedir ao gerente se eles podem dar o seu parecer sobre a questão.
  B) Você pode ler o meu relatório final sobre o consumo de energia, se você quiser.
  C) Os acionistas mal podem esperar para ler o balanço da empresa.
  D) Você pode me dizer quantos laptops a empresa tem?
  E) Eu não acho que você possa encontrar uma solução para este problema.
  Na alternativa A "can"está sendo usado como permissão. Na alternativa B, como permissão. Na Alternativa C, ele é usado na expressão "can't wait" que significa "estar ansioso".
  A alternativa D não tem o mesmo sentido por ser uma interrogativa. A alternativa E está sendo usada como habilidade e possibilidade, assim como a sentença do enunciado. Portanto é a correta.

• a) permission

  b) permission

  c) idiomatic usage

  d) request

  e) ability or skill to perform a task

• ERRADO

• GAB: LETRA E

  Complementando!

  Fonte: Karla Branco

  O verbo modal can (not) pode ser usado quando se deseja expressar: 

  • Permissão: You cannot ask for your money back before the agreed date.
  • Habilidade ou oportunidade de fazer algo: Don't worry yourself about me. I can take care of myself.  
  • Possibilidade: ...the statue which can still be seen in the British Museum.

  Observe o trecho do texto: 

  • […] there is a great deal you can do to push your green datacenter initiative forward. (l. 49-50)
  • “há muita coisa que você pode fazer para levar adiante sua iniciativa de datacenter sustentável.”

  Nesse caso, o autor refere-se à capacidade ou oportunidade de avançar em um determinado propósito. Assim, é preciso localizar a alternativa que apresenta esse mesmo sentido do verbo modal can.

  Referência para os comentários da questão: Collins Dictionary.

  ===

  A - The employees will ask the manager if they can give their opinion on the issue.

  • ERRADO.
  • The employees will ask the manager if they can give their opinion on the issue. (“Os funcionários perguntarão ao gerente se eles podem expor sua opinião sobre o assunto.”)
  • Nesse caso, o modal can é usado para expressar permissão, ou seja, os funcionários desejam opinar, mas precisam ter autorização para isso.
  • Logo, o sentido de can NÃO é o mesmo do texto.  

  ===

  B - You can read my final report on energy consumption if you want to.

  • ERRADO.
  • You can read my final report on energy consumption if you want to. (“Você pode ler meu relatório final sobre o consume de energia, caso você queira,”)
  • Nesse caso, o modal can é usado para expressar permissão, ou seja, alguém autoriza que o seu relatório seja lido, caso a outra pessoa deseje fazê-lo.
  • Logo, o sentido de can NÃO é equivalente ao do texto.  

  ===

  C - Stockholders can hardly wait to read the company’s balance sheet.

  • ERRADO.
  • Stockholders can hardly wait to read the company's balance sheet. (“Os acionistas mal podem esperar para ler o balanço da empresa.”)
  • Nesse caso, o modal can é parte da expressão can hardly wait to, que indica ansiedade ou entusiasmo para fazer alguma coisa.  
  • Logo, o sentido de can NÃO é equivalente ao do texto.  

  ===

  D - Can you tell me how many laptops the company has?

  • ERRADO.
  • Can you tell me how many laptops the company has? (“Você pode me dizer quantos laptops a empresa possui?”)
  • Nesse caso, o modal can é usado para expressar possibilidade, ou seja, alguém pergunta se é possível que lhe seja indicada a quantidade de laptops da empresa.
  • Logo, o sentido de can NÃO é o mesmo do texto.  

  ===

  E - I don’t think you can find a solution for this problem.

  • CERTO.
  • I don't think you can find a solution for this problem. (“Eu não acredito que você seja capaz de encontrar uma solução para esse problema”)
  • Nesse caso, o modal can é usado para expressar habilidade, ou seja, alguém duvida da habilidade da outra pessoa em encontrar uma solução para um problema.
  • Logo, o verbo modal can indica habilidade e tem, portanto, o mesmo sentido do texto.

Questão 27736

• Banca: CESGRANRIO
• Órgão: Transpetro
• Ano: 2006
• Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2006 - Transpetro - Auxiliar Técnico de Informática
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension; Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

          What are the best energy sources? "Best" depends
     on many factors - how the energy is being used, where
     it is being used, what energy sources are available,
     which sources are most convenient and reliable, which
5   are easiest to use, what each costs, and the effects on
     public safety, health, and the environment. Making smart
     energy choices means understanding resources and their
     relative costs and benefits.
          Some energy sources have advantages for specific
10  uses or locations. For example, fuels from petroleum
     are well suited for transportation because they pack a
     lot of energy in a small space and are easily transported
     and stored. Small hydroelectric installations are a good
     solution for supplying power or mechanical energy close
15  to where it is used. Coal is widely used for power
     generation in many fast-developing countries - including
     China, India, and many others - because domestic
     supplies are readily available.
          Efficiency is an important factor in energy costs.
20  How efficiently can the energy be produced, delivered,
     and used? How much energy value is lost in that process,
     and how much ends up being transformed into useful
     work? Industries that produce or use energy continually
     look for ways to improve efficiency, since this is a key to
25  making their products more competitive.
          The ideal energy source - cheap, plentiful, and
     pollution-free - may prove unattainable in our lifetime,
     but that is the ultimate goal. The energy industry is
     continuing to improve its technologies and practices, to
30  produce and use energy more efficiently and cleanly.
          Energy resources are often categorized as
     renewable or nonrenewable.
          Renewable energy resources are those that can be
     replenished quickly - examples are solar power,
35  biomass, geothermal, hydroelectric, wind power, and
     fast-reaction nuclear power. They supply about seven
     percent of energy needs in the United States; the other
     93 percent comes from nonrenewables. The two largest
     categories of renewable energy now in use in the U.S.
40  are biomass - primarily wood wastes that are used by
     the forest products industry to generate electricity and
     heat - and hydroelectricity.
          Nonrenewable energy resources include coal, oil,
     natural gas, and uranium-235, which is used to fuel
45  slow-reaction nuclear power. Projections of how long a
     nonrenewable energy resource will last depend on many
     changeable factors. These include the growth rate of
     consumption, and estimates of how much of the remaining
     resources can be economically recovered. New exploration
50  and production technologies often increase the ability of
     producers to locate and recover resources. World
     reserves of fossil energy are projected to last for many
     more decades - and, in the case of coal, for centuries.

In: http://www.classroom-energy.org/teachers/energy_tour/pg5.html

According to Paragraph 4, the "ideal energy source":

• A. will certainly never be found.
• B. will be available sooner than we expect.
• C. must be immediately supplied.
• D. should be abundant, clean and inexpensive.
• E. can already be produced by advanced technologies.

Gabarito: D

Comentários

• Ela deve ser "cheap, plentiful, and pollution-free"

• Should be abundant, clean and inexpensive = Deve ser abundante, limpa e barata.
  

• d-

  Paráfrase de cheap, plentiful, and  pollution-free

Questão 28264

• Banca: CESGRANRIO
• Órgão: REFAP SA
• Ano: 2007
• Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2007 - REFAP SA - Programador de computador
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Good Stuff? - A Consumption Manifesto:
The Top Ten Principles of Good Consumption
Consumption is one of life's great pleasures. Buying
things we desire, traveling to beautiful places, eating
delectable food: icing on the cake of life. But too often the
effects of our blissful consumption make for a sad story.
Giant cars exhaling dangerous exhaust, hog farms pumping
out harmful pollutants, toxic trash pestering poor
neighborhoods - none of this if there weren't something
to sell.
But there's no need to trade pleasure for guilt. With
thoughtfulness and commitment, consumption can be a force
for good. Through buying what we need, produced the way
we want, we can create the world we'd like to live in.
To that end and for the future, a Consumption Manifesto:
Principle One. Reduce, Reuse, Recycle. This brilliant triad
says it all. Reduce: Avoid buying what you don't need-
and when you do get that dishwasher/lawnmower/toilet,
spend the money up front for an efficient model. Re-use:
Buy used stuff, and wring the last drop of usefulness out of
most everything you own. Recycle: Do it, but know that
it's the last and least effective leg of the triad. (Ultimately,
recycling simply results in the manufacture of more things.)
Principle Two. Stay close to home. Work close to home
to shorten your commute; eat food grown nearby; support
local businesses; join local organizations. All of these will
improve the look, shape, smell, and feel of your community.
Principle Three. Internal combustion engines are polluting,
and their use should be minimized. Period.
Principle Four. Watch what you eat. Whenever possible,
avoid food grown with pesticides, in feedlots, or by
agribusiness. It's an easy way to use your dollars to vote
against the spread of toxins in our bodies, land, and water.
Principle Five. Private industries have very little incentive
to improve their environmental practices. Our consumption
choices must encourage and support good behavior; our
political choices must support government regulation.
Principle Six. Support thoughtful innovations in
manufacturing and production. Hint: Drilling for oil is no
longer an innovation.
Principle Seven. Prioritize. Think hardest when buying
large objects; don't drive yourself mad fretting over the small
ones. It's easy to be distracted by the paper bag puzzle,
but an energy-sucking refrigerator is much more worthy of
your attention. (Small electronics are an exception.)
Principle Eight. Vote. Political engagement enables the
spread of environmentally conscious policies. Without
public action, thoughtful individuals are swimming
upstream.
Principle Nine. Don't feel guilty. It only makes you sad.
Principle Ten. Enjoy what you have-the things that are
yours alone, and the things that belong to none of us. Both
are nice, but the latter are precious. Those things that we
cannot manufacture and should never own-water, air, birds,
trees-are the foundation of life's pleasures. Without them,
we're nothing. With us, there may be nothing left. It's our
choice.
Umbra Fisk, Grist Magazine.
Slightly adapted from: http://www.worldwatch.org/node/1470
Access on June 1, 2007.

In "we can create the world we'd like to live in." (line 12), "can" is correctly substituted by:

• A. must.
• B. may.
• C. should.
• D. need to.
• E. ought to.

Gabarito: B

Comentários

• como assim???? "can" pode ser corretamente substituído por "may" ???

• Fiquei confusa! 

• b-

  It's possible to use 'may' to replace 'can' as the latter is being used in a possibility sense e.g.: it can/may rain sometimes. It can/may become hard if one doesn't know what he's doing. Had 'can' been used to indicate capacity to do something e.g.: he can swim/drive/cook etc, the substitution wouldn't have been possible

• Pior que esses professores do qc nem aparecem para comentar!!!!!!

• A questão cobra o conhecimento dos verbos modais. A principal característica dos modal verbs é acompanhar o verbo principal de uma frase, indicando uma possibilidade, permissão, habilidade/capacidade, necessidade, obrigação, proibição.

  São exemplos de verbos modais:

  Can = expressa permissão, capacidade, habilidade e possibilidade

  Could = expressa permissão, habilidade e possibilidade

  May = expressa pedido, possibilidade, permissão

  Might = Passado de “may”, por isso carrega o mesmo significado de possibilidade, mas, por ser passado, trazendo o sentido de menos probabilidade.

  Should = expressa conselho, recomendação, sugestão

  Must = expressa obrigação, proibição ou dedução

  Ought to = expressa conselho

  Used to = Ideia de costume/hábito

  Would = expressa pedido, desejo

  Need to = Necessidade

  Vamos ao enunciado:

  Em "podemos criar o mundo em que gostaríamos de viver." (linha 12), "pode" é substituído corretamente por:

  A resposta correta é "may", pois no caso da frase do enunciado o "can" está sendo usado no sentido de possibilidade, sentido que também pode ser expresso por "may". Todas as outras alternativas não poder ser usadas com esse mesmo sentido.

  Se o "can" estivesse expressando habilidade, como por exemplo em She can play soccer ( Ela sabe jogar futebol) a substituição por "may" não seria possível.

  Gabarito: B

Questão 28534

• Banca: CESGRANRIO
• Órgão: DECEA
• Ano: 2006
• Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2006 - DECEA - Técnico de Defesa Aérea e Controle de Tráfego Aéreo - Análise de Sistemas
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

          Repliee is more than a humanoid robot ? it is an
     honest-to-goodness android, so lifelike that it seems like
     a real person. It has moist lips, glossy hair and vivid
     eyes that blink slowly. Seated on a stool with hands
 5    folded primly on its lap at the 2005 World Exposition in
     Japan's Aichi prefecture, it wore a bright pink blazer and
     gray slacks. For a mesmerizing few seconds from several
     meters away, Repliee was virtually indistinguishable from
     an ordinary woman in her 30s. In fact, it was a copy of
 10    one.
          Japan is proud of the most advanced humanoids in
     the world, which are expected to eventually be used as
     the workforce diminishes among the decreasing and aging
     population. But why build a robot with pigmented silicone
 15    skin, smooth gestures and even makeup? To Repliee's
     creator, Hiroshi Ishiguro, Director of Osaka University's
     Intelligent Robotics Laboratory, the answer is simple:
     "Android science."
          Besides the justification for making robots
 20    anthropomorphic and bipedal so they can work in human
     environments with architectural features such as stairs,
     Ishiguro believes that people respond better to very
     humanlike automatons. Androids can thus elicit the most
     natural communication. "Appearance is very important
 25    to have better interpersonal relationships with a robot,"
     says the 42-year-old Ishiguro. "Robots are information
     media, especially humanoid robots. Their main role in
     our future is to interact naturally with people."
          Mild colorblindness forced Ishiguro to abandon his
 30    aspirations of a career as an oil painter. Drawn to
     computer and robot vision instead, he built a guide robot
     for the blind as an undergraduate at the University of
     Yamanashi. A fan of the android character Data from the
     Star Trek franchise, he sees robots as the ideal vehicle
 35    to understand more about ourselves.
          To imitate human looks and behavior successfully,
     Ishiguro combines robotics with cognitive science. In turn,
     cognitive science research can use the robot to study
     human perception, communication and other faculties.
 40    This novel cross-fertilization is what Ishiguro describes
     as android science. In a 2005 paper, he and his
     collaborators explained it thus: "To make the android
     humanlike, we must investigate human activity from the
     standpoint of cognitive science, behavioral science and
 45    neuroscience, and to evaluate human activity, we need
     to implement processes that support it in the android."
          One key strategy in Ishiguro's approach is to model
     his artificial creations on real people. He began research
     four years ago with his then four-year-old daughter,
 50    casting a rudimentary android from her body, but its
     mechanisms resulted in strange, unnatural motion.
          Humanlike robots run the risk of compromising
     people's comfort zones. Because the android's
     appearance is very similar to that of a human, any subtle
 55    differences in motion and responses will make it seem
     strange. Repliee, though, is so lifelike that it has
     overcome the creepiness factor, partly because of the
     natural way it moves.
          Ishiguro wants his next android, a male, to be as
 60    authentic as possible. The model? Himself. The scientist
     thinks having a robot clone could ease his busy schedule:
     he could dispatch it to classes and meetings and then
     teleconference through it. "My question has always been,
     Why are we living, and what is human?" he says. An
 65    Ishiguro made of circuitry and silicone might soon be
     answering his own questions.

adapted from www.scientificamerican.com - May 2006

In "An Ishiguro made of circuitry and silicone might soon be answering his own questions." (lines 64-66), "might" can be correctly substituted by:

• A. must.
• B. shall.
• C. could.
• D. had to.
• E. ought to.

Gabarito: C

Comentários

• c-

  MIght, as a modal verb, may be used in 4 different contexts: possibility, conditional, suggestion and request. The highlighted usage indicates future possibility, which can also use may or could. 

  Might é um modal verb que expressa possibilidade futura. A 1° opção d substiuição do might é "may". Porque não há "may", vamos analisar as outras possibilidades:

   a) must indica obrigação (geralmenete mais forte que have to). Não adequado.

   b)shall é should no futuro, o qual indica sugestão ou uma forma alternativa de will. Não adequado.

   c)could equivale a 'might' e 'may' quando usado em possibilidade futura. Embora "could" seja ensinado como passado de 'can', devemos lembrar que modal verbs não devem ser traduzidos por não haver equivalentes no português brasileiro. Logo, não é sempre que could implica tempo passado; pode estar no modo subjuntivo também. 

   d)had to. - o período indica possibilidade futura; não ha como usar um tempo no passado.

   e)ought to também é usado para obrigações com prioridades, não sendo válido no contexto

• A questão cobra o conhecimento dos verbos modais. A principal característica dos modal verbs é acompanhar o verbo principal de uma frase, indicando uma possibilidade, permissão, habilidade/capacidade, necessidade, obrigação, proibição.

  São exemplos de verbos modais:

  Can = expressa permissão, capacidade, habilidade e possibilidade

  Could = expressa permissão, habilidade e possibilidade

  May = expressa pedido, possibilidade, permissão

  Might = Passado de “may”, por isso carrega o mesmo significado de possibilidade, mas, por ser passado, trazendo o sentido de menor probabilidade.

  Should = expressa conselho, recomendação, sugestão

  Must = expressa obrigação, proibição ou dedução

  Ought to = expressa conselho

  Used to = Ideia de costume/hábito

  Would = expressa pedido, desejo

  Segue tradução do enunciado:

  Em "Um Ishiguro feito de circuitos e silicone pode (might) em breve estar respondendo às suas próprias perguntas." (linhas 64-66), "might" pode ser substituído corretamente por:

  O might na frase tem o sentido de possibilidade

  A) Incorreta - must. Expressa obrigação, proibição ou dedução, por isso não seria adequado.

  B) Incorreta - shall - Mesmo sentido de should que é o de conselho, recomendação e sugestão, por isso não caberia.

  C) Correta - could - Pode expressar possibilidade

  D) Incorreta - had to. O verbo have expressa obrigação, necessidade, proibição

  E) Incorreta - ought to - Expressa conselho

  Gabarito: C

Questão 129934

• Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE
• Órgão: SERPRO
• Ano: 2008
• Provas: CESPE - 2008 - SERPRO - Analista - Desenvolvimento de Sistemas; CESPE - 2008 - SERPRO - Analista - Redes
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Sinônimos | Synonyms; Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

One frequently overlooked area in planning is technical
reviews and inspections. A technical review requires substantial
preparation on the part of the presenters. Documents must be
published and distributed and presentation material organized and
made into slides or overheads. Practice sessions are conducted by
presenters with an audience of critics to prepare for the review.
The reviewers should read the material, attend the
presentations, and write reports. On large projects with many
reviews and walk-throughs involving many participants, a
substantial number of labor hours can be consumed analyzing
documents, attending meetings, and writing reports. For example,
a system design review for one module or unit can require 150
labor hours. When overlooked, this labor can result in a very
large error in resource and schedule estimation.
Many projects include risk assessment and risk
management as a key part of the planning process and expect the
plan to identify specific risk areas. The plan is expected to
quantify both probability of failure and consequences of failure
and to describe what will be done to contain development risk.

A. Behforooz and F. Hudson. Software engineering
fundamentals. Ed. Oxford (adapted).

Based on the text above, judge the following items.

At the beginning of the second paragraph, "should" can be correctly replaced by ought to.

• C. Certo
• E. Errado

Gabarito: C

Comentários

• De certa forma podemos dizer que "ought to" é a mesma coisa que "should". Vejamos alguns exemplos:

  • She ought to buy some new clothes. (= She should buy…)
  • Do you think I ought to apply for that job? (= I should apply…)
  • He ought to be here by now. (= He should be…)
  • You really ought to quit smoking. (= You really should quit…)
• Vejam: http://www.englishexperts.com.br/forum/should-x-ought-to-regras-de-uso-t2986.html

• c-

   

  é um padrao comum dos cursos ensinar que should e ought to podem ser usados de modo indiscriminado. EM alguns casos, nao ha perda de sentido, mas nem sempre é isso.

   

  ought to & should nao sao equivalentes. ought to envolve mais obrigação do que should. Na hierarquia dos modal verbs:

  must > have to > ought to > should > might

Questão 229981

• Banca: FUNCAB
• Órgão: PRODAM-AM
• Ano: 2010
• Provas: FUNCAB - 2010 - PRODAM-AM - Analista de redes e comunicação de dados; FUNCAB - 2010 - PRODAM-AM - Analista de Tecnologia da Informação - Banco de Dados; FUNCAB - 2010 - PRODAM-AM - Analista de TI - Analista de Telecomunicações; FUNCAB - 2010 - PRODAM-AM - Analista de TI - Desenvolvimento de Sistemas
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension; Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

IMPORTANT SAFEGUARDS

For your protection, please read these safety
instructions completely before operating the appliance, and
keep this manual for future reference.

Carefully observe all warnings, precautions and
instructions on the appliance, or the one described in the
operating instructions and adhere to them.

POWER SOURCES - This set should be operated
only from the type of power source indicated on the marking
label. If you are not sure of the type of electrical power supplied
to your home, consult your dealer or local power company. For
those sets designed to operate from battery power, or other
sources, refer to the operating instructions.

OBJECTAND LIQUID ENTRY - Never push objects
of any kind into the set through openings as they may touch
dangerous voltage points or short out parts that could result in
a fire or electric shock. Never spill liquid of any kind on the set.

ATTACHMENTS - Do not use attachments not
recommended by the manufacturer, as they may cause
hazards.

CLEANING - Unplug the set from the wall outlet
before cleaning or polishing it. Do not use liquid cleaners or
aerosol cleaners. Use a cloth lightly dampened with water for
cleaning the exterior of the set.

OVERLOADING - Do not overload wall outlets,
extension cords or convenience receptacles beyond their
capacity, since this can result in fire or electric shock.

ACCESSORIES - Do not place the set on an
unstable cart, stand, tripod, bracket, or table. The set may
fall, causing serious injury to a child or an adult, and serious
damage to the set. Use only a cart stand tripod, bracket, or
table recommended by the manufacturer.

WATER AND MOISTURE - Do not use power-line
operated sets near water - for example, near a bathtub,
washbowl, kitchen sink, or laundry tub, in a wet basement, or
near a swimming pool, etc.

SERVICING - Do not attempt to service the set
yourself as opening or removing covers may expose you to
dangerous voltage or other hazards. Refer all servicing to
qualified service personnel.

SAFETY CHECK - Upon completion of any service
or repairs to the set, as the service technician to perform
routine safety checks (as specified by the manufacturer) to
determine that the set is in safe operating condition.

(Adapted from SONY manual - Sony Corporation - 2000 - Printed in Japan).

According to the manual, the user should observe all warnings, precautions and instructions carefully and adhere to them. (paragraph 2 ) This means that the user:

• A. should read the warnings, the precautions and the instructions attentively and follow them.
• B. should get in touch with the dealer or local power company if he/she has any doubts about the product.
• C. ought to read the safety instructions completely to find out if the appliance is in safe operating condition.
• D. is supposed to read the labels attentively in order to understand how the set works and be able to repair it, if necessary.
• E. ought to pay attention to the warnings, precautions and instructions provided in the manual and complain to the company if he/she does not understand the safeguards.

Gabarito: A

Comentários

• Letra A

  should read the warnings, the precautions and the instructions attentively and follow them.
  

  Deve ler os avisos, as precauções e as instruções atentamente e segui-los.

• a-

  the user is supposed to read the accompanying instructions and follow them to ensure righteous handling of the purported appliance.

Questão 230008

• Banca: FUNCAB
• Órgão: PRODAM-AM
• Ano: 2010
• Provas: FUNCAB - 2010 - PRODAM-AM - Analista de redes e comunicação de dados; FUNCAB - 2010 - PRODAM-AM - Analista de Tecnologia da Informação - Banco de Dados; FUNCAB - 2010 - PRODAM-AM - Analista de TI - Analista de Telecomunicações; FUNCAB - 2010 - PRODAM-AM - Analista de TI - Desenvolvimento de Sistemas
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension; Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

IMPORTANT NOTICE

CAUTION
PROPERHANDLINGOFTHE FINECARTRIDGES
Handle the FINE Cartridges of this product properly, observing
the cautions noted below. Improper handling causes
malfunction or other problems in the product, as well as
damage to the FINE Cartridges.
Note:

1) When you install the FINE cartridges in the product, insert
the FINE Cartridges into the FINE Cartridge Holder
carefully not to knock them against the sides of the holder.
Also be sure to install them in a well-lit environment.
For details, refer to your setup sheet.

2) Do not attempt to disassemble or modify the FINE
cartridges.

3) Do not handle the FINE Cartridges roughly such as
applying them excessive pressure or dropping them.

4) Do not rinse or wipe the FINE Cartridges.

5) Once you have installed the FINE Cartridges, do not
remove them unnecessarily.

(Taken from Canon Inc. 2008 - Printed in Vietnam)

Choose the only correct statement, according to the text.

• A. The user should handle the cartridges roughly and carelessly.
• B. The user ought t to try to take the cartridge apart in order to repair it.
• C. The user should wash and clean the cartridges whenever necessary.
• D. The user can install and remove the cartridges every time it is necessary.
• E. The user may press and drop the cartridges in order to avoid problems in the product.

Gabarito: D

Comentários

• Qual parte do texto justifica a D?

• a) Do not handle the FINE Cartridges roughly such as applying them excessive pressure or dropping them.

  b) Do not attempt to disassemble or modify the FINE cartridges.

  c) Do not rinse or wipe the FINE Cartridges.

  d) ok

  e) Do not handle the FINE Cartridges roughly such as applying them excessive pressure or dropping them.

Questão 263248

• Banca: COPEVE-UFAL
• Órgão: UFAL
• Ano: 2011
• Provas: COPEVE-UFAL - 2011 - UFAL - Analista de Tecnologia da Informação; COPEVE-UFAL - 2011 - UFAL - Secretário Executivo
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Escolha a única opção que apresenta uma oração com um verbo modal. As orações foram retiradas do texto acima.

• A. “You can mask your IP using a proxy server because you first connect to the proxy server”.
• B. “The best kind of proxy is called an elite proxy”.
• C. “If you are wondering how to hide my ip address online”.
• D. “Simply connect to your Proxy and then load up these IP checking websites”.
• E. “To hide your IP address online, a proxy is the best choice.”

Gabarito: X

Questão 292918

• Banca: FGV
• Órgão: Senado Federal
• Ano: 2008
• Provas: FGV - 2008 - Senado Federal - Operador de TV; FGV - 2008 - Senado Federal - Produtor de Desenvolvimento de Conteúdos Jornalísticos para Internet; FGV - 2008 - Senado Federal - Produtor de Infografia Jornalística
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Read text I and answer questions 31 to 36.

TEXT I

Beware the power of the blog

Companies may not like blogs, but if they ignore them
they may be inviting some PR disasters


The number of blogs on the internet is doubling every five
months, according to blog-tracking site Technorati. The total is
now around 20 million, with around 1.3 million posts made each
day. Most are no more interesting than overhearing another
person's telephone call, but there are exceptions that can have a
remarkable impact.



(from http://www.computing.co.uk/itweek/comment/ 2145491/beware-power-blog, retrieved on September 24th, 2008)

The underlined verb in “Companies may not like blogs” indicates

• A. prohibition.
• B. permission.
• C. prediction.
• D. possibility.
• E. persistence.

Gabarito: D

Comentários

• May e May not querem dizer, respectivamente, Pode(m) e Pode(m) não.
  Se trata de uma possibilidade, may é muito utilizado para pedir permissão, mas esta questão não é um caso.
  
  Resposta certa> D)
• May
  - é um modal verb, ou seja, é um tipo especial de verbo auxiliar que é usado junto com um verbo principal, alterando-lhe ou completando-lhe o sentido.
  - nunca é flexionado.
  - não forma gerúndio (-ing) ou passado(-ed)
  - sua forma negativa é may not[não há forma contraída] 
  
  Pode ter os seguintes sentidos :
  - Permission: May I use your umbrella?
  - Possibility: You may be right.
  - To express a wish: May all your dreams come true!
  
  Na questão temos : 'Companies may not like blogs', ['As companhias podem não gostar de blogues...'], ou seja,  uma possibilidade.
  a) prohibition. [proibição]
  b) permission.[permissão]
  c) prediction.[previsão]
  d) possibility.[possibilidade]  --> CORRETA!
  e) persistence [persistência]

• O may tem essas duas possibilidades de permissão e a de possibilidade. Todavia, normalmente é usado como permissão. A baca usou como pegadinha para quem lê a questão apressadamente e sem atenção como foi o meu caso infelizmente :(

Questão 338719

• Banca: COSEAC
• Órgão: DATAPREV
• Ano: 2009
• Provas: COSEAC - 2009 - DATAPREV - Analista de Tecnologia da Informação - Ambiente Operacional; COSEAC - 2009 - DATAPREV - Analista de Tecnologia da Informação - Análise de Informações; COSEAC - 2009 - DATAPREV - Analista de Tecnologia da Informação - Banco de Dados; COSEAC - 2009 - DATAPREV - Analista de Tecnologia da Informação - Desenvolvimento de Sistemas
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

GadgetDesigners Push the Limits of Size, Safety
By Brian X. Chen, August 28, 2008

Just as small, fast-moving mammals replaced lumbering
dinosaurs, pocketable gadgets are evolving to fill niches that
larger, deskbound computers can't reach. But as they shrink,
these gadgets are faced with problems mammals face, too,
such as efficiently dissipating heat.

The recent example of Apple's first-generation iPod nanos
causing fires in Japan raises the question of whether
increasingly innovative product designs are impinging on
safety. The nano incident illustrates how risk can increase as
devices decrease in size, says Roger Kay, an analyst at
EndpointTechnologies.

"As [gadgets] get smaller, the tradeoffs become more difficult,
the balance becomes more critical and there's less room for
error," Kay said. "I'm not surprised it's happening to the nano
because that's the small one. You're asking it to do a lot in a
very, very small package and that's pushing the envelope.”

There's no question that industrial designers' jobs have
become much more difficult as the industry demands ever
more powerful and smaller gadgets. With paper-thin
subnotebooks, ultrasmall MP3 players, and pinkie finger-
sized Bluetooth headsets becoming increasingly popular, it's
questionable where exactly designers draw the line between
innovation and safety.

If this scientific breakthrough is reliable, after years testing it, it _____ lead to the cure of this type of cancer in the future.

• A. must;
• B. should;
• C. might;
• D. ought to;
• E. could.

Gabarito: C

Comentários

•  c)might;

  Might é o modal verb usado para possibilidades. Se a descoberta for feita, então a ação descrita na oração subordinada acontecerá. Might é usado quando houver subjetividade (nao-certeza) na oração.

  MIght isthe modal verb of choice when one is not certain whether something will take place. Often it means that an event hinges on some requirement being fulfilled according to specifications in the dependent clause.

• Por que não (E) Could?

Questão 338896

• Banca: COSEAC
• Órgão: DATAPREV
• Ano: 2009
• Provas: COSEAC - 2009 - DATAPREV - Analista de Tecnologia da Informação - Análise de Produção; COSEAC - 2009 - DATAPREV - Analista de Tecnologia da Informação - Redes
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Preposições | Prepositions; Presente perfeito | Present perfect; Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Microsoft to Offer Free Virus Protection Software for
Windows
By ScottGilbertsonNovember 19, 2008

Microsoft plans to offer Windows users a new antivirus
package designed to protect the OS from viruses, spyware,
rootkits and trojans. The new software is tentatively code-
named Morro, and will be available for free to Windows XP,
Vista and 7 users sometime in the second half of 2009.
The new software will reportedly use very minimal resources,
which means it should work well with older PCs. If fact,
Microsoft says Morro has been specially designed for older
PCs and low-spec machines popular in developing nations. In
addition to its minimal processor demands, Morro has been
developed to use very little bandwidth,making it ideal for those
without broadband connections.
Morro will replace Microsoft's current, paid service, Windows
Live OneCare, which has been available on a subscription
basis for $50 per year.
While a free, antivirus solution that ships withWindows would
be a boon for the average user, it could also mean trouble for
third-party software solutions. Given that a bundled solution
could raise antitrust concerns -and would no doubt see
competitors likeMcAfee and Grisoft reaching for the lawyers-
Microsoftwill be offeringMorro as a separate download.
Assuming Morro can deliver decent security it should be a
welcome free addition to Windows, but we don't suggest
throwing away your third-party software just yet. Antivirus
software suites will likely continue to hold an edge over Morro
by offering additional handy tools - like passwordmanagers,
identity theft protection and browser-based phishing
protection.
Still, if you've been runningWindowswith no antivirus software
at all,Morrowill no doubt be better than nothing, and it's hard to
arguewith free.

You ___ not believe that these possibilties are real, they're based ___ experiments that ___proved until now.

• A. should / in / haven't been;
• B. must / on /won't be;
• C. should / on / haven't been;
• D. may / in /wouldn't be;
• E. Should / on /were not.

Gabarito: C

Comentários

• Para matar a questão basta analisar o último espaço, não é permitido que verbos moldais no passado se associem com palavras no passado, então deve-se usar o HAVE- alternativa C

• You should not believe that these possibilties (sic) are real, they're based on experiments that haven't been proved until now.

Questão 368050

• Banca: FCC
• Órgão: TCE-SP
• Ano: 2010
• Provas: FCC - 2010 - TCE-SP - Agente da Fiscalização Financeira - Informática - Produção e Banco de Dados; FCC - 2010 - TCE-SP - Agente da Fiscalização Financeira - Informática - Redes, Telecomunicações e Segurança; FCC - 2010 - TCE-SP - Agente da Fiscalização Financeira - Informática - Suporte de Web
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Is Windows 7 Worth It?
Harry McCracken, PC World
Monday, October 19, 2009 10:00 AM PDT

          Reading about a new operating system can tell you only  so much about it: After all, Windows Vista had far more features  than XP, [CONJUNCTION] fell far short of it in the eyes of many  users. To judge an OS accurately, you have to live with it. Over  the past ten months, I've spent a substantial percentage of my  computing life in Windows 7, starting with a preliminary version  and culminating in recent weeks with the final Release to  Manufacturing edition. I've run it on systems ranging from an  underpowered Asus EeePC 1000HE netbook to a potent HP  TouchSmart all-in-one. And I've used it to do real work, not lab  routines. Usually, I've run the OS in multiboot configurations with  Windows Vista and/or XP, so I've had a choice each time I turned the computer on: [MODAL] I opt for Windows 7 or an
older version of the OS? The call has been easy to make, because Win 7 is so pleasant to use.
          So why wouldn't you want to run this operating system?  Concern over its performance is one logical reason, especially  since early versions of Windows Vista managed to turn PCs that  ran XP with ease into lethargic underperformers. The PC World  Test Center's speed benchmarks on five test PCs showed  Windows 7 to be faster than Vista, but only by a little; I've found  it to be reasonably quick on every computer I've used it on - even the Asus netbook, once I upgraded it to 2GB of RAM. (Our  lab tried Win 7 on a Lenovo S10 netbook with 1GB of RAM and  found it to be a shade slower than XP; for details see "Windows 7 Performance Tests.").
           Here's a rule of thumb that errs on the side of caution: If  your PC's specs qualify it to run Vista, get Windows 7; if they  don't, avoid it. Microsoft's official hardware configuration  requirements for Windows 7 are nearly identical to those it  recommends for Windows Vista: a 1-GHz CPU, 1GB of RAM,
16GB of free disk space, and a DirectX 9-compatible graphics  device with a WDDM 1.0 or higher driver. That's for the 32-bit  version of Windows 7; the 64-bit version of the OS requires a  64-bit CPU, 2GB of RAM, and 20GB of disk space.
           Fear of incompatible hardware and software is another  understandable reason to be wary of Windows 7. One  unfortunate law of operating-system upgrades - which applies  equally to Macs and to Windows PCs - is that they will break  some systems and applications, especially at first.  
           Under the hood, Windows 7 isn't radically different from  Vista. That's a plus, since it should greatly reduce the volume of  difficulties relating to drivers and apps compared to Vista's  bumpy rollout. I have performed a half-dozen Windows 7  upgrades, and most of them went off without a hitch. The
gnarliest problem arose when I had to track down a graphics  driver for Dell's XPS M1330 laptop on my own - Windows 7  installed a generic VGA driver that couldn't run the Aero user  interface, and as a result failed to support new Windows 7  features such as thumbnail views in the Taskbar.
           The best way to reduce your odds of running into a  showstopping problem with Windows 7 is to bide your time.  When the new operating system arrives on October 22, sit back  and let the earliest adopters discover the worst snafus. Within a few weeks, Microsoft and other software and hardware   companies will have fixed most of them, and your chances of a  happy migration to Win 7 will be much higher. If you want to be really conservative, hold off on moving to Win 7 until you're  ready to buy a PC that's designed to run it well.
           Waiting a bit before making the leap makes sense;  waiting forever does not. Microsoft took far too long to come up  with a satisfactory replacement for Windows XP. But whether  you choose to install Windows 7 on your current systems or get  it on the next new PC you buy, you'll find that it's the  unassuming, thoroughly practical upgrade you've been waiting  for ? flaws and all.

                                                 (Adapted                    from  http://www.pcworld.com/article/172602/windows_7_revi...)

O verbo que preenche corretamente a lacuna [MODAL], no 1^o parágrafo, é

• A. May.
• B. Will.
• C. Must.
• D. Could.
• E. Should.

Gabarito: E

Comentários

• •  a) May. = posso? poder.
  •  b) Will. = vou? desejo, fazer
  •  c) Must. = devo? dever, obrigação
  •  d) Could. = posso? poder
  •  e) Should. = devo? possiblidade

• e-

  All modal verbs function as auxiliary verbs, which means that they only make sense when used in conjunction with a main verb. Identifying the main verb often makes it easier to gather the role that the modal verb has in determining the speaker's aim to his audience. 
  The modal verbs are; will, would, shall, should, can, could, may, might and must (ought and have to are ocassionally thought at some institutions). 

  'must' is often used for more personal opinions about what it is necessary to do, while 'should' is often used to give an opinion, to make a suggestion or express a preference or an idea.

Questão 445918

• Banca: COSEAC
• Órgão: DATAPREV
• Ano: 2009
• Provas: COSEAC - 2009 - DATAPREV - Analista de Tecnologia da Informação - Gestão de Pessoas
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Preposições | Prepositions; Presente perfeito progressivo | Present perfect continuous; Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Microsoft to Offer Free Virus Protection Software for
Windows
By Scott Gilbertson November 19, 2008

Microsoft plans to offer Windows users a new antivirus
package designed to protect the OS from viruses, spyware,
rootkits and trojans. The new software is tentatively code-
named Morro, and will be available for free to Windows XP,
Vista and 7 users sometime in the second half of 2009.
The new software will reportedly use very minimal resources,
which means it should work well with older PCs. If fact,
Microsoft says Morro has been specially designed for older
PCs and low-spec machines popular in developing nations. In
addition to its minimal processor demands, Morro has been
developed to use very little bandwidth,making it ideal for those
without broadband connections.
Morro will replace Microsoft's current, paid service, Windows
Live One Care, which has been available on a subscription
basis for $50 per year.
While a free, antivirus solution that ships with Windows would
be a boon for the average user, it could also mean trouble for
third-party software solutions. Given that a bundled solution
could raise antitrust concerns and would no doubt see
competitors like McAfee and Grisoft reaching for the lawyers
Microsoft will be offering Morro as a separate download.
Assuming Morro can deliver decent security it should be a
welcome free addition to Windows, but we don't suggest
throwing away your third-party software just yet. Antivirus
software suites will likely continue to hold an edge over Morro
by offering additional handy tools like password managers,
identity theft protection and browser-based phishing
protection.
Still, if you've been running Windows with no antivirus software
at all,Morrowill no doubt be better than nothing, and it's hard to
argue with free.

You ____ not believe that these possibilties are real, they're based ____ experiments that _____ proved until now.

• A. should / in / haven't been;
• B. must / on /won't be;
• C. should / on / haven't been;
• D. may / in /wouldn't be;
• E. Should / on /were not.

Gabarito: C

Questão 447640

• Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE
• Órgão: SERPRO
• Ano: 2008
• Provas: CESPE - 2008 - SERPRO - Analista - Biblioteconomia; CESPE - 2008 - SERPRO - Analista - Negócios em Tecnologia da Informação; CESPE - 2008 - SERPRO - Analista - Programação Visual; CESPE - 2008 - SERPRO - Analista - Suporte Técnico; CESPE - 2008 - SERPRO - Analista - Tecnologia da Informação
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

          One frequently overlooked area in planning is technical reviews and inspections. A technical review requires substantial preparation on the part of the presenters. Documents must be published and distributed and presentation material organized and made into slides or overheads. Practice sessions are conducted by presenters with an audience of critics to prepare for the review.
              The reviewers should read the material, attend the presentations, and write reports. On large projects with many reviews and walk-throughs involving many participants, a substantial number of labor hours can be consumed analyzing documents, attending meetings, and writing reports. For example, a system design review for one module or unit can require 150 labor hours. When overlooked, this labor can result in a very large error in resource and schedule estimation.
          Many projects include risk assessment and risk management as a key part of the planning process and expect the plan to identify specific risk areas. The plan is expected to quantify both probability of failure and consequences of failure and to describe what will be done to contain development risk.
                                 A. Behforooz and F. Hudson. Software engineering fundamentals. Ed. Oxford (adapted).

Based on the text above, judge the following items.

At the beginning of the second paragraph, “should” can be correctly replaced by ought to.

• C. Certo
• E. Errado

Gabarito: C

Comentários

• correct per the answer sheet, but it's highly debatable. Should goes with  passages with a hint of suggestion, bordering on subjective clues given by the speaker and as a way of pointing out the way something should be done, while "ought to" indicates that there's a stark compelling motive for the interlocutor to perform the action encased within the ought to clause. As far as the context in this passage is concerned, this assertive should be called out.
  
  gabarito correto- o cespe pegou a definição literal do www.dictionary.com ("should" e "ought to" significam dever, mas "ought to" é no sentido de obrigação incondicional) e viu que para definir should se usou "ought to" or "must" no sentido de "ter que fazer". O problema é que contextualmente está errado, já que ,consoante a estrutura semântica da passagem, o autor está dando uma sugestão aos "reviewers", ao invés de estar ditando regra a eles.
• correct per the answer sheet, but it's highly debatable. Should goes with  passages with a hint of suggestion, bordering on subjective clues given by the speaker and as a way of pointing out the way something should be done, while "ought to" indicates that there's a stark compelling motive for the interlocutor to perform the action encased within the ought to clause. As far as the context in this passage is concerned, this assertive should be called out.
  
  gabarito correto e pegadinha mal colada do cespe, que pegou a definição literal do www.dictionary.com ("should" e "ought to" significam dever, mas "ought to" é no sentido de obrigação incondicional) e viu que para definir should se usou "ought to" or "must" no sentido de "ter que fazer". O problema é que contextualmente está errado, já que ,consoante a estrutura semântica da passagem, o autor está dando uma sugestão aos "reviewers", ao invés de estar ditando regra a eles.

Questão 463912

• Banca: CESGRANRIO
• Órgão: Transpetro
• Ano: 2011
• Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2011 - Transpetro - Administrador Júnior; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - Transpetro - Analista de Sistemas Júnior; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - Transpetro - Contador Júnior - Auditoria Interna; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - Transpetro - Contador Júnior - Contábil; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - Transpetro - Economista Júnior; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - Transpetro - Engenheiro Júnior - Análise de Projetos de Inverstimentos; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - Transpetro - Engenheiro Júnior - Automação; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - Transpetro - Engenheiro Júnior - Elétrica; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - Transpetro - Engenheiro Júnior - Engenharia de Produção; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - Transpetro - Engenheiro Júnior - Geotécnica; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - Transpetro - Engenheiro Júnior - Mecânica; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - Transpetro - Engenheiro Júnior - Naval; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - Transpetro - Engenheiro Júnior - Processamento; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - Transpetro - Engenheiro Júnior - Segurança; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - Transpetro - Médico do trabalho; CESGRANRIO - 2
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Sinônimos | Synonyms; Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Model copes with chaos to deliver relief Computer program helps responders transport supplies in tough conditions
By Rachel Ehrenberg Science News, Web edition: Monday, February 21st, 2011
WASHINGTON — Getting blood or other perishable supplies to an area that’s been struck by an earthquake or hurricane isn’t as simple as asking what brown can do for you. But a new model quickly determines the best routes and means for delivering humanitarian aid, even in situations where bridges are out or airport tarmacs are clogged with planes.
The research, presented February 18 at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, could help get supplies to areas which have experienced natural disasters or help prepare for efficient distribution of vaccines when the flu hits.
Efficient supply chains have long been a goal of manufacturers, but transport in fragile networks — where supply, demand and delivery routes may be in extremely rapid flux — requires a different approach, said Anna Nagurney of the University of Massachusetts Amherst, who presented the new work. Rather than considering the shortest path from one place to another to maximize profit, her system aims for the cleanest path at minimum cost, while capturing factors such as the perishability of the product and the uncertainty of supply routes. ‘You don’t know where demand is, so it’s tricky,’ said Nagurney. ‘It’s a multicriteria decision-making problem.’
By calculating the total cost associated with each link in a network, accounting for congestion and incorporating penalties for time and products that are lost, the computer model calculates the best supply chain in situations where standard routes may be disrupted.
‘Mathematical tools are essential to develop formal means to predict, and to respond to, such critical perturbations,’ said Iain Couzin of Princeton University, who uses similar computational tools to study collective animal behavior. ‘This is particularly important where response must be rapid and effective, such as during disaster scenarios … or during epidemics or breaches of national security.
’ The work can be applied to immediate, pressing situations, such as getting blood, food or medication to a disaster site, or to longer-term problems such as determining the best locations for manufacturing flu vaccines. . Retrieved April 7th, 2011.

In “The work can be applied to immediate, pressing situations," (lines 41-42), the fragment “can be applied" is replaced, without change in meaning, by

• A. may be applied.
• B. has to be applied.
• C. ought to be applied.
• D. will definitely be applied.
• E. might occasionally be applied.

Gabarito: A

Comentários

• Em "O trabalho pode ser aplicado em situações  urgente e imediatas," (linhas 41-42), o fragmento "can be applied" é substituído, sem mudança de sentido, por
  
  “Can" e “May"
  “Can" – Habilidade mental ou física de fazer algo ou perguntar sobre a possibilidade de fazer algo.
  Por exemplo:
  “Can you play the violin?"
  (Você sabe tocar o violino?)
  
  “May" – Autorização ou permissão para fazer algo.
  Por exemplo:
  “May I please use your stapler?"
  (Eu posso usar o seu grampeador, por favor?)
  
  May - também pode ser usado para expressar possibilidades. 
  No contexto acima podemos substituir "may"pelo "can"
  Alternativa A está correta.
  
  
  A) Pode ser aplicado.                                                                                                                             B) tem que ser aplicado.                                                                                                                         C) deve ser aplicado.                                                                                                                             D) vai certamente ser aplicado.                                                                                                             E) pode ocasionalmente ser aplicado.
  
  

• a-

  Can & may sao equivalentes quando expressarem possibilidade. This can/may be done. Usos exclusivos do can: habilidade de executar algo. I can swim. Sei nadar. I can see the neighbour's garden from my porch. Usos exclusivos do may: permissao. You may open the window. May I close the door?

Questão 527371

• Banca: Exército
• Órgão: EsFCEx
• Ano: 2009
• Provas: EsFCEx - 2009 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Magistério Inglês
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

What is the speaker expressing with the given modal choice? “The trial should be over in a few weeks.”

• A. Advisability
• B. Possibility
• C. Prediction
• D. Necessity
• E. Permission

Gabarito: C

Questão 531706

• Banca: FESMIP-BA
• Órgão: MPE-BA
• Ano: 2011
• Provas: FESMIP-BA - 2011 - MPE-BA - Analista - Tecnologia; FESMIP-BA - 2011 - MPE-BA - Analista de Sistemas
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

                                                          Information Systems
Information Systems (IS) is concerned with the information that computer systems can provide to aid a company, non-profit or governmental organization in defining and achieving its goals. It is also concerned with the processes that an enterprise can implement and improve using information technology. IS professionals must understand both technical and organizational factors , 5 and must be able to help an organization determine how information and technology-enabled business processes can provide a foundation for superior organizational performance. They serve as a bridge between the technical and management communities within an organization. What information does the enterprise need? How is that information generated? Is it delivered to the people who need it? Is it presented to them in ways that permit them to use it readily? 10 Is the organization structured to be able to use technology effectively? Are the business processes of the organization well designed? Do they use the opportunities created by information technology fully? Does the organization use the communication and collaboration capabilities of information technologies appropriately? Is the organization capable of adapting quickly enough to changing external circumstances? These are the important issues that businesses rely on IS people to 15 address. A majority of IS programs are located in business schools; however, they may have different names such as management information systems, computer information systems, or business information systems. All IS degrees combine business and computing topics, but the emphasis between technical and organizational issues varies among programs. For example, 20 programs differ substantially in the amount of programming required. Traditionally, many graduates of IS programs have functioned in roles that are similar to the roles for which IT programs explicitly prepare their students. Information systems graduates continue to fill these roles, but the new programs in information technology offer an alternative path to these positions. INFORMATION Systems. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 03 jan. 2011. 

In the sentence “IS professionals must understand both technical and organizational factors" (linha 4), one can say that the modal verb

• A. expresses possibility.
• B. means permission.
• C. conveys ability.
• D. gives an advice.
• E. can be substituted for “need to" without changing its meaning.

Gabarito: E

Comentários

• O verbo modal MUST impõe uma obrigação.
  a) expresses possibility. (expressa possibilidade) ERRADA
  b) means permission.(significa permissão) ERRADA
  c) conveys ability. (transmite habilidade) ERRADA
  d) gives an advice. (dá um conselho) ERRADA
  e) can be substituted for “need to” without changing its meaning. (pode ser substituído por "precisa" [obrigação] sem mudança no seu significado) CORRETA

• e-

  As a modal verb, 'must' is followed by the base form of a verb. Must is used to indicate that it's necessary for something to happen. It implies a strong sense of obligation, usually something that has to invariably happen or be accomplished without compromise. Must can usually be replaced by 'to have to' and 'need to'.

Questão 572383

• Banca: Marinha
• Órgão: ESCOLA NAVAL
• Ano: 2010
• Provas: Marinha - 2010 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 2º Dia
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

What would you say if you didn't have a pen and wanted to use your friend's?

• A. Could you borrow your pen?
• B. Could you lend your pen?
• C. Could you borrow me your pen?
• D. Could you lend me your pen?
• E. Could you borrow my pen?

Gabarito: D

Comentários

• GAB.>D

• ESCOLA NAVAL 2010, POIS É !!!

Questão 603271

• Banca: CESGRANRIO
• Órgão: FINEP
• Ano: 2011
• Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2011 - FINEP - Analista - Biblioteconomia; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - FINEP - Analista - Comunicação Social; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - FINEP - Analista - Contabilidade; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - FINEP - Analista - Desenvolvimento de Sistemas; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - FINEP - Analista - Jurídica; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - FINEP - Analista - Serviço Social; CESGRANRIO - 2011 - FINEP - Analista de Suporte
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

                           Don't spend all your time at the office. Take a break.
                                 By Kim Painter, USA TODAY, April 7th, 2011
Remember the lunch hour? In a more relaxed, less plugged-in era, office workers would rise up midday to eat food at tables, gossip with co-workers, enjoy a book on a park bench or take a walk in the sun. Can it still be done, without invoking the scorn of desk-bound colleagues or enduring constant electronic interruptions? It can and should. Here are five ways to break free: 1. Give yourself permission. As the hair-color ads say, “You're worth it." Taking a break in the workday is more than an indulgence, though: It's a way of taking care of your body and mind, says Laura Stack, a time-management expert and author who blogs at theproductivitypro.com. “You have to eliminate the guilt and remind yourself that the more you take care of yourself, the better you are able to take care of others," she says. “We have to recharge our batteries. We have to refresh. It's OK." 2. Get a posse. “Indeed, many people are wishing they could just peel themselves away, but they don't have the discipline," Stack says. Thus, invite a co-worker to take daily walks with you or a group to gather for Friday lunches. Pretty soon, you'll be working in a happier place (and feeling less like a shirker and more like a leader). 3. Schedule it. Put it on your calendar and on any electronic schedule visible to co-workers. “Code yourself as 'unavailable.' Nobody has to know why," says Laura Vanderkam, author of 168 Hours: You Have More Time Than You Think. And, if a daily hour of “me time" seems impossible right now, then commit to just one or two big breaks a week. Or schedule several 15-minute leg-stretching, mind-freeing breaks each day. Keep those appointments, and spend them in “a cone of silence," without electronic devices, Vanderkam says. 4. Apply deadline pressure. The promise of a lunch break could make for a more productive morning: “Treat it as a deadline or a game," Stack says. Pick a meaty task or two that must be finished before lunch and dive in. Plan what you'll finish in the afternoon, too. That will free your mind to enjoy the break, Vanderkam says. 5. Eat at your desk. That's right: If you can't beat them, seem to join them. If you really don't care about eating elsewhere, “pack your lunch and eat it at your desk, and save the time for something you'd rather do," whether it's going to the gym or sneaking out to your car to read, Vanderkam says. (But remember, you still have to schedule this break.) While most co-workers care less about your habits than you think they do, she says, “this has the extra advantage that you can be seen eating at your desk." . Access on April 7th, 2011. Adapted.

In the fragments, “office workers would rise up midday…" (lines 2-3) and “ 'You have to eliminate the guilt…' " (lines 14- 15), the verb forms in bold express the ideas, respectively, of

• A. necessity – suggestion
• B. habit in the past – obligation
• C. possibility – hypothesis
• D. ability – probability
• E. intention – inference

Gabarito: B

Comentários

• The modal 'would' may relate to something often performed in the past, such as an endeavour in which the speaker would often persist. As to the "have to" form used in the text, its use is tantamount to modals that convey obligation.
• São os "model verbs".
  O "have to" seria mais ou menos, a obrigação imposta pelo modo  verbal imperativo. Expressar algo que é indispensável que se faça!
  o "would" (além de pura e gramaticalmente ser o passado do will)  é usado com ações repetidas no passado!
  
  []s

• GAB: LETRA B

  Complementando!

  Fonte: Prof. Ena Loiola

  In the fragments, “office workers would  rise up midday…” (lines 2-3) and “‘You have  to eliminate the guilt…’” (lines 14-15), the verb forms in bold express the ideas, respectively, of = Nos fragmentos, "trabalhadores de escritório costumavam sair ao meio-dia ..." (linhas 2-3) e "'Você tem que eliminar a culpa ...'" (linhas 14-15), as formas verbais em negrito expressar as ideias, respectivamente, de 

   

  Opção A: necessity – suggestion = necessidade - sugestão 

   

  • Para se expressar uma necessidade, se usa o need ou must. 
  • Errada. 

   

  ===

  Opção B: habit in the past – obligation = hábito no passado – obrigação 

   

  • O would é usado para se referir ao passado na frase citada. No contexto ele é equivalente ao used to. Para expressar uma obrigação se usa o have to, como se observa na passagem do texto. Esta é a opção correta. 

   

  ===

  Opção C: possibility – hypothesis = possibilidade – hipótese 

   

  • Para expressar possibilidade se usa o could, may ou might. 
  • Errada. 

   

  ===

  Opção D: ability – probability = habilidade – probabilidade 

   

  • O modal usado para se expressar habilidade é o can. 
  • Opção errada. 

   

  ===

  Opção E: intention – inference = intenção – inferência 

   

  • Usa-se o going to ou will para indicar intenção. 
  • Errada. 

   

Questão 734551

• Banca: Marinha
• Órgão: ESCOLA NAVAL
• Ano: 2011
• Provas: Marinha - 2011 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 2º Dia
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Which of the alternatives below completes the sentence correctly?

(Airport Requirement)Passengers (1) present their valid travel documents and boarding pass at airport security check and at the boarding gate in order to be allowed to board the airplane.

• A. can
• B. may
• C. should
• D. must
• E. might

Gabarito: D

Questão 734566

• Banca: Marinha
• Órgão: ESCOLA NAVAL
• Ano: 2011
• Provas: Marinha - 2011 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 2º Dia
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension; Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Which alternative does not express the same idea as "Always do right" in the sentence below?

"Always do right. This will gratify people and astonish the rest" (Mark Twain)

• A. You should always do right.
• B. You can always do right.
• C. You always have to do right.
• D. You must always do right.
• E. You always ought to do right.

Gabarito: B

Questão 736999

• Banca: Exército
• Órgão: EsFCEx
• Ano: 2010
• Provas: Exército - 2010 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Conhecimentos Gerais; Exército - 2010 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Magistério Matemática
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Futuro simples | Simple future; Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Choose the answer with the verbs that appropriately complete the sentences below:

Anna __________ go to school today because she __________ walk. Her mother told her she __________ see a doctor.

• A. will -- must - should
• B. must - can't - will
• C. can't - should - must
• D. won't - can - must
• E. won't - can't - should

Gabarito: E

Questão 757381

• Banca: CESGRANRIO
• Órgão: Transpetro
• Ano: 2012
• Provas: CESGRANRIO - 2012 - Transpetro - Administrador Júnior; CESGRANRIO - 2012 - Transpetro - Analista de Sistemas Júnior - Infra-Estrutura; CESGRANRIO - 2012 - Transpetro - Bibliotecário Júnior; CESGRANRIO - 2012 - Transpetro - Contador Júnior; CESGRANRIO - 2012 - Transpetro - Engenheiro Júnior - Automação; CESGRANRIO - 2012 - Transpetro - Engenheiro Júnior - Elétrica; CESGRANRIO - 2012 - Transpetro - Engenheiro Júnior - Mecânica; CESGRANRIO - 2012 - Transpetro - Engenheiro Júnior - Naval; CESGRANRIO - 2012 - Transpetro - Engenheiro Júnior - Segurança; CESGRANRIO - 2012 - Transpetro - Médico do Trabalho Júnior; CESGRANRIO - 2012 - Transpetro - Profissional de Meio Ambiente Júnior; CESGRANRIO - 2012 - Transpetro - Químico de Petróleo Júnior
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

                                   Safety Meeting Presentation

  Today's meeting is really about you. I can stand in front of you and talk about working safely and what procedures to follow until I'm blue in the face. But until you understand the need for working safely, until you are willing to be responsible for your safety, it doesn't mean a whole lot.
   Some of you may be familiar with OSHA - the Occupational Safety & Health Administration. The sole purpose of this agency is to keep American workers safe. Complying with OSHA regulations isn't always easy, but if we work together, we can do it. Yet, complying with regulations is not the real reason for working safely. Our real motive is simple. We care about each and every one of you and will do what is necessary to prevent you from being injured.
   However, keeping our workplace safe takes input from everyone. Management, supervisor, and all of you have to come together on this issue, or we're in trouble. For example, upper management has to approve the purchase of safe equipment. Supervisors, including myself, have to ensure that each of you knows how to use that equipment safely. Then it's up to you to follow through the task and use the equipment as you were trained. If any one part of this chain fails, accidents are going to happen and people are going to get hurt.

Responsibility Number One - Recognize Hazards
   At the core of your safety responsibilities lies the task of recognizing safety and health hazards. In order to do that, you must first understand what constitutes a hazard. Extreme hazards are often obvious. Our hopes are that you won't find too many of those around here.
   There are, however, more subtle hazards that won't jump up and bite you. As a result of your safety training and meetings like these, some things may come to mind. For example, a machine may not be easy to lock out. Common practice may be to use a tag. This is a potential hazard and should be discussed. Maybe something can be changed to make it easier to use a lock. Other subtle hazards include such things as frayed electrical cords, a loose machine guard, a cluttered aisle, or maybe something that just doesn't look right.

Responsibility Number Two - Report Hazards
    A big part of recognizing hazards is using your instincts. Nobody knows your job as well as you do, so we're counting on you to let us know about possible problems. Beyond recognizing hazards, you have to correct them or report them to someone who can. This too, is a judgement call. For example, if something spills in your work area you can probably clean it up yourself. However, if there is an unlabeled chemical container and you have no idea what it is, you should report it to your supervisor.

Additional Employee Responsibilities
   Good housekeeping is a major part of keeping your work area safe. For example, you should take a few minutes each day to ensure that aisles, hallways, and stairways in your work area are not obstructed. If boxes, equipment, or anything else is left to pile up, you have a tripping hazard on your hands. Those obstructions could keep you from exiting the building quickly and safely should you face an emergency situation.
   Also watch out for spills. These can lead to slips and falls. Flammable materials are another thing to be aware of. Make sure they are disposed of properly.
   Keep Thinking. Even if you're doing your job safely and you are avoiding hazards, there are often even better ways to work safely. If you have ideas for improving the safety of your job or that of co-workers, share them.

   Concluding Remarks
  While nothing we do can completely eliminate the threat of an incident, we can work together to improve our odds. As I said, this must be a real team effort and I'm counting on input from all of you. Let's keep communicating and continue to improve safety.

  Available at: <http://www.ncsu.edu/ehs/www99/right/training/meeting/emplores.html>.Retrieved on: April 1st, 2012. Adapted.

The modal auxiliary in boldface conveys the idea of obligation in the fragment:

• A. “Some of you may be familiar with OSHA" (line 7)
• B. “we can do it." (line 11)
• C. “and will do what is necessary to prevent you from being injured." (lines 14-15)
• D. “you must first understand what constitutes a hazard." (lines 30-31)
• E. “Those obstructions could keep you from exiting the building quickly and safely" (lines 62-64)

Gabarito: D

Comentários

• d) “you must first understand what constitutes a hazard.” (lines 30-31)
  
  The bromidic approach of sticking labels onto auxiliary verbs and requiring through some halfwit question a foolproof way of pinpointing them. Modal verbs are used play an auxiliary role in a text when the main understanding of the passage entails strong compliance, suggestion, duties, looming possibility etc. Must is often tied brassbound to the idea of "obligation", maintaining the wording used in teh question.
  
  Consoante o contexto:
  may - possibilidade.
  can - habilidade para realizar algo. Geralmente traduzido para "poder", mas é poder no sentido de "ser capaz".
  will - indica futuro.
  must - obrigação.
  could - futuro do pretérito de can.

Questão 791113

• Banca: ACAPLAM
• Órgão: Prefeitura de Aroeiras - PB
• Ano: 2010
• Provas: ACAPLAM - 2010 - Prefeitura de Aroeiras - PB - Professor - Inglês
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Assinale a idéia expressa pelo verbo em destaque na frase:

Africa is not the front line in the war against terror, but it soon could be.

• A. capacity
• B. possibility
• C. permission
• D. advice
• E. prohibition

Gabarito: B

Comentários

• b) possibility
  
  Could is a modal verb used for expressing possibility and it's like "may".
  

• A África não é a linha de frente da guerra contra o terror, mas logo pode ser.

    A) capacidade   B) possibilidade   C) permissão   D) conselho   E) proibição

Questão 802816

• Banca: Exército
• Órgão: EsFCEx
• Ano: 2011
• Provas: Exército - 2011 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Conhecimentos Gerais
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Futuro simples | Simple future; Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Choose the answer with the verbs that appropriately complete the sentences below.


The children ______________ play outside today because of the rain. As a result, they _________________ stay home and watch TV. If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, they _________________ be able to ride their bikes in the street.

• A. must – can’t – will
• B. will – must – should
• C. won’t – can’t – must
• D. can’t – should – will
• E. won’t – can’t – should

Gabarito: D

Comentários

• The children can't play outside today because of the rain. As a result, they should stay home and watch TV. If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, they will be able to ride their bikes in (on) the street.
  
  The only modal verb that can be used at the beginnig of the incantation is "can"T because, since it's a downpour out there, it's expected that the little vegemites won't want to play outside, else they'll be soaking wet.

Questão 951307

• Banca: EXATUS
• Órgão: DETRAN-RJ
• Ano: 2012
• Provas: EXATUS - 2012 - DETRAN-RJ - Todos os Cargos - Conhecimentos Gerais
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Choose the alternative that shows the correct form to use the Conditional:

Andrew is able to understand his France teacher, therefore he _____ answer his questions.

• A. cannot.
  
• B. could never.
  
• C. should.
  
• D. must to.
  

Gabarito: C

Comentários

• c) should.
  
  If he can grasp whatever the French teacher utters, he can shoot back at him with little to no problem.
  
  should- deve. Ele entende o que ele diz, então ele deve responder suas pergunstas.

• Não pode usar o "to" após uma palavra modal

  must to = errado

  Andrew entende o seu professor de inglês, portanto ele "should" responder suas questões.

Questão 1179916

• Banca: VUNESP
• Órgão: PM-SP
• Ano: 2014
• Provas: VUNESP - 2014 - PM-SP - Aspirante da Polícia Militar
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Leia o texto para responder às questões:


The Right to a “Custody Hearing” under International Law

by Maria Laura Canineu
February 3, 2014

        A person who is arrested has a right to be brought promptly before a judge. This is a longstanding and fundamental principle of international law, crucial for ensuring that the person’s arrest, treatment, and any ongoing detention are lawful.
        Yet, until now, Brazil has not respected this right. Detainees often go months before seeing a judge. For instance, in São Paulo state, which houses 37 percent of Brazil’s total prison population, most detainees are not brought before a judge for at least three months. The risk of ill-treatment is often highest during the initial stages of detention, when police are questioning a suspect. The delay makes detainees more vulnerable to torture and other serious forms of mistreatment by abusive police officers.
        In 2012, the UN Subcommittee on Prevention of Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment reported that it had received “repeated and consistent accounts of torture and ill-treatment” in São Paulo and other Brazilian states, “committed by, in particular, the military and civil police.” The torture had allegedly occurred in police custody or at the moment of arrest, on the street, inside private homes, or in hidden outdoor areas, and was described as “gratuitous violence, as a form of punishment, to extract confessions, and as a means of extortion.”
        In addition to violating the rights of detainees, these abusive practices make it more difficult for the police to establish the kind of public trust that is often crucial for effective crime control. These practices undermine legitimate efforts to promote public security and curb violent crime, and thus have a negative impact on Brazilian society as a whole.
        The right to be brought before a judge without unnecessary delay is enshrined in treaties long ago ratified by Brazil, including the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and the American Convention on Human Rights. The United Nations Human Rights Committee, which is responsible for interpreting the ICCPR, has determined that the delay between the arrest of an accused and the time before he is brought before a judicial authority “should not exceed a few days,” even during states of emergency.
        Other countries in Latin America have incorporated this right into their domestic law. For instance, in Argentina, the federal Criminal Procedure Code requires that in cases of arrest without a judicial order, the detainee must be brought to a competent judicial authority within six hours.
        In contrast, Brazil’s criminal procedure code requires that when an adult is arrested in flagrante and held in police custody, only the police files of the case need to be presented to the judge within 24 hours, not the actual detainee. Judges evaluate the legality of the arrest and make the decision about whether to order continued detention or other precautionary measures based solely on the written documents provided by the police.
        The code establishes a maximum of 60 days for the first judicial hearing with the detainee, but does not explicitly say when this period begins. In practice, this often means that police in Brazil can keep people detained, with formal judicial authorization, for several months, without giving the detainee a chance to actually see a judge.
        According to the code, the only circumstance in which police need to bring a person before the judge immediately applies to cases of crimes not subject to bail in which arresting officer was not able to exhibit the arrest order to the person arrested at the time of arrest. Otherwise, the detainee may also not see a judge for several months.

                                         (www.hrw.org. Editado e adaptado)

No trecho do sexto parágrafo – …the detainee must be brought to a competent judicial authority within six hours. –, o termo must pode ser substituído, sem alteração de sentido, por

• A. can.
• B. may.
• C. would.
• D. used to.
• E. has to.

Gabarito: E

Comentários

• Must significa dever, ter de. Por isso, é sinônimo de have to. No texto, aparece o has to, que é o verbo have to conjugado na 3ª pessoa do singular.

  Can: poder

  May:  dá ideia de probabilidade

  She may be here this night. (Ela provavelmente estará aqui esta noite)

  Would – dá ideia do futuro do pretérito do indicativo do português. (terminação –ria)

  Used to - costumava

  
  

• O detento deve ser levado a uma autoridade judiciária competente no prazo de seis horas.
  
  Must é usado para expressar obrigação e dedução (quando usado na afirmativa) e proibição (quando usado na negativa):
  Exemplos
  The doctor said you must stop smoking, otherwhise you will die. (O médico disse que você tem de parar de fumar, caso contrário você vai morrer.)
  You must stop. (Você deve parar.)
  He must be at home. 
  (Ele deve estar em casa.)
  A alternativa E também é associada à obrigação. "has to " - tem de

• MUST / DEVE / TER QUE -- HAVE TO

  the detainee has to brought to a competent judicial authority within six hours.

• e

Questão 1192603

• Banca: UEG
• Órgão: UEG
• Ano: 2014
• Provas: UEG - 2014 - UEG - Vestibular - Prova 1
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Formação de palavras (prefixos e sufixos) | Word formation (prefix and suffix); Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension; Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Are You Addicted to Sports?

Sports addictions are real and do conflict with relationships. As with anything that can be addictive there is a threshold where something healthy becomes unhealthy. Addiction is defined as "the state of being enslaved to a habit or practice or to something that is psychologically or physically habit-forming". An addiction to sports is not always a bad thing, but can be. Often this addiction comes along with another addiction whether it be cigarettes, alcohol, or gambling.

If you or someone you love is addicted to sports make sure you approach it in a proper manner. If this is your spouse and it is coming between you and him/her then you may want to seek counseling. If you personally are addicted to sports then try picking up another hobby because you may just have too much free time. Get out of the house once in a while and enjoy life. Don't let the athletic ability of others control your life.
Signs of sports addiction: mood swings during events; outcome ruins your day or even week; sports gambling; fantasy sports; attending an excess number of events; excessive merchandise; arguments and fights.

Considerando os aspectos estruturais do texto, percebe-se que:

• A. os termos healthy, psychologically, personally e physically são formados pelos processos de prefixação e sufixação.
  
• B. complemento da if-clause está adequado em: “If I were addicted to sports I would certainly look for help”.
  
• C. na sentença you may want to seek counseling, o termo may pode ser substituído por “can”, sem alterar o sentido.
  
• D. na sentença Don't let the athletic ability of others control your life está explicitada a possibilidade de escolha.

Gabarito: B

Questão 1256422

• Banca: IDECAN
• Órgão: AGU
• Ano: 2014
• Provas: IDECAN - 2014 - AGU - Analista de Sistemas
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Sinônimos | Synonyms; Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

                                  This (Illegal) American Life

By Maria E. Andreu

      My parents came to New York City to make their fortune when I was a baby. Irresponsible and dreamy and in their early 20s, they didn't think things through when their visa expired; they decided to stay just a bit longer to build up a nest egg.

      But our stay got progressively longer, until, when I was 6, my grandfather died in South America. My father decided my mother and I should go to the funeral and, with assurances that he would handle everything, sat me down and told me I'd have a nice visit in his boyhood home in Argentina, then be back in America in a month.

      I didn't see him for two years.

      We couldn't get a visa to return. My father sent us money from New Jersey, as the months of our absence stretched into years. Finally, he met someone who knew "coyotes" - people who smuggled others into the U.S. via Mexico. He paid them what they asked for, and we flew to Mexico City.

      They drove us to the Mexican side of the border, and left us at a beach. Another from their operation picked us up there and drove us across as his family. We passed Disneyland on our way to the airport, where we boarded the plane to finally rejoin my father.

      As a child, I had thought coming back home would be the magical end to our troubles, but in many ways it was the beginning. I chafed at the strictures of undocumented life: no social security number meant no public school (instead I attended a Catholic school my parents could scarcely afford); no driver's license, no after-school job. My parents had made their choices, and I had to live with those, seeing off my classmates as they left on a class trip to Canada, or packing to go off to college, where 1 could not go.

      The year before I graduated from high school, Congress passed the amnesty law of 1987. A few months after my 18th birthday, I became legal and what had always seemed a blank future of no hope suddenly turned dazzling with possibility.

      When I went for my interview at the Immigration and Naturalization Service, the caseworker looked at me quizzically when he heard me talk in unaccented English and joke about current events. Surely this American teenager did not fit in with the crowd of illegals looking to make things right.

      At the time, I was flattered. His confusion meant I could pass as an American.

                                  (Newsweek, October 2f 2008. Page 12.)

In "My father decided my mother and I should go to the funeral" the modal can be replaced by

• A. may.
• B. could.
• C. might.
• D. have to.
• E. ought to.

Gabarito: E

Comentários

• RESPOSTA LETRA E

  Os dois são sinonimos

  should - deveria

   

  ougth - deveria
  

• ought é sinonimo de must, não de should.

• http://brasilescola.uol.com.br/ingles/modal-verbs.htm

• 37 In “My father decided my mother and I should go to the funeral” the modal can be replaced by

  37 Em “Meu pai decidiu que minha mãe e eu deveríamos ir ao funeral” o modal pode ser substituido por

  A) may. = pode e B) could. = poderia e C) might. = poderia

  Os três modais são usados para indicar possibilidade ou probabilidade. Não cabem no contexto, pois está se falando de uma advertência, algo que se deve fazer por ser o certo e costumeiro. Opções erradas.

   

  C) have to. = ter que

  É mais usado para expressar algo que se deve fazer, não necessariamente por que se quer, mas por ser algo obrigado ou necessário. Errada.

   

  E) ought to. = deveria

  ought to = should = deve, deveria (conselho, advertência)

• e-

  Modal verbs & substitutes

  must    to have to    
  can    to be able to    
  may    might (present possibility)
  need not    not to have to    
  should     ought

Questão 1396468

• Banca: FUNCAB
• Órgão: SEE-AC
• Ano: 2014
• Provas: FUNCAB - 2014 - SEE-AC - Professor Língua Inglesa
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Read the text below and answer the questions that follow:

Teaching English as a foreign language teacher: job description

Teaching English as a foreign language (TEFL) involves teaching adults and children whose first or main language is not English. This can be done in the UK or abroad and the students may be learning English for either business or leisure reasons.

Teaching English to speakers of other languages (TESOL) is also a widely used term and often means the same thing as TEFL. It’s sometimes specifically used to refer to teaching English to people who are living in the UK but who do not speak English as a first language. These students are most commonly refugees and immigrants and need to learn the language in order to help them settle into the UK society.Their courses are often government funded.

Teaching English as a second language (TESL) or teaching English as an additional language (TEAL) may also be terms that are used but they generally all refer to the same thing - teaching English to someone whose native language is not English.

Teachers of English as a foreign language can work in a variety of settingswith different age ranges. This can include commercial language schools, schools and institutions of further and higher education throughout the UK and overseas. Some may also teach in industry, while others are self-employed. Classes are usually taught in English, evenwith beginners. Teaching English as a foreign language teacher: job description

Adapted from: < www.prospects.ac.uk/case-studies-working- abroad>

Read these sentences:

1. You ___________ smoke in the classroom. It’s forbidden.

2. You ___________ study hard for the final tests.

3. You smoke too much. You ___________ to quit smoking.

Choose the correct modal verbs that complete these sentences, respectively

• A. can’t /must / should
• B. can / have to / need
• C. can’t / have to /mustn’t
• D. mustn’t / need / should
• E. mustn’t / should / ought

Gabarito: E

Comentários

• Por que não A?

• O erro que vejo na letra A)  é a utilização do verbo "can" na primeira sentença.
  

  O verbo "can" tem como tradução em português a palavra "poder". Deve ser entendido os diferentes significados da palavra "poder".

  ex 1 - Você não pode roubar, pois ilegal. (no sentido de que você tem o direito de ter a atitude)

  ex 2 - Eu posso plantar bananeira. (no sentido que tenho a habilidade de fazer.)

  Portanto utiliza o "can" no sentido de de habilidade, como no exemplo 2.

  
  

  
  

• can - habilidade de poder. ex .: you can run

  must - no sentido de proibição,dever.

  should - poder no sentido de sugestão.

• O erro da letra A não é o ''can'' como dito. O erro está na terceira frase: ''. You ___________ to quit smoking. ''

  should não requer o '' to '' destacado, então devemos usar a estrutura ought to

  -----------

  In other ways, you can't  say, for example, I should to stay or I should to go. You must say: I should stay or I should go. However, if you choose the ''ought to'' you should pay attention to the correct structure. 

  By the way, any reference to a famous song is not a coincidence.

  http://www.solinguainglesa.com.br/conteudo/ModalVerbs9.php

• a D não esta certa tbm? alguem sabe informar?

   

• Irmão, a D está incorreta porque o verbo "need" necessita de preposição "to", que não está na 2., e o verbo "should" não rege preposição, que aparece na 3. ("to").

   

  Mas quanto aos sentidos que expressam, estariam corretos nas frases!

   

  Bons estudos, abraço!

• A alternativa A está errada por que MUST, utilizado na negativa, tem sentido de PROIBIÇÃO.

  Se a primeira frase fosse: 

  1. You ___________ smoke in the classroom.

  Tanto "can't" como "mustn't" serviriam. Mas a questão colocou um "It’s forbidden." (está proibido) no final, ficou reforçado que a utilização de "can't", neste caso, seria pouco (fraco, não suficiente) para expressar o quanto realmente não se queria que fumasse na sala de aula.

Questão 1446583

• Banca: CETRO
• Órgão: AEB
• Ano: 2014
• Provas: CETRO - 2014 - AEB - Analista em C&T - Gestão Administrativa - Pleno 1; CETRO - 2014 - AEB - Tecnologista - Desenvolvimento Técnológico - Pleno 1
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Aspectos linguísticos | Linguistic aspects; Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Choose the alternative that defines, grammatically and respectively, the verbs in bold in the sentences below.

I would¹ look to generate in my friends, and across my generation, a commitment to serving. Whether in schools, hospitals, or on wilderness trails, I’d hope ² to create in each of us a new, expanded sense of citizenship. We’d spend ³ a year of our lives, before jobs, children, and mortgages complicate our options, building an America where serving is not the obligation of a few – or a possibility only to the privileged.

It would be ⁴ a real choice for everyone. If I were 22 I’d want to give ⁵ myself an answer to the question: “Where did you serve?”

• A. Modal verb ¹ ; regular verb ² ; regular verb ³ ; regular verb ⁴ ; irregular verb ⁵ .
• B. Regular verb ¹ ; irregular verb ² ; irregular verb ³ ; modal verb ⁴ ; irregular verb ⁵ .
• C. Modal verb ¹ ; regular verb ² ; irregular verb ³ ; modal verb ⁴ ; regular verb 5 .
• D. Regular verb ¹ ; regular verb² ;regular verb ³ ; irregular verb ⁴ ; irregular verb ⁵ .
• E. Modal verb ¹ ; regular verb ² ; irregular verb ³ ; irregular verb ⁴ ; irregular verb ^{5 .}

Gabarito: E

Questão 1505587

• Banca: Gestão Concurso
• Órgão: CEMIG-TELECOM
• Ano: 2014
• Provas: Gestão Concurso - 2014 - CEMIG-TELECOM - Analista Administrativo Jr.; Gestão Concurso - 2014 - CEMIG-TELECOM - Analista de Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação Jr.; Gestão Concurso - 2014 - CEMIG-TELECOM - Analista de Vendas Jr
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

A sentença “Jane _____ cook pasta very well.” é CORRETAMENTE completada com

• A. can
• B. don’t
• C. is
• D. would have

Gabarito: A

Comentários

• A) O modal Can , pois pode expressar abilidade, oportunidade,possibilidade, permissão ou pedido; aquí, abilidade

  
  

  B) seria doesn't (Jane- 3ª pessoa)

  
  

  C) Poderia ser o Present progressive tense se  am/is/are com o verbo auxiliar terminando em -ing:  Jane is cooking ....

  
  

  D) Usamos o would have(teria) como passado(1) de will have(terá) ou como condicional(2) para falar sobre algo que não ocorreu:

  
  

  (1) ------>   By the end of the decade scientists will have discovered a cure for influenza.

  
                    I will phone at six o’clock. He will have got home by then.

  
  

                    I phoned at six o’clock. I knew he would have got home by then.

  
                    It was half past five. Dad would have finished work.
  

  
  

  (2) -------> If it had been a little warmer we would have gone for a swim.

  
                   He would have been very angry if he had seen you.

  
  

  Obs: No perfective will have estamos olhando para trás a partir de um ponto no tempo(1) quando algo terá acontecido ou em um ponto do presente(possibilidade)(3)

  (3)--------> Look at the time. The match will have started.
                    It’s half past five. Dad will have finished work.

  
  

  https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/english-grammar/verbs/modal-verbs/will-have-or-would-have
  http://leo.stcloudstate.edu/grammar/tenses.html
  

  http://www.englishpage.com/modals/can.html
  

• a-

  Can expressa habilidade para fazer algo. Jane can cook. I can drive. He can climb the stairs etc

Questão 1505602

• Banca: Gestão Concurso
• Órgão: CEMIG-TELECOM
• Ano: 2014
• Provas: Gestão Concurso - 2014 - CEMIG-TELECOM - Analista Administrativo Jr.; Gestão Concurso - 2014 - CEMIG-TELECOM - Analista de Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação Jr.; Gestão Concurso - 2014 - CEMIG-TELECOM - Analista de Vendas Jr
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Leia o diálogo abaixo:.

Douglas: It’s good to have you here, cousin! Would you like some wine?
Claudia: Sure. Douglas, remember when we were kids and we used to visit grandma every Sunday for lunch? Douglas: Yes. We would spend the whole day playing in the backyard! Too bad we can’t turn back time…
Claudia: You’re right… I guess I would have spent more time with her. She used to take such good care of us. She would make us those delicious chocolate chip cookies, then she would buy us all Christmas presents.! She has always enjoyed being around her grandchildren!
Douglas: Yeah… If I had grandchildren, I would be exactly like she was to us.
Claudia: So would I! I would rather be like her than being a lonely old lady.

De acordo com o diálogo acima, nas expressões destacadas, o verbo modal would é empregado para indicar, respectivamente,

• A. interesse; condição passada; hábito passado; hipótese; preferência.
• B. interesse; hábito passado; condição; situação futura; habilidade passada.
• C. preferência; fato passado; hipótese; planos futuros; interesse.
• D. preferência; hipótese passada; hipótese; interesse; condição futura.

Gabarito: A

Comentários

• CERTA A

  Would you like-  cortesia , oferecer algo
  

  
  

  would have spent-  expressa um desejo de algo passado
  

  
  

  would make- passado de will, denota o hábito da avó

  
  

  would be-  usado para falar de algo que vai, pode ou poderá acontecer ( sob uma condição).

   If I asked her to the party, would she come?; I would have come to the party if you'd asked me; I'd be happy to help you.
  

  
  

  would rather be - usado ra expressar preferencia, opinião. faria; seria; preferiria; etc.

  I would do it this way; It'd be a shame to lose the opportunity; I'd prefer to go tomorrow rather than today.

  
  

  
  

• a-

  Would quando junta com if forma orações subordinadas condicionais. I would have have spent more time with her significa uma condição passada porque é algo que ja aconteceu e há somente possibilidade de especular como seria se fosse diferente. If I had grandchildren, I would be exactly like she was to us significa algo que não é verdade e o interlocutor conjectura um cenário alternativo.

   

  I would rather === I prefer, I'd sooner

Questão 1560931

• Banca: Exército
• Órgão: EsFCEx
• Ano: 2014
• Provas: Exército - 2014 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Administração; Exército - 2014 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Biblioteconomia; Exército - 2014 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Ciências Contábeis; Exército - 2014 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Comunicação Social; Exército - 2014 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Direito; Exército - 2014 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Enfermagem; Exército - 2014 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Informática; Exército - 2014 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Magistério em Espanhol; Exército - 2014 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Magistério Geografia; Exército - 2014 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Magistério Matemática; Exército - 2014 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Magistério Química; Exército - 2014 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Psicologia; Exército - 2014 - EsFCEx - Oficial - v; Exército - 2014 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Veterinária
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Choose the correct alternative according to the use of modals:

• A. Where are you going this holiday? I don't know yet, I might go to thebeach.
• B. You have to help me with my composition, it is important I do it myself
• C. You should to have a break.
• D. Where is my bag? I shouldn‟t find it.
• E. Would you to pass me the salt, please?

Gabarito: A

Comentários

• Eu acertei, mas alguem poderia explicar?? Acertar somente no feeling nunca é bom.

• A) OK

  B) Quando se usa o have to passamos a ideia de obrigação, o que não é o caso dessa frase, pois não existe uma obrigação, um regulamento que obrigue essa pessoa ajudar a outra em sua composição, nesse caso, o certo seria usar o must 

  C) Não se usa o  a partícula to depois dos verbos modais porque eles não assumem a forma infinitiva, exceto o ought to

  D) A forma correta seria I couldn't find it

  E) A forma correta seria Can you to pass..., o would  é usado para oferecer algo para alguém e não para pedir

Questão 1637863

• Banca: Exército
• Órgão: IME
• Ano: 2013
• Provas: Exército - 2013 - IME - Aluno - Português e Inglês
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Don’t be ridiculous! That man _______________ possibly be Barrack Obama!

• A. mustn’t
• B. can’t
• C. shouldn’t
• D. won’t
• E. doesn’t

Gabarito: B

Comentários

• Não seja ridículo! Esse homem _______________ possivelmente seja Barrack Obama! a) Não deve B) Não pode C) Não deveria D) Não vai E) Não faz

• Can = probability.

  LETRA B

  APMBB

Questão 1718779

• Banca: Marinha
• Órgão: ESCOLA NAVAL
• Ano: 2015
• Provas: Marinha - 2015 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 2° Dia
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

                                        Major Current Environmental Problems

Ocean Acidification: It is a direct impact of excessive production of C02. 25% of C02 is produced by humans. The ocean acidity has increased by the last 250 years, but by 2100, it _______ shoot up by 150%.

Acid Rain: Acid rain occurs due to the presence of certain pollutants in the atmosphere. Acid rain is a known environmental problem that _______ have serious effect on human health, wildlife and aquatic species.

(Adapted from http://www.conserve-energy-future.com).

Which is the correct option to complete the text below?

• A. may/can.
• B. would/can.
• C. would/may.
• D. may/would.
• E. could/would.

Gabarito: A

Comentários

• Ocean Acidification: It is a direct impact of excessive production of CO2. 25% of CO2 is produced by humans. The ocean acidity has increased by the last 250 years, but by 2100, it may shoot up by 150%. Acid Rain: Acid rain occurs due to the presence of certain pollutants in the atmosphere. Acid rain is a known environmental problem that can have serious effect on human health, wildlife and aquatic species.
  A acidificação dos oceanos: É um impacto direto da produção excessiva de CO2. 25% de CO2 é produzido pelos seres humanos. A acidez dos oceanos aumentou nos últimos 250 anos, mas até 2100, pode chegar a 150%. Chuva ácida: A chuva ácida ocorre devido à presença de determinados poluentes na atmosfera. A chuva ácida é um problema ambiental conhecido que pode ter consequências graves para a saúde humana, a vida selvagem e espécies aquáticas.
  O verbo modal "may" - é usado para permissão (formal) e possibilidade.
  O verbo modal "can" - é usado para permissão (informal), habilidade e capacidade.
  Na primeira lacuna, usamos o "may", por ter uma possibilidade de até 2100 a produção de CO2 chegar a 150%.
  Na segunda lacuna, usamos o "can", para mostrar que a chuva ácida é um problema ambiental que é capaz de trazer graves consequências para a saúde  humana.
  Portanto, a alternativa A está correta.

• Would junto com verbo trás a ideia de IA

  exemplo:

  I would travel if i had money

  Eu viajarIA se tivesse dinheiro

  .

  Então,

  that _______ have serious effect

  A chuva ácida é um problema que teria sérios efeitos?

  Não,ela É um problema,presente

  Não tem hipótese aqui

  Descartamos C/D/E

  .

  The ocean acidity has increased by the last 250 years, but by 2100, it _______ shoot up by 150%.

  A acidez do oceano aumentou nos últimos 250 anos, mas a partir de 2100, isso _____poderá aumentar por 150%

  Se poderá aumentar por 150%, não pode ser Would, ficaria Aumentaria

  E poderá aumentar,sendo assim May a correta

Questão 1762624

• Banca: Exército
• Órgão: EsFCEx
• Ano: 2015
• Provas: Exército - 2015 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Administração; Exército - 2015 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Assistência Social; Exército - 2015 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Ciências Contábeis; Exército - 2015 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Conhecimentos Gerais; Exército - 2015 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Direito; Exército - 2015 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Enfermagem; Exército - 2015 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Fisioterapia; Exército - 2015 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Fonoaudiologia; Exército - 2015 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Informática; Exército - 2015 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Nutrição; Exército - 2015 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Psicologia; Exército - 2015 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Terapia Ocupacional; Exército - 2015 - EsFCEx - Oficial -Veterinária
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

 Chose the correct alternative(s) according to the use of modals.

I. We must go to school yesterday.

II. I don't think she should buy that purse.

III. She can to travei with us. 

• A. I, II and III.
• B. I and III, only.
• C. II and III, only.
• D. II, only.
• E. III, only.

Gabarito: D

Comentários

• d

   

• Escolha a(s) alternativa(s) correta(s) de acordo com o uso dos verbos modais.
  
  I. "We must go to school yesterday." - "Must go" indica tempo presente. "We must go to school" (Nós devemos ir à escola.). O advérbio "yesterday" (ontem) indica tempo passado. Logo, esta frase está incorreta.
  
  II. "I don't think she should buy that purse." (Eu não acho que ela deveria comprar aquela bolsa.) - Tempos verbais corretos. Frase correta.
  
  III. "She can to travel with us. " (Ela pode viajar conosco.) - A frase está incorreta pois após um verbo modal não se usa o infinitivo de um verbo com a partícula "to". O que é usado é o chamado "bare infinitive", ou seja, o infinitivo SEM a partícula "to". Logo, a frase correta seria: "She can travel with us."
  Obs. Na opção da prova o verbo "travel" está terminando em "i", mas isso está incorreto. O certo é terminar com  "l".
  
  Gabarito: Letra B.
  
  
  
  
  
  
  

• I - ERRADA :   

  Quando must é usado para indicar probabilidade no passado, usa-se have seguido do particípio do verbo principal:

  Michelle must have worked hard because she was exhausted.
  (A Michele deve ter trabalhado muito porque ela estava exausta.)

  That car must have cost a lot of money. (Aquele carro deve ter custado muito caro.)

  III - ERRADA: 

  Os verbos modais não existem na forma infinitiva, ou seja, não são precedidos pela partícula to (indicação de infinitivo) nem seguidos por ela, com exceção de ought to:

  She can play the violin. (Ela sabe tocar violino.)
  
  You must do the next tasks. 
  (Você deve fazer as próximas tarefas.)

• exatamente a mesma coisa que eu pensei.

Questão 1763068

• Banca: VUNESP
• Órgão: UNESP
• Ano: 2015
• Provas: VUNESP - 2015 - UNESP - Vestibular - Primeiro Semestre
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

                                    Genetically modified foods

      Genetically modified (GM) foods are foods derived from organisms whose genetic material (DNA) has been modified in a way that does not occur naturally, e.g. through the introduction of a gene from a different organism. Currently available GM foods stem mostly from plants, but in the future foods derived from GM microorganisms or GM animals are likely to be introduced on the market. Most existing genetically modified crops have been developed to improve yield, through the introduction of resistance to plant diseases or of increased tolerance of herbicides.

      In the future, genetic modification could be aimed at altering the nutrient content of food, reducing its allergenic potential, or improving the efficiency of food production systems. All GM foods should be assessed before being allowed on the market. FAO/WHO Codex guidelines exist for risk analysis of GM food.

                                                                                                                                    (www.who.int)

No trecho do segundo parágrafo “All GM foods should be assessed before being allowed on the market.”, o termo em destaque pode ser corretamente substituído, sem alteração de sentido, por

• A. could.
• B. has to.
• C. might.
• D. ought to.
• E. used to.

Gabarito: D

Comentários

• "Todos os alimentos transgênicos deveriam ser avaliados antes de serem colocados no mercado."
  
  Should e Ought to possuem basicamente o mesmo sentido, sendo ought to mais formal. Ambos expressam conselho, obrigação, dever.
  
  Ex: You should/ought to talk to her about this. (Você deveria falar com ela sobre isso.)You should /ought to stop smoking. (Você deveria parar de fumar.)Alternativa D
  
  

• ought to= deveria

• Ought To e Should as duas expressão ideia de conselho, dica

Questão 1792120

• Banca: BIO-RIO
• Órgão: IF-RJ
• Ano: 2015
• Provas: BIO-RIO - 2015 - IF-RJ - Secretário Executivo
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

TEXT 1

How to Deal with the Stress and Anxieties in the Public Relations Industry

Stress and anxiety are very common in today’s public relations industry. As a result, here is a list of techniques that a person can use to help manage the daily stresses and anxieties of their public relations industry profession.

Sometimes, we get stressed when everything happens all at once. When this happens, a person should take a deep breath and try to find something to do for a few minutes to get their mind off of the problem. A person could take a walk, listen to some music, read the newspaper or do an activity that will give them a fresh perspective on things.

When facing a current or upcoming task at your job that overwhelms you with a lot of anxiety, divide the task into a series of smaller steps and then complete each of the smaller tasks one at a time. Completing these smaller tasks will make the stress more manageable and increases your chances of success.

Challenge your negative thinking with positive statements and realistic thinking. When encountering thoughts that make you fearful or depressed, challenge those thoughts by asking yourself questions that will maintain objectivity and common sense. For example, you are afraid that if you do not get that job promotion then you will be stuck at your job forever. This depresses you; however your thinking in this situation is unrealistic. The fact of the matter is that there all are kinds of jobs available and just because you don’t get this job promotion doesn’t mean that you will never get one. In addition, people change jobs all the time, and you always have that option of going elsewhere if you are unhappy at your present location.

Remember that no one can predict the future with one hundred percent certainty. Even if the thing that you feared does happen there are circumstances and factors that you can’t predict which can be used to your advantage. […] Remember: We may be ninety-nine percent correct in predicting the future, but all it takes is for that one percent to make a world of difference.

(http://bprschicago.org/how-to-deal-with-the-stress-and-anxieties-in-the-public-relations-industry-2/)

As regards the content of the text, analyse the assertions below:

I - One way of administering stress is to do the task all at once and finish it up as fast as possible.

II- Upcoming situations cannot be wholly anticipated and controlled.

III- One should ask questions on thoughts that may cause anxiety.

IV- Even if unhappy with a job, one should keep it as jobs are hard to obtain.

The verb phrase in “a person should take a deep breath” implies:

• A. advice.
• B. ability
• C. obligation.
• D. permission.
• E. possibility.

Gabarito: A

Comentários

• O verbo modal Should expressa a ideia de recomendação , conselho .

  Portanto alternativa A  advice =  conselho

   

  Na Luta!!!  ;-)

Questão 1849879

• Banca: FATEC
• Órgão: FATEC
• Ano: 2010
• Provas: FATEC - 2010 - FATEC - Vestibular - Prova 1
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

A TOOL FOR SPIES

When Iran’s opposition protesters used Twitter and other forms of social media last year to let the world know about their regime’s brutal post election crackdown, activists praised Twitter as the tool of revolution and freedom. But now Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez has figured out how to twist this tool into one of repression. Though as recently as this past January Chávez was decrying Twitter as a weapon of terrorists, he’s since turned into an avid Twitterer himself ( his account, the country’s most popular, boasted more than half a million followers at press time ), as well as a devoted Facebook user and blogger.

      Far from embracing the democratic spirit of the Web, though, the Venezuelan strongman is using his accounts and blog to exhort people to spy on each other. At the launch of his Twitter account, Chávez enjoined the Boliviarian faithful to use it to keep an eye on state enemies, namely the wealthy. My Twitter account is open for you to denounce them, “ Chávez announced on his television program. El Presidente has hired a staff of 200 to deal with tweeted “requests, denunciations, and other problems,” which have resulted in actions against allegedly credit-stingy banks and currency speculators. He’s now considering going a step further and ruling that all Venezuelan Web sites must move from U.S.- based servers to domestic ones - which would, of course, make them far easier to control. Big Brother would be proud.

              (Newsweek – June 14, 2010. By Mac Margolis and Alex Marin)

O verbo auxiliar must em - ... and ruling that all Venezuelan Web sites must move from U.S.- based servers to domestic ones… - transmite a ideia de

• A. arrependimento.
• B. probabilidade.
• C. permissão.
• D. obrigação.
• E. conselho.

Gabarito: D

Comentários

• MUST --> OBRIGAÇÃO(ORDEM) OU PROIBIÇÃO OU DEDUÇÃO

Questão 1862218

• Banca: Aeronáutica
• Órgão: EEAR
• Ano: 2015
• Provas: Aeronáutica - 2015 - EEAR - Sargento da Aeronáutica - Aeronavegantes e Não Aeronavegantes (Turma 2)
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Select the correct modal verb that fills in the blank in the paragraph below.

Paul feels very sick and dizzy. I think he has been drinking all night again. He ____ get out of bed this morning.

• A. will
• B. must
• C. can’t
• D. could

Gabarito: C

Comentários

• Selecione o verbo modal correto que preenche o espaço no parágrafo abaixo.
  Paul se sente muito doente e tonto. Acho que ele bebeu a noite toda de novo. Ele não consegue sair da cama esta manhã.
  O modal verb can é usado para falar sobre habilidades e capacidades. 
  Na sentença acima, Paulo não é capaz de sair da cama. (can't)
  
  Gabarito do Professor: C
  
  

• Se ele está se sentindo muito mal, ele não vai sair da cama nessa manhã.

  É o que faz mais sentido

Questão 1874950

• Banca: IESES
• Órgão: BAHIAGÁS
• Ano: 2016
• Provas: IESES - 2016 - BAHIAGÁS - Técnico de Processos Tecnológicos - Tecnologia da Informação - Sistemas
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Passado progressivo | Past continuous; Presente simples | Simple present; Verbos frasais | Phrasal verbs; Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Read the sentences below:

I. John study engineering at my university.

II. Helene is going to live in London last year.

III. Pedro wishes he can read more this month.

IV. When I grew up, I want to be a jazz singer.

Choose the best alternative to replace the words underlined in the sentences above: 

• A. Is studying – went to – cannot – grow up.
• B. Studied – was going to – cannot – grown up.
• C. Studies – was going to – could – grow up.
• D. Studied – will – could – grow up.
• E. Studies – goes – could – grown up.

Gabarito: C

Comentários

• Leia as frases abaixo:
  
  I. John studies engineering at my university.
  II. Helene was going to live in London last year.
  III. Pedro wishes he could read more this month.
  IV. When I grow up, I want to be a jazz singer.
  
  Escolha a melhor alternativa para substituir as palavras sublinhadas nas frases acima:
  
  GABARITO: C
  

• I - She studieS.(3ªps)

  II- was------last year

  III- Coud --past can

  IV-When a grew up----(in the future) 

• c-

  I. John studies engineering at my university. - simple present denotes routine or facts, like something that happens regularly. 

  II. Helene was going to live in London last year. -simple past is used for an action that took place in the past with an explicit time period. 

  III. Pedro wishes he could read more this month. - the collocation is "wish + simple past" when one wants to express unfulfilled desires. 

  IV. When I grow up, I want to be a jazz singer. - future desires can be conveyed by the simple present, if it's not something on a schedule. 

Questão 1900831

• Banca: Marinha
• Órgão: ESCOLA NAVAL
• Ano: 2013
• Provas: Marinha - 2013 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 2° Dia
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Which is the correct option to complete the paragraph below?

"Lego releases a Star Wars themed animation in tribute to Father's Day in the UK, 16 June, Lego depict how Darth Vader and Luke Skywalker (1) ____ spend Father's Day, assuming they have buried their long-running feud - a trip to the theme park perhaps? Maybe a father-son fishing outing or just a good old game of catch?" 

(Adapted from http://www.guardian.co.uk) 

• A. might
• B. have to
• C. can't 
• D. must
• E. had to 

Gabarito: A

Comentários

• Não sei se entendi bem, mas, pelo que me parece:

  A situação coloca um parque temático da saga Star Wars. Dentro desse contexto, os personagens Luke Skywalker e Darth Vader, filho e pai, respectivamente (até onde lembro, faz tempo que não vejo), nunca possuíram o momento como o que é comum no dia dos pais. Então, a organização do local é feita de modo a proporcionar como SERIA, uma possibilidade, uma probabilidade de acontecer um dia dos pais entre os dois.

  Daí, dentro do contexto de possibilidade e analisando os modais, o único que me veio como mais coerente foi o might

  A

  EsPCEx 2022

• Amém.

  Que Deus continue te abençoando!!!!!!!

Questão 1933720

• Banca: Marinha
• Órgão: EFOMM
• Ano: 2014
• Provas: Marinha - 2014 - EFOMM - Oficial da Marinha Mercante - Primeiro dia
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Choose the alternative that correctly completes the sentences below.

1 - She ____ be married, she isn't old enough.

2 - Listen, children, you ____ finish the essay now if you don't want to.

3 - The neighbors ______ be at home, I saw the light on in their bedroom.

4 - You ___ take a taxi. There's a good bus service.

5 - Look at that sign. You _____ park here.

• A. can- have to – can't - ought to – shouldn't
• B. can't – should – don't have to – shouldn't – mustn't
• C. isn't allowed to – ought to – don't have to – should – don't have to
• D. can't – don't have to – must – don't have to – aren't allowed to
• E. must – can't – have to – mustn't – don't have to

Gabarito: D

Questão 1933819

• Banca: Marinha
• Órgão: EFOMM
• Ano: 2012
• Provas: Marinha - 2012 - EFOMM - Oficial da Marinha Mercante - Primeiro Dia; Marinha - 2012 - EFOMM - Oficial da Marinha Mercante - Segundo Dia
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

I’ve lost the key. I ought __________ it in a safe place.

• A. that I put
• B. to be putting
• C. to have put
• D. to put
• E. put

Gabarito: C

Comentários

• eu perdi minhas chaves. Eu espero ter colocado elas em um local seguro

  Exprimir expecativas é uma característica do Ought to (modal verb)

  portanto,como ele espera ter COLOCADO (passado) a chave num local seguro

  I ought to have put

Questão 1934056

• Banca: Marinha
• Órgão: EFOMM
• Ano: 2013
• Provas: Marinha - 2013 - EFOMM - Oficial da Marinha Mercante - Primeiro Dia
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Choose the correct alternative.

This is not installed correctly. They____________ my instructions.

• A. must misunderstand
• B. must have misunderstood
• C. should have misunderstood
• D. should misunderstand
• E. may understand

Gabarito: B

Comentários

• GAB:B

• Não poderia ser D? me ajudem pfv

• a unica que se encaixa é o "must have misunderstood" - devem ter entendido mal

  com o "should" viraria "deveriam ter entendido mal" o que não faz sentido na frase

Questão 1935511

• Banca: Marinha
• Órgão: EFOMM
• Ano: 2009
• Provas: Marinha - 2009 - EFOMM - Oficial da Marinha Mercante - Primeiro Dia
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

                           NATO ships, helicopters hunt down 7 pirates

      NAIROBI, Kenya - NATO warships and helicopters pursued Somali pirates for seven hours after they attacked a Norwegian tanker, NATO spokesmen said Sunday, and the high-speed chase only ended when warning shots were fired at the pirates' skiff. Seven pirates attempted to attack the Norwegian-flagged MV Front Ardenne late Saturday but fled after crew took evasive maneuvers and alerted warships in the area, said Portuguese Lt. Cmdr. Alexandre Santos Fernandes, aboard a warship in the Gulf of Aden, and Cmdr. Chris Davies, of NATais maritime headquarters in England.

      "How the attack was thwarted is unclear, it appears to have been the actions of the tanker," Davies said. Fernandes said no shots were fired at the tanker.

      Davies said the pirates sailed into the path of the Canadian warship Winnipeg, which was escorting a World Food Program delivery ship through the Gulf of Aden. The American ship USS Halyburton was also in the area and joined the chase. 

      "There was a lengthy pursuit, over seven hours," Davies said. The pirates hurled weapons into the dark seas as the Canadian and U.S. warships closed in. The ships are part of NATais anti-piracy mission.

      "The skiff abandoned the scene and tried to escape to Somali territory," Fernandes said. "It was heading toward Bossaso but we managed to track them. Warning shots have been made after several attempts to stop the vessel."

      Both ships deployed helicopters, and naval officers hailed the pirates over loudspeakers and finally fired warning shots to stop them, Fernandes said, but not before the pirates had dumped most of their weapons overboard. NATO forces boarded the skiff, where they found a rocketpropelled grenade, and interrogated, disarmed and released the pirates.

      The pirates cannot be prosecuted under Canadian law because they did not attack Canadian citizens or interests and the crime was not committed on Canadian territory.

      "When a ship is part of NATO, the detention of a person is a matter for the national authorities," Fernandes said. "It stops being a NATO issue and starts being a national issue." 

      The pirates' release underscores the difficulties navies have in fighting rampant piracy off the coast of lawless Somalia. Most of the time, foreign navies simply disarm and release the pirates they catch due to legal complications and logistical difficulties in transporting pirates and witnesses to court.

      Pirates have attacked more than 80 boats this year alone, four times the number assaulted in 2003, according to the Kuala Lumpur-based International Maritime Bureau. They now hold at least 18 ships - including a Belgian tanker seized Saturday with 10 crew aboard - and over 310 crew hostage, according to an Associated Press count.

                                                                                 (Adapted from: www.ap.org, 04/19/09) 

"People must be aware of the consequences of their actions. One can do whatever he pleases as long as he doesn't do harm to others. This may not be followed by many people, but it certainly should. If a person has many friends, he must know this already." The underlined modal verbs express:

• A. advice / permission / permission / advice / obligation
• B. advice / ability / permission / ability / obligation
• C. obligation / permission / possibility / advice / deduction
• D. obligation / ability / possibility / obligation / deduction
• E. deduction / ability / permission / obligation / obligation

Gabarito: C

Comentários

• C

• O Can não pede permissão

Questão 1936066

• Banca: Marinha
• Órgão: EFOMM
• Ano: 2011
• Provas: Marinha - 2011 - EFOMM - Oficial da Marinha Mercante - Primeiro Dia
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

EXTRACT 1

Japan’s shipyards remain intact after quake

Japan’s major shipyards escaped the full impact of the March 11 earthquake and tsunami that struck the northeastern coast of the country with full force. An official at the Japan Ship Exporters’ Association said the devastating natural disaster “will have no impact on future export ship orders at all”. Although several small shipyards in the quake-hit areas were affected, major Japanese shipyards that build large vessels for exports are concentrated in western Japan and remain intact, the official said. Mitsui Engineering & Shipbuilding sustained “slight material damages” in the company’s Kasai Center and Chiba Works but did not consider such slight damages would cause serious impact on operations. “The rotational schedule of interruption of power supply due to the earthquake may affect our operation at our works and subsidiaries. However, the degree of the impact is not known now,” the company said in a statement. Japanese export ship orders rose for the 15th consecutive month in February o a year-on-year basis. Japanese shipbuilders received orders for 277 export vessels – 259 bulk carriers, 10 oil tankers and eight general cargo vessels – in the April-February period.

                        (Adapted from: www.australianmerchantnavy.com, March 2011)

EXTRACT 2

Tsnunami Debris Expected on U.S. Shores in 3 Years

The powerful tsunami triggered by the 9.0 Japanese earthquake destroyed coastal towns near Sendai, washing such things as houses and cars into the ocean. Projections of where this debris might head have been made at the international Pacific Research Center, university of Hawaii at Manoa. What their model predicts about the tsunami debris is that they first spread out eastward from the Japan Coast in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. In a year, the Papahanaumokuakea Marine National Monument will see pieces washing up on its shores; in two years, the remaining Hawaiian islands will see some effects; in three years, the plume will reach the US West Coast, dumping debris on Californian beaches and the beaches of British Columbia, Alaska, and Baja California. The debris will then drift into the famous floating junk yard, the North Pacific Garbage Patch, where it will wander around and break into smaller and smaller pieces. In five years, Hawaii shores can expect to see another barrage of debris that is stronger and longer-lasting than the first one. Much of the debris leaving the North Pacific Garbage Patch ends up on Hawaii’s reefs and beaches. These model projections will help to guide clean-up and tracking operations.

                                                 (Adapted from: www.geog.ucsb.edu, April 2011)

Match the following sentences with the meaning expressed by the modal verb in each of them.

1. Rooms must be vacated by noon.

2. May I take a look at your newspaper?

3. John might have borrowed his partner’s computer.

4. If you are going to the forest, you ought to buy some mosquito repellent.

5. You must be joking! 

• A. obligation / permission / possibility / advice / deduction
• B. advice / ability / permission / ability / obligation
• C. advice / permission / permission / advice / obligation
• D. obligation / ability / possibility / obligation / deduction
• E. deduction / ability / permission / advice / obligation

Gabarito: A

Comentários

• Esse número está completamente errado !!! De acordo com ela eu tenho a abilidade de olhar no jornal kkkk olha só.

• Fui olhar o gabarito oficial, e é realmente E. Gente, por quê???? Não faz sentido!

• Tbm achei estranho

• GAB:E

• Esse gabarito foge de todas as regras, com certeza a letra correta é A, se eles n retrataram, deveriam.

• EFOMM né minha gente, erra na prova, no gabarito e nunca se retrata. O gabarito correto mesmo é A

• Colocaram going to? é serio?

Questão 1940884

• Banca: Marinha
• Órgão: ESCOLA NAVAL
• Ano: 2014
• Provas: Marinha - 2014 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 2° Dia
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Which is the correct option to complete the paragraph below?

China's recent rise has made people think that everyone ________ learn Mandarin. But China itself seems to have caught the English bug. Some 175 million Chinese are now studying English in the formal educational system.

(Adapted and abridged from Newsweek)

• A. ought
• B. must
• C. mustn't
• D. can't
• E. needs

Gabarito: B

Comentários

• GAB:B

• RECENTIMENTE NA CHHINA...... ACHA QUE DEVEMOS(MUST) FALAR MANDARIM

• O recente crescimento da ditadura da China fez as pessoas pensarem que TODO mundo _____ aprender ching ling

  Entendemos, pelo texto, que devemos aprender ching ling, é uma obrigação.

  Não pode ser negativa (C e D ), E até podemos pensar,mas nesse caso ele impõe a obrigatoriedade do aprendizado de ching ling

  A não é,pois não é um conselho, e sim uma obrigatoriedade,assim como tudo na ditadura chinesa kkkkkkkkk

  gabarito só pode ser letra B

• must- ( probabilidade e obrigaçao ou necessidade), expressando probabilidade quando temos uma evidencia do fato a que nos referimos. caso contrario, usa-se may ou might

• Ought - falta o "to" mustn't - obrigação can't - obrigação ou incapacidade

Questão 1940899

• Banca: Marinha
• Órgão: ESCOLA NAVAL
• Ano: 2014
• Provas: Marinha - 2014 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 2° Dia
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

In which alternative is the idea expressed by the modal verb INCORRECTLY stated in brackets?

• A. In China, there might be 10 million teenage internet addicts. (Possibility)
• B. It must be hard for him to work and study at the same time. (Obligation)
• C.  You mustn't park here or you'll receive a fine. (Prohibition) 
• D. Could you lend me your book for a week? (Request)
• E. If you're getting fat you should go on a diet. (Advice)

Gabarito: B

Comentários

• GAB;B

Questão 1956541

• Banca: Aeronáutica
• Órgão: EEAR
• Ano: 2016
• Provas: Aeronáutica - 2016 - EEAR - Sargento da Aeronáutica - Controle de Tráfego Aéreo (Turma 1)
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Read the sentences and write T for the correct matching between the phrasal verb and the meaning or F for the incorrect matching:

( ) May I close the door? It is too cold. (ask for permission)

( ) Nobody answers the phone. They must be busy. (obligation)

( ) She should talk to him to apologize. (suggestion)

( ) They might not come for dinner. (prohibition)

Choose the correct alternative:

• A. T – F – T – F
• B. T – T – F – T
• C. T – F – F – F
• D. F – F – T – T

Gabarito: A

Comentários

• (  ) Posso fechar a porta? Está muito frio. (pedir permissão).  O verbo modal may é usado para  permissão.
  (  ) Ninguém atende o telefone. Eles devem estar ocupados. (obrigação).  Aqui o verbo modal must tem o sentido de conclusão por dedução.
  (  ) Ela deveria falar com ele para pedir desculpas. (sugestão). O verbo modal should expressa sugestão, recomendação.
  (  ) Eles podem não vir para o jantar. (proibição). O verbo modal might,na sentença, expressa probabilidade. 
  Portanto, a primeira e terceira sentenças  estão corretas. Alternativa A

• Dentro dos contextos:

  may = permission

  must = probability

  should = suggestion (modal de mae, conselho...)

  might = ability

•  a) T – F – T – F 

• GAB:A

Questão 1958716

• Banca: Aeronáutica
• Órgão: EEAR
• Ano: 2016
• Provas: Aeronáutica - 2016 - EEAR - Sargento da Aeronáutica - Aeronavegantes e Não Aeronavegantes (Turma 1)
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

In the sentence “We mustn’t enter the party. It’s private”, the modal verb in bold type expresses

• A. request
• B. obligation
• C. prohibition
• D. lack of ability

Gabarito: C

Comentários

• 
  Must é usado para expressar obrigação e dedução (quando usado na afirmativa) e proibição (quando usado na negativa):
  
  Na frase "Nós não devemos entrar na festa. É particular ", o verbo modal em negrito expressa:
  
  
  A) pedido
  B) obrigação
  C) proibição
  D) falta de capacidade
  Alternativa C
  
  
  

• ''Nós não devemos (mustn't) entrar na festa. É particular.''
   

  É uma proibição.

   

  Gabarito C

• GAB:C

• na forma afirmativa: Must = obrigação

  na forma negativa: Mustn´t = proibição

Questão 1979038

• Banca: Aeronáutica
• Órgão: EEAR
• Ano: 2009
• Provas: Aeronáutica - 2009 - EEAR - Sargento da Aeronáutica - Grupos de Especialidades - I e II (Turma 1)
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

In “Mary, please, don’t speak to Peter so angrily. You shouldn’t be so impatient with him. He’s just a child”, the underlined word expresses

• A. advice.
• B. opinion.
• C. necessity.
• D. obligation.

Gabarito: X

Comentários

• vc chegou até aqui né, vc é muito brabooo!!!

  vou te mandar apostilas de português e de exercicios

  leonardo_ bisppo; meu instagram, chamaaa

Questão 1979068

• Banca: Aeronáutica
• Órgão: EEAR
• Ano: 2009
• Provas: Aeronáutica - 2009 - EEAR - Sargento da Aeronáutica - Grupos de Especialidades - I e II (Turma 1)
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Chandra is a dentist in Texas. She is from India. “I’m afraid to try new foods because they might contain beef.

I’m a Hindu, and my religion forbids me to eat meat from the cow. That’s why I can’t eat hamburgers or spaghetti with meatballs.”  

The modal verb, underlined in the extract, expresses

• A. advice.
• B. ability.
• C. possibility.
• D. permission.

Gabarito: C

Comentários

• Might expressa apenas possibilidade

• GAB:C

Questão 1985257

• Banca: VUNESP
• Órgão: PM-SP
• Ano: 2011
• Provas: VUNESP - 2011 - PM-SP - Aspirante da Polícia Militar
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Police and Human Rights – Manual for Police Training

How can respecting human rights help the police?

Respect for human rights by law enforcement agencies actually enhances the effectiveness of those agencies. Where human rights are systematically respected, police officers have developed professionalism in their approaches to solving and preventing crime and maintaining public order. In this sense, respect for human rights by police is, in addition to being a moral, legal and ethical imperative, also a practical requirement for law enforcement. When the police are seen to respect, uphold and defend human rights:

• Public confidence is built and community cooperation fostered.

• Legal prosecutions are successful in court.

• Police are seen as part of the community, performing a valuable social function.

• The fair administration of justice is served, and, consequently, confidence in the system.

• An example is set for respect for the law by others in the society.

• Police are able to be closer to the community, and, therefore, in a position to prevent and solve crimes through proactive policing.

• Support is elicited from the media, from the international community, and from higher authorities.

• A contribution is made to the peaceful resolution of conflicts and complaints.

An effective police service is one that serves as the first line of defense in the protection of human rights. Its members carry out their work in a way, which does not rely upon fear and raw power but, on the contrary, is based on regard for the law, honor, and professionalism.

What role does training play in protecting human rights?

The effective training of police in human rights is an essential element in the global efforts to promote and protect human rights in every country. In order to protect human rights, the police must first know and understand them. Furthermore, police officers must be familiar with the various international guidelines and bodies of principles – such as the Code of Conduct for law enforcement officials and the principles on the use of force and firearms – and be able to use them as tools in their everyday work. They must understand the fact that international human rights standards concerning their work were developed to provide invaluable guidance for the performance of their crucial functions in a democratic society. However, police officers in the line of duty should know not only what the rules are, but also how to do their job effectively within the confines of those rules.

Doesn’t concern for human rights hinder effective police work?

Most people have heard the argument that respect for human rights is somehow opposed to effective law enforcement. And effective law enforcement means to capture the criminal. And to secure his conviction, it is necessary to “bend the rules” a little. A tendency to use overwhelming force in controlling demonstrations, physical pressure to extract information from detainees, or excessive force to secure an arrest can be observed now and then. In this way of thinking, law enforcement is a war against crime, and human rights are merely obstacles thrown in the path of the police by lawyers and NGOs. In fact, violations of human rights ––– 78––– police only make the already challenging task of law enforcement ––– 79––– . When the law enforcer ––– 80––– the lawbreaker, the result is an assault on human dignity, on the law itself and on all institutions of public authority. 

(G. Kalajdziev, et al. www.humanrights.dk. Adaptado.)

No trecho – However, police officers in the line of duty should know not only what the rules are – a palavra should pode ser substituída, sem alteração de sentido, por

• A. might.
• B. would.
• C. ought to.
• D. will.
• E. does.

Gabarito: C

Comentários

• should PODE SER CARACTERIZADO COMO UM CONSELHO OU EXPECTATIVA, SENDO ASSIM EU POSSO SUBSTITUIR POR OUGHT TO, QUE A MESMA COISA QUE CONSELHO

  GAB. C

• Significa ‘deveria’. Pode ainda expressão uma obrigação moral.

  Ex.: You should study more. (conselho)

  You are sick. You should stay home. (obrigação moral)

  * Should = Ought to / had better / be supposed to

Questão 1992187

• Banca: Aeronáutica
• Órgão: EEAR
• Ano: 2011
• Provas: Aeronáutica - 2011 - EEAR - Sargento da Aeronáutica - Grupos de Especialidades - I e II
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

“The chocolate analysis must start with the visual aspect. A bar, for instance, has to be uniform, quite flat and bright. A whitish aspect is not a good sign, that means it remained on the shelf and melted,” explains the confectioner.

(Taken from TAM magazine # 38)

GLOSSARY

whitish – esbranquiçado

melted – derretido

The modal verb “must”, in the paragraph, expresses

• A. intention.
• B. necessity.
• C. deduction.
• D. strong obligation.

Gabarito: B

Comentários

• GAB:B

• mal elaborada

Questão 1997932

• Banca: Aeronáutica
• Órgão: EEAR
• Ano: 2015
• Provas: Aeronáutica - 2015 - EEAR - Sargento da Aeronáutica - Aeronavegantes e Não Aeronavegantes (Turma 1)
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Child: Mom, uncle Tom looks so sleepy and tired.

Mom: He may have stayed up all night. 

“May”, in bold type in the dialogue, expresses

• A. impossibility.
• B. possibility.
• C. permission.
• D. certainty.

Gabarito: B

Comentários

• GAB B

  Nesse contexto o may indica uma possibilidade

• DECORA ISSO, MAY QUANDO VEM INDICANDO PERMISSION A FRASE E INTERROGATIVA, QUASE SEMPRE.

  MAY SO PODE SER; PERMISSION E POSSIBILITY

Questão 2003920

• Banca: Aeronáutica
• Órgão: EEAR
• Ano: 2012
• Provas: Aeronáutica - 2012 - EEAR - Sargento da Aeronáutica - Aeronavegantes e Não-Aeronavegantes
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Angry Birds

Angry Birds are fat and round. Angry Birds cannot fly. But Angry Birds are superstars. Millions of people around the world are addicted to them. It’s the number one game for smartphones.

                                                                      (Adapted from Speak Up # 295) 

GLOSSARY

addicted to – viciado em 

The affirmative form of the underlined modal verb, in the paragraph, expresses

• A. obligation.
• B. necessity.
• C. advice.
• D. ability.

Gabarito: D

Comentários

• GAB:D

• CAN SO PODE; POSSIBILITY,PERMISSION,ABILITY E REQUEST

  BASTA DECORAR ISSO QUE VC MATA AS QUESTOES DA EEAR

Questão 2035447

• Banca: Exército
• Órgão: IME
• Ano: 2013
• Provas: Exército - 2013 - IME - Quadro de Engenheiro Militar - Português e Inglês
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Para a questão, escolha a alternativa que complete a sentença corretamente:

Don’t be ridiculous! That man _______________ possibly be Barrack Obama!

• A. mustn’t
• B. can’t
• C. shouldn’t
• D. won’t
• E. doesn’t

Gabarito: B

Comentários

• O possibly ao lado se refere a possibilidade, o único modal verb que retrata possibilidade é o CAN'T

• GAB:B

Questão 2074552

• Banca: Marinha
• Órgão: ESCOLA NAVAL
• Ano: 2016
• Provas: Marinha - 2016 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 2° Dia
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Which is the correct option to complete the excerpt below?

The Legacy of Hartlepool Hall

' [...] Where did you get this recipe for roast chicken, my dear? Quite delicious.'

'It's the same thing we have every day, Daddy,' replied Annabel.

Is it really? It tastes quite different this week. Do you have a good cook at Hartlepool Hall, Edward? Is Mrs. Horton still there? But she ______ be. She ______ be dead by now. '

(TORDAY, Paul. The Legacy of Hartlepool Hall. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2012 . )

• A. might not /can't
• B. can't /will
• C. can't /must
• D. shouldn't/mustn't
• E. shouldn't /can't

Gabarito: C

Comentários

• Qual é a opção correta para completar o extrato abaixo?
  O legado de Hartlepool Hall
    '[...] De onde você tirou essa receita de frango assado, minha querida? Muito delicioso.
         - É a mesma coisa que temos todos os dias, papai - respondeu Annabel.
    - Verdade? Está com um gosto muito diferente esta semana. Você tem um bom cozinheiro no Hartlepool Hall, Edward? A Sra. Horton ainda está lá? Mas  não pode ser ela . Ela deve estar morta agora. '
  O verbo modal "can" é usado para permissão e habilidade. Na sentença ele esta sendo usado na negativa. (can't)
  O "must" é usado para obrigação e dedução. No contexto acima, foi usado como dedução. "Ela deve estar morta." 
  Alternativa C.

• But she ______ be. She ______ be dead by now. 

  MAS ELA --------- E. ELA--------ESTA MORTA

  USA-SE CAN,T E MUST

• questão trágica kkkkkkkkkk

Questão 2173849

• Banca: Aeronáutica
• Órgão: EEAR
• Ano: 2016
• Provas: Aeronáutica - 2016 - EEAR - Sargento da Aeronáutica - Controle de Tráfego Aéreo; Aeronáutica - 2016 - EEAR - Sargento da Aeronáutica - Guarda e Segurança
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Read the text and answer question.

Sam’s adventure

    It’s a very hot Texas night; 35ºC! Sam can’t sleep. He’s hot and he’s hungry. He goes to the kitchen. He cooks some fried bananas. But he forgets to turn off the gas. He leaves the kitchen and goes to the pool. His parents are asleep; they don’t know about his adventure.

    He’s in the water-alone!

    Mmm, It’s cool! Suddenly he gets cramp in his legs and he can’t swim. He looks at the house and it’s on fire. Sam’s parents are in there and he must help them. He is desperate.

The word “must”, in bold, in the text, indicate

• A. ability
• B. necessity
• C. permission
• D. suggestion

Gabarito: B

Comentários

• Análise das alternativas:
  
  Letters A, C and D are not correct because the word taken from the text (must) is not used to indicate ability, permission or suggestion.
  
  As alternativas A, C e D não estão corretas pois a palavra retirada do texto (must) não é usada para indicar habilidade, permissão ou sugestão.
  
  Gabarito do professor: Letra B
  
  Letter B is correct because the word must indicates a need or a duty that someone has to fulfill.
  
  A letra B está correta pois a palavra must indica uma necessidade ou dever que alguém tem a cumprir.
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  

•  b) necessity

• GAB:B

• MUST EXPRESSA NECESSICIDADE EM FRASES NO PRESENTE, SOMENTE ISSO!!!

Questão 2179645

• Banca: FUMARC
• Órgão: CEMIG-TELECOM
• Ano: 2016
• Provas: FUMARC - 2016 - CEMIG-TELECOM - Analista de Vendas JR
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Read the following text and choose the option which best completes the question, according to the text:

Think your world view is fixed? Learn another language and you’ll think differently

Bilinguals get all the advantages. Better job prospects, cognitive improvement, and even protection against dementia. Now new research shows that they can also view the world in different ways depending on the language they are operating in.

In the past fifteen years there has been an overwhelming amount of research on the bilingual mind, with the majority of the evidence pointing to the tangible advantages of using more than one language. Going back and forth between languages appears to be a kind of brain training, pushing your brain to be flexible.

Just as regular exercise gives your body some biological benefits, mentally controlling two or more languages gives your brain cognitive benefits. This mental flexibility pays big dividends especially later in life: the typical signs of cognitive ageing occur later in bilinguals – and the onset of age-related degenerative disorders such as dementia or Alzheimer’s are delayed in bilinguals by up to five years.

People self-report that they feel like a different person when using their different languages and that expressing certain emotions carries different emotional resonance depending on the language they are using.

When judging risk, bilinguals also tend to make more rational, economic decisions in a second language. In contrast to one’s first language, it tends to lack the deep-seated, misleading affective biases that unduly influence how risks and benefits are perceived. So the language you speak in really can affect the way you think.

(From: https://goo.gl/GYgpfY. Access: 09/23/2016)

The modal verb can in “they can also view the world…” (paragraph 1) conveys the idea of

• A. certainty.
• B. obligation.
• C. permission.
• D. possibility.

Gabarito: D

Comentários

• Can significa = posso

  logo é uma possibilidade

   

  letra D

• Agora, novas pesquisas mostram que eles também podem ver o mundo de maneiras diferentes, dependendo da linguagem(idioma) em que estão operando(utilizando).

• Os verbos modais (modal verbs) podem ser chamados também de modal auxiliaries ou apenas modals. São eles:

  can - could - may - might - must - shall - will - should - ought to - would

   

  No geral, poderíamos dizer que a maioria dos modals equivale a poder e dever. Em Português, tanto um quanto outro podem expressar situações diversas. Em Inglês, porém, para cada situação há um modal mais adequado.

  Observe alguns exemplos de ideias que os verbos modais podem expressar:

  May I use your umbrella? (Permissão)
  (Posso usar seu guarda-chuva?)

  He may be in the library. (Possibilidade)
  (Ele pode estar na biblioteca.)

  Sorry, I can not understand what you are saying. (Capacidade)
  (Desculpa, não consigo entender o que você está dizendo.)

  The students must behave as I say. (Obrigação)
  (Os alunos devem se comportar como eu digo.)

  She must be very busy, since she has three children, a job and a house to take care. (Suposição)
  (Ela deve ser muito ocupada, já que tem três filhos, um emprego e uma casa para cuidar.)

  Shall we go for a drink after work? (Convite)
  (Vamos tomar um drinque depois do trabalho?)

  Can I leave now? (Permissão - Tom informal)
  (Posso sair agora?)

  Could I leave now? (Permissão - Tom formal)
  (Eu poderia sair agora?)

  It is late, you should go home. (Conselho)
  (É tarde, você devia ir para casa.)

  She can arrive after dinner. (Possibilidade)
  (Ela pode chegar depois do jantar.)

  She must be at the beauty salon. (Dedução)
  (Ela deve estar no salão de beleza.)

  You should see a dentist. (Conselho)
  (Você devia ir a um dentista.)

  http://www.solinguainglesa.com.br/conteudo/ModalVerbs1.php

Questão 2183812

• Banca: Prefeitura do Rio de Janeiro - RJ
• Órgão: Prefeitura de Rio de Janeiro - RJ
• Ano: 2010
• Provas: Prefeitura do Rio de Janeiro - RJ - 2010 - Prefeitura de Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Professor I - Inglês
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Answer question according to TEXT 1 below, adapted from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/8606466.stm (accessed on April 7th, 2010) .

TEXT 1

At least 200 people have died in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro after another storm. This is arguably the worst torrential rain for decades, causing flooding and landslides. Our website readers in Rio de Janeiro have been sharing their experiences.

Comment 1 - I’ve never seen such chaos. We weren’t prepared for this, even though we were warned that a big storm was about to come. Newspapers are saying that the reason for the catastrophe is the garbage. Well it may have been. We need to teach recycling at schools and community groups, otherwise we will have more disasters like this. (Lia, Niterói)

Comment 2 - Today I witnessed Rio de Janeiro on the brink of collapse. I ventured out around midday, just as the electric power blacked out in my neighbourhood. Three hours later, looking out of my office window, the city still reminded me of a war zone. “What´ve we done to deserve this?”, I thought. It’s night time now and I haven’t been able to return home. I might do so tomorrow. (José, Rio)

Comment 3 - Worldwide, we are seeing more and more climate instability. The deserts of central Asia are growing, while areas of the US (and now Rio) are drenched. The lakes in Minnesota have never thawed this early, at any time in the recorded record. The icecaps will be history, and islands around the world are disappearing under the surf. The oceans are warming, the coral reefs are dying. How much more evidence do we need of global warming? (João, Brasília)

The modals may in “Well it may have been” (Comment 1) and might in “I might do so tomorrow” (Comment 2) suggest that the writer is:

• A. implying volition
• B. voicing suspicion
• C. exercising discretion
• D. making a prediction

Gabarito: D

Comentários

• A) implying volition - This is not correct because this refers to an action of making a conscious choice or decision.
  
  Esta resposta não está correta pois se refere a uma escolha ou decisão consciente.
  
  B) voicing suspicion - This is not correct because the idea here is that a person is having a feeling, thinking or believing that someone is guilty of something.
  
  Esta resposta não está correta pois a ideia aqui é de que uma pessoa tem o sentimento, pensamento ou crença de que alguém é culpado de algo.
  
  C) exercising discretion - This is not correct because the idea is that someone has the right or ability to make a judgment or decision.
  
  Esta resposta não está correta pois passa a ideia de que alguém tem o direito ou habilidade de fazer um julgamento ou tomar uma decisão.
  
  Resposta: D
  
  This is correct because these people use information from a text and their own personal experience to anticipate what it is about to happen.
  
  Esta resposta está correta pois essas pessoas usam a informação de um texto  e sua experiência pessoal para se antecipar ao que está prestes a acontecer.
  
  
  
  
  
  

• "making a prediction" of something that already happened? (in the case of comment 1).

Questão 2183866

• Banca: Prefeitura do Rio de Janeiro - RJ
• Órgão: Prefeitura de Rio de Janeiro - RJ
• Ano: 2010
• Provas: Prefeitura do Rio de Janeiro - RJ - 2010 - Prefeitura de Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Professor I - Inglês
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Based on TEXT 2, a fictional blog, answer question

TEXT 2

I do realize that in the world of technology there are early and late adopters. I’m not the earliest of cutting-edge early TESL adopters, but I do like to try out new technology and incorporate it into my teaching. This list is a handful of technologies that are established enough not to be too problematic, user-friendly enough that just about anyone can start using them quickly, and useful enough that you’ll soon wonder how you got along without them. In short, this is a list of tech that just about everyone can (and maybe even should) be using in 2010.

1. Wikipedia – It has become popular to question its accuracy. Wikipedia has become a real knowledge bank on the internet. Once we figure out what it is (a compilation of all referenced knowledge) many of these criticisms fall down. Access to all this information means a reorganization of learning.

2. Google – No, I don’t just mean search, but all the other stuff: maps, docs, calendar, etc. It’s never been so easy to collaborate with other people.

3. Twitter – A year ago, I taught a course through Twitter with mixed results. This microblog is almost exclusively interactive, but my ESL students found it tough to collaborate within Twitter because of its constraints on length. The email by contrast, is very simple – it is equally interactive but it is constraint free. So, you should use it and you should see interesting results !

Can you learn the language by using the above alone? Of course not! But they are a good springboard and I hope they lead you to discover all other media available out there (ebooks, blogs, YouTube videos, music, movies, etc.).

More web in the pipeline. Please post a comment.

The functions of the modal verb “should” in “So, you should use it and you should see interesting results” are:

• A. exactly the same
• B. obligation and intention
• C. recommendation and possibility
• D. advice and certainty

Gabarito: C

Comentários

• Letters A, B and D are not correct because they don't give us the correct meaning for the use of should in this sentence.
  
  As letras A, B e D não estão corretas pois elas não nos dão o significado correto do uso do should nessa frase.
  
  Resposta:  C
  
  This is correct because when you say "you should use it" you are recommending something, and when you say "you should see interesting results" you are talking about a possibility.
  
  Esta resposta está correta pois quando dizemos "you should use it" estamos recomendando algo, e quando dizemod "you should see interesting results" estamos falando de uma possibilidade de algo acontecer.
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  

Questão 2190169

• Banca: NUCEPE
• Órgão: Prefeitura de Teresina - PI
• Ano: 2016
• Provas: NUCEPE - 2016 - Prefeitura de Teresina - PI - Professor - Língua Inglesa
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

TEXT 04

__________________________________

     As (1) ______ result of the new information technologies and computer-mediated communications, contemporary communication has become highly multimodal moving, particularly, towards the extensive use of (2) _______image, while meaning is inevitably derived from ways that are multimodal. Nowadays, almost all texts consist of visual elements, which in combination with language hold a prominent role in conveying the essential information. In this context, people, especially youths, are exposed to (3) _______ variety of multimodal texts, such as video games, websites, picture books, school textbooks, magazine articles, advertisements, and graphic novels - that involve a complex interplay of written text, visual images, graphics, and design elements.

    As a consequence of (4) _______ above social changes, the field of education, in particular, the teaching and learning of languages has been influenced, as the traditional literacy pedagogy, which emphasizes language as a central means of meaning, has been challenged to expand beyond the skills of encoding and decoding texts. In this way, educators should draw on the Multiliteracies framework and reconsider their instructional approaches in order to familiarize students, especially, foreign language learners, with the multimodal approach by accentuating the interplay of language and image that are present in conventional and electronic texts.

Source: adapted from https://www.academia.edu/6247350/Strategic_re ading_in_multimodal_EFL_texts. Access: March 24^th , 2016.

Considering the excerpt taken from the text 04 "In this way, educators should draw on the Multiliteracies framework and reconsider their instructional approaches in order to familiarize students..." (lines 28 to 31), answer the question.

The modal verb “should” brings the idea of:

• A. probability.
• B. necessity.
• C. deduction.
• D. reccomendation.
• E. prohibition.

Gabarito: D

Comentários

• d-

   

  "Should" is used to make recommendations or give advice. 

Questão 2194522

• Banca: INSTITUTO AOCP
• Órgão: CASAN
• Ano: 2016
• Provas: INSTITUTO AOCP - 2016 - CASAN - Analista de Sistema - Desenvolvimento de Sistemas
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Words that went extinct

By Kimberly Joki

    Dictionaries incorporate new words every year. Some are pop culture inventions like jeggings, photobomb, and meme. Other words, like emoji and upvote, spring up from technology and social media. Dictionaries respond by creating definitions for anyone who cares to know what a twitterer is. And thank goodness they do; you can learn what an eggcorn is simply by turning a few pages in your trusty updated dictionary.

    Interestingly, not all newly added words are recent developments. The Oxford English Dictionary June 2015 new words list included autotune, birdhouse, North Korean, and shizzle! North Korea was founded in 1948. The initial release of the autotuner audio processor was in 1997. Before adding a slang term like shizzle, dictionary publishers weigh the current popularity, predicted longevity, and other factors. Just this year alone, the Merriam-Webster Dictionary welcomed about 1,700 new arrivals.

    With more and more words coined every year, dictionaries couldn’t possibly add them all to their existing word banks. Can you imagine a dictionary containing all the words ever used in English? It would be impossible to lift! With each yearly edit, dictionary editors must discard some words to make room for new ones.

    (…)

    The Sami languages, spoken in Finland, Norway, and Sweden, reportedly include more than 150 words related to snow and ice. In the 1590s, the English language had a word for recently melted snow—snowbroth. Now, English speakers simply call it water or melted snow. In fact, words that are markedly specific seem more vulnerable to extinction. A 19th-century dictionary included Englishable, a term to describe how appropriate a word is for the English language. However, English is a dynamic language, always accepting and abandoning words. Apparently, Englishable itself isn’t Englishable; it’s now obsolete.

    Do you favor any infrequently used words? If so, use them now and often. . . A word’s best defense against extinction is regular use.

(Source: http://www.grammarly.com/blog/2015/words-that-went-extinct/)

Observe the following excerpt: “(…) dictionary editors must discard some words to make room for new ones.” Mark the alternative that best describes the verb must.

• A. It is a modal verb which indicates dictionaries are obliged to discard words from their banks.
• B. It is a modal verb which indicates dictionaries don’t need to discard words from their banks.
• C. It is a modal verb which indicates dictionaries may discard words from their banks or not.
• D. It is a phrasal verb which means dictionaries have the possibility to discard words from their banks.
• E. It is a phrasal verb which means dictionaries intend to discard words from their banks sometimes.

Gabarito: A

Comentários

• -a

  The modal verb "must" indicates a strong requirement, to the point that something isn't optional, it's mandatory. It's used to imply that the speaker has quite an important duty to accomplish and it should not be left unattended or neglected lest some form of penalty or unwanted outcome is incurred. 

  No estudo dos modal verbs, must é o que indica obrigação. Na ordem de importância geralmente a ordem é:

  must > ought to > have to > should > may/might

• “(…) dictionary editors must discard some words to make room for new ones.”

   

  "editores de dicionário devem descartar algumas palavras para abrir espaço para novas"

   

• Must é um verbo modal. Já elimina a D e E.

  "must discard" significa deve descartar ( obrigação/dever ), então:

  a letra B diz que "don’t need to discard" ou seja, não precisam, então elimina

  a letra C diz que "may discard" ou seja, pode descartar, mas a questão pede uma obrigação e não apenas uma escolha.

  Resta somente a letra A, que diz "are obliged to discard" ou seja, são obrigados a descartar

• (A)

  São verbos modais: 

  Can (pode).

  Could (poderia).

  May (pode, poderia).

  Might(pode, poderia).

  Should (deveria).

  Must (deve).

  Ought to (precisa).

  Used to(costumava).

  Can: pode ser usado para expressar permissão, habilidade.

Questão 2230828

• Banca: BIO-RIO
• Órgão: ETAM
• Ano: 2011
• Provas: BIO-RIO - 2011 - ETAM - Curso de Formação de Técnicos - 1º Semestre
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

                                                            TEXT II

                                                  Why Join the Navy?

The Navy experience can shape your future through outstanding financial benefits, unparalleled career potential, and the lifestyle of freedom and personal growth that you’ve been waiting for.

(from http://www.navy.com/navy/) 

 The underlined word in “The Navy experience can shape your future” indicates a(n):

• A. obligation;
• B. capacity;
• C. prohibition;
• D. permission.

Gabarito: B

Comentários

• (B)

  "The Navy experience can shape your future"

  Ou seja capacidade de mudar o futuro do interessado.

Questão 2257948

• Banca: IESES
• Órgão: BAHIAGÁS
• Ano: 2016
• Provas: IESES - 2016 - BAHIAGÁS - Técnico de Processos Tecnológicos - Tecnologia da Informação - Infraestrutura
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Passado progressivo | Past continuous; Passado simples | Simple past; Presente simples | Simple present; Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Read the sentences below:

I. John study engineering at my university.

II. Helene is going to live in London last year.

III. Pedro wishes he can read more this month.

IV. When I grew up, I want to be a jazz singer.

Choose the best alternative to replace the words underlined in the sentences above: 

• A. Studies – was going to – could – grow up.
• B. Studied – will – could – grow up.
• C. Studies – goes – could – grown up.
• D. Is studying – went to – cannot – grow up.
• E. Studied – was going to – cannot – grown up.

Gabarito: A

Comentários

• Desconsiderando o erro do "was going to + to" parece ser a A mesmo. 

• WAS GOING TO ==> é usado para planos que não deram certo.

• was going to + to  erro gave na questão. Minha opinião.

• Was going.......last year

  Também achei bem estranho

• Questão básica de tempos verbais, vamos ao enunciado:

  Leia as sentenças abaixo e escolha a melhor alternativa para substituir as palavras sublinhadas nas frases acima:

  I. John study engineering at my university = John estuda engenharia na minha universidade.

  Na terceira pessoa do singular (he, she e it) usamos o verbo no infinitivo sem "to" acrescido de "s" no final do verbo. Os verbos terminados e "y" após uma consoante, trocamos o "y" "por "i" e acrescentamos "es". Ex: try - tries, study - studies.

  II. Helene is going to live in London last year = Helene vai morar em Londres no ano passado.

  O advérbio "last year" está no passado e o verbo deve concordar com tempo no passado. (was going to)

  III. Pedro wishes he can read more this month = Pedro wishes he can read more this month.

  A estrutura gramatical "wish" é usada quando expressamos um desejo sobre o presente, algo que não é da forma que nós gostaríamos. Nesse caso, usamos a estrutura: Wish + frase com verbo no passado. O passado de can é could.

  IV. When I grew up, I want to be a jazz singer = Quando eu crescer (grow up), quero ser cantor de jazz.

  Dessa forma, a alternativa correta é:

  A) Correta - Studies – was going to – could – grow up.

  B) Incorreta - Studied – will – could – grow up.

  C) Incorreta - Studies – goes – could – grown up.

  D) Incorreta - Is studying – went to – cannot – grow up.

  E) Incorreta - Studied – was going to – cannot – grown up.

  Gabarito: A

Questão 2272189

• Banca: INSTITUTO AOCP
• Órgão: CASAN
• Ano: 2016
• Provas: INSTITUTO AOCP - 2016 - CASAN - Analista de Sistemas - Administração Banco de Dados
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

                                                            Words that went extinct

                                                                                                                                           By Kimberly Joki

Dictionaries incorporate new words every year. Some are pop culture inventions like jeggings, photobomb, and meme. Other words, like emoji and upvote, spring up from technology and social media. Dictionaries respond by creating definitions for anyone who cares to know what a twitterer is. And thank goodness they do; you can learn what an eggcorn is simply by turning a few pages in your trusty updated dictionary.

    Interestingly, not all newly added words are recent developments. The Oxford English Dictionary June 2015 new words list included autotune, birdhouse, North Korean, and shizzle! North Korea was founded in 1948. The initial release of the autotuner audio processor was in 1997. Before adding a slang term like shizzle, dictionary publishers weigh the current popularity, predicted longevity, and other factors. Just this year alone, the Merriam-Webster Dictionary welcomed about 1,700 new arrivals.

    With more and more words coined every year, dictionaries couldn’t possibly add them all to their existing word banks. Can you imagine a dictionary containing all the words ever used in English? It would be impossible to lift! With each yearly edit, dictionary editors must discard some words to make room for new ones.

(…)

    The Sami languages, spoken in Finland, Norway, and Sweden, reportedly include more than 150 words related to snow and ice. In the 1590s, the English language had a word for recently melted snow—snowbroth. Now, English speakers simply call it water or melted snow. In fact, words that are markedly specific seem more vulnerable to extinction. A 19th-century dictionary included Englishable, a term to describe how appropriate a word is for the English language. However, English is a dynamic language, always accepting and abandoning words. Apparently, Englishable itself isn’t Englishable; it’s now obsolete.

    Do you favor any infrequently used words? If so, use them now and often. . . A word’s best defense against extinction is regular use.

(Source: http://www.grammarly.com/blog/2015/words-that-went-extinct/)

Observe the following excerpt: “(…) dictionary editors must discard some words to make room for new ones.” Mark the alternative that best describes the verb must. 

• A. It is a modal verb which indicates dictionaries are obliged to discard words from their banks.
• B. It is a modal verb which indicates dictionaries don’t need to discard words from their banks.
• C. It is a modal verb which indicates dictionaries may discard words from their banks or not.
• D. It is a phrasal verb which means dictionaries have the possibility to discard words from their banks.
• E. It is a phrasal verb which means dictionaries intend to discard words from their banks sometimes.

Gabarito: A

Comentários

• Gabarito: A.

   

  'Must' indica obrigação, dever.

• a-

  modal verbs:

  primarily express a firm obligation or necessity - must and have to

  express a recommendation or moral obligation - should and ought to

Questão 2285746

• Banca: Centec
• Órgão: Centec
• Ano: 2015
• Provas: Centec - 2015 - Centec - Professor - Inglês
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Passado simples | Simple past; Presente simples | Simple present; Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Choose the correct answer for each gap below:

He ______ so many languages fluently.

I think you ______ quit smoking.

She ______ me that she would be here by now.

• A. tells – ought – spoke.
• B. speaks – should – told.
• C. told – may – speaks.
• D. speak – should – said.
• E. says – need – tells.

Gabarito: B

Comentários

• b-

  The question assesses one's kowledge of how to make a semantic judgement based on the available options; matching up the words to find out which combination produces the most coherent meaning. Therefore, you speak a language, you should quit smoking and tell someone about something. 

  Speak é usado para idiomas. You speak italian, he speaks russian etc. Should é modal verb usado para conselhos, recomendações etc. You should bathe every day. If you have a cold, you should wrap yourself warm. Told é past participle/simple past de tell e significa contar, dizer etc. She told me to read more. 

• Speacks - Idiomas

  Should - Conselho

  Told - Usa-se sempre quando se refere a alguém, por exemplo: He told "me" about your son.

  Quem conta, conta para alguém, logo sempre após told tem que ter: me, us, you, entre outros.

   Say é usado para citações exatas e quando o destinatário não é mencionado na frase, exemplo: Good morning, said the woman behind the counter.

  Também é usado para expressar opiniões, por exemplo: I wouldn't say that he's a great guitarist.

   

Questão 2297734

• Banca: SELECON
• Órgão: ETAM
• Ano: 2017
• Provas: SELECON - 2017 - ETAM - Curso de Formação de Técnicos - 1ª Semestre
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Com base no texto abaixo, responda à pergunta:

    Working for the Navy can be a very interesting career choice. It will start with specialist training, both at sea and on-shore. As a result, you will develop practical and technical skills and will find yourself equipped with the confidence to interact in a team.

    The Navy offers a lot of career options - from technical to non-technical posts, and for officer to civilian posts. There are hundreds of j ob opportunities available. But some positions come with high responsibilities.

    For instance, Navy Electronics Technicians (ETs) are an exclusive group of professionals specially trained in electronic engineering and computer skills. They can operate and manage the electronic system s of the world’s most advanced ships and airplanes.

    Another example of a Navy career is a Navy Hull Technician (HT). HTs maintain a ship’s marine sanitation system and also repair and maintain the small boats found aboard Navy ships.

    Finally, Marine Technicians (MTs) operate, maintain and repair the ship’s machinery, as well as look after the power generation and distribution, and electrical control systems of ships.

    Sound good so far? Take a look at the pathways to careers at sea. And find out where a j ob at sea could take you. W here do you see yourself? Click here.

(adaptado de http://www.careersatsea.org/)

O verbo modal can no primeiro e no terceiro parágrafos indica, respectivamente:

• A. capacidade e possibilidade
• B. permissão e possibilidade
• C. possibilidade e capacidade
• D. capacidade e permissão

Gabarito: C

Comentários

• Gabarito: C

   

  Primeiro parágrafo: Working for the Navy can be a very interesting career choice. (Trabalha para a marinha pode ser uma opção de carreira muito interessante. Logo, possibilidade.)

   

  Terceiro parágrafo: They can operate and manage the electronic system s of the world’s most advanced ships and airplanes. ( Eles tem capacidade de operar e conduzir o  mais avançado sistema elétrico do mundo de navios e aviões. Logo,capacidade)

Questão 2301550

• Banca: Prefeitura do Rio de Janeiro - RJ
• Órgão: Prefeitura de Rio de Janeiro - RJ
• Ano: 2017
• Provas: Prefeitura do Rio de Janeiro - RJ - 2017 - Prefeitura de Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Professor de Inglês
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Read the following article and answer question based on the text.

Faced with the unprecedented stream of migrants fleeing war and trauma in the Middle East and North Africa, Europe needs to take clear-sighted action.

        For its part, the UK has agreed to take 20,000 refugees, a significant portion of whom will likely be children and orphans according to report. One key aspect in ensuring their smooth settlement in the UK will be providing these refugees with language training.

       Many Syrians are well-educated and many speak fluent English. Others, however, do not speak English well enough to function professionally within the UK. The issue of language is so fundamental to our lives that we often overlook it. Several multi-million pound training contracts have failed to be delivered on account of not addressing the language barrier. All the goodwill, financial backing, and technical expertise to deliver needed medical, economic, military,engineering, or navigational training may be present; but unless there is a shared language in which to impart that knowledge, little will be accomplished.

        One of the biggest misconceptions about language is that if you “just go to the country,” you’ll pick it up. Many people believe that immersion will guarantee fluency; yet you may well know several immigrants who have been in this country for years and still only speak broken English. You might also know dozens of expats in various countries across the world who have failed to pick up the local languages of their host countries. Training and effort are both necessary.

        Though not a guarantee of fluency, immersion is a wonderful opportunity. The first issue we need to address with respect to refugees is ensuring that those who come will actually be immersed. That is, that they will be welcomed as part of larger communities, and not simply join communities of other refugees. On the other hand, immersion is just an opportunity, and in order to take full advantage of it, training and education are required. In terms of refugees, we need to consider options for the provision of language training, whether by self-study, classroom instruction, private tuition, or some combination of the three.        

       The array of needs is staggering. In truth, every language learner has a different set of learning objectives, and will require different training to meet those objectives. Coordinating the actual needs with providers in different regions and accounting for different personal schedules and start dates is a significant challenge. It is, however, a challenge that must be addressed immediately, as proficiency in English will be a key enabler of success for refugees in this country.

(Adapted from Aaron Ralby http://www.blogs.jbs.cam.ac.uk/ socialinnovation/2015/11/16/)

In one of the excerpts below, the author’s words express the idea of possibility:

• A. we need to consider options for the provision of language training
• B. Many people believe that immersion will guarantee fluency
• C. It is however a challenge that must be addressed immediately
• D. You might also know dozens of expats in various countries

Gabarito: D

Comentários

• B also.

• Gab: D.

  A alternativa B está incorreta por que usa Simple Future, que é um futuro certo, que vai acontecer, não há ideia de possibilidade.

•  c) Alternativa Incorreta

  It is however a challenge that must be addressed immediately 

   O verbo modal "Must"  expressa a ideia de  necessidade , obrigação .

   

   D) Alternativa Correta

  You might also know dozens of expats in various countries 

  O verbo Modal "might" expressa a ideia de possibilidade , probabilidade.

   

  Na Lutta!!!  ;-)

• Complementando: POSSIBILITY , também pode ser: CAN, MAY, COULD.

Questão 2321416

• Banca: Exército
• Órgão: EsFCEx
• Ano: 2016
• Provas: Exército - 2016 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Ciências Contábeis; Exército - 2016 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Conhecimentos Gerais; Exército - 2016 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Direito; Exército - 2016 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Informática; Exército - 2016 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Veterinária
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Chose the correct alternative according to the use of modals.

( ) I was so tired last night but I couldn’t sleep.

( ) She not must help you.

( ) I’m not sure. I might not go to the movies.

• A. V -V -V
• B. V - F - V
• C. F - V - V
• D. F - F - V
• E. F - V - F

Gabarito: B

Comentários

• Corrigindo a errada: She must not...

• POR ISSO QUE ERREI

Questão 2341192

• Banca: IDECAN
• Órgão: CBM-DF
• Ano: 2017
• Provas: IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Médico Anestesiologia; IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Médico Cirurgia Vascular; IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Médico Proctologia; IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Cirurgião-Dentista Endodontia; IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Cirurgião-Dentista Odontopediatria; IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Cirurgião-Dentista Periodontia; IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Complementar Arquivologia; IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Complementar Biblioteconomia; IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Complementar Enfermagem; IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Complementar Engenharia Civil; IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Complementar Engenharia Elétrica; IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Complementar Engenharia Mecânica; IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Complementar Farmácia-Bioquímica; IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Complementar Fisioterapia; IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenen
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Aspectos linguísticos | Linguistic aspects; Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

                           How things work: 100 scientific explanations

      Preservation property has always been important to humans. Historians in the ninth century were the first to record the use of varnish, a protective liquid composed of resins, natural oils, and alcohol, among other ingredients. Furniture makers learned that if they painted coats of the stuff on a piece of furniture or wood floor, it made it impervious to liquids and their damage and shielded it from normal wear and tear. And the makers liked the shine furniture had after it was varnished.

      Varnish comes in many formulations. Some are oil based, using linseed or tung oil, while others are water-based. Varnish cures, or dries, on what it’s painted, creating a glossy, clear film on the surface. Some oil-based varnishes can turn to a yellowish color; water-based varieties do not. Wood must be carefully cleaned and sanded before any varnish is applied. Several coats are often required. All varnishes contain resins — terpenes with five-carbon molecules called isoprenes and also include a drying oil or solvent to reduce drying time.

     Although furniture and flooors are still the most frequently varnished items, the wooden hulls of boats are also often varnished. Clear nail polish, a type of varnish, can be used for countless small fixes: dab small amounts to keep splintered wood from snagging, prevent ink from running, and stop buttons on clothing or screws on sunglasses from coming loose.

           (National Geographic Special Publication “How Things Work” Adapted.)

In “water-based varieties do not” (line 08) DO NOT means:

• A. Water-based varnish sorts ought to be invariably colorless.
• B. Not all water-based varnishes can shift to a yellowish color.
• C. The yellower a varnish is the better its fallout is going to be.
• D. Water-based varnishes don’t glare as much as yellow ones.

Gabarito: A

Comentários

• “water-based varieties do not”-- VARIEDADE A BASE DE AGUA NAO

  UNICA QUE TEM SENTIDO E LETRA A

Questão 2398300

• Banca: IESES
• Órgão: GasBrasiliano
• Ano: 2017
• Provas: IESES - 2017 - GasBrasiliano - Contador Júnior
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Complete sentenças usando must, mustn’t ou needn’t:

Mary gave me a letter to post. I ___ remember to post it. There’s plenty of time for you to make up your mind. You ______ decide now.

We ______ make any noise.

Assinale a sequencia correta:

• A. must - mustn’t - needn’t
• B. mustn’t - needn’t - must
• C. must - needn’t - mustn’t
• D. needn’t – must - mustn’t

Gabarito: C

Comentários

• Questão sem alternativa correta, o verbo NEED nã é verbo especial, para negar com esse verbo é necessário o uso do auxiliar, a negativa de NEED é DO NOT NEED (DOESN´T NEED) e não needn´t.

• é aquela história... vai na menos errada...

• Normalmente a particula ANY, ocorre quando a frase é negativa, por isso a ultima fica Mustn't.

• , "need" pode ser usado como se usa um auxiliar. Neste caso, "need" é um modal.
  
  You needn't have worried.
  Você não precisava ter se preocupado.
  
  Need we leave so soon?
  Nós precisamos de ir tão cedo?
  
  
  Uma boa dica do GrammarNet
  
  
  Need: verbo modal:
  
  Construção sem to
  Sem -(e)s na 3ª pessoa do singular
  Negação e interrogação sem verbo auxiliar do(es)
  Normalmente em frases negativas e interrogativas
  Apenas na forma verbal presente
  Tipicamente em inglês britânico
  
  - He needn't stay.
  - Need he stay?

• Mary gave me a letter to post. (Mary me deu uma carta para postar.) I must remember to post it. (Eu tenho que lembrar de postar.)
  You needn't decide now. (Você não precisa decidir agora.)
  We mustn't make any noise. (Nós não devemos fazer barulho.)
  
  Gabarito: C
  

• 1) O verbo need (precisar) podem ser usados como verbo regulare ou como verbo modal. 

  Quando é modal, o verbo need:

  a) é sempre seguido de verbo no infinitivo sem to;

  b) só aparece na negativa e na interrogativa;

  c) pode ser usado no presente e no futuro;

  d) expressa uma necessidade.

  Exemplos:

  a) Richard need not look for his wallet. (Richard não precisa procurar sua carteira.)
  [Note que é equivalente a]: Richard doesn't need to look for his wallet.

  b) Need I count all the money? (Preciso contar todo o dinheiro?)
  [Note que é equivalente a]: Do I need to count all the money?

   

  2) Quando é regular, o verbo need:

  a) é seguido de um verbo no infinitivo com to;

  b) é seguido de objeto direto;

  c) também expressa uma necessidade.

  Exemplos:

  a) Does he need a pen to write? (Ele precisa de uma caneta para escrever?)

  b) The students don't need to hand their papers in next week. 
  (Os alunos não precisam entregar os trabalhos na semana que vem.)

  Fonte: http://www.solinguainglesa.com.br/conteudo/ModalVerbs11.php

   

  3) Must (deve): expressa obrigação, proibição ou dedução.

Questão 2398450

• Banca: IESES
• Órgão: GasBrasiliano
• Ano: 2017
• Provas: IESES - 2017 - GasBrasiliano - Advogado Júnior
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Complete sentenças usando must, mustn’t ou needn’t: Mary gave me a letter to post. I ___ remember to post it. There’s plenty of time for you to make up your mind. You ______ decide now. We ______ make any noise. Assinale a sequencia correta:

• A. mustn’t - needn’t - must
• B. must - mustn’t - needn’t
• C. needn’t – must - mustn’t
• D. must - needn’t - mustn’t

Gabarito: D

Comentários

• Gabarito D

   

•  I MUST remember to post it. There’s plenty of time for you to make up your mind. You NEEDN´Tdecide now. We MUSTN´T make any noise.

   

  Eu DEVO lembrar de postar. Há muito tempo para você decidir. Você NAO PRECISA decidir agora. Nós NAO DEVEMOS fazer nenhum barulho.

• Essa questão trouxe três modal verbs (verbos modais) a serem aplicados em frases.

  A principal característica dos modal verbs é acompanhar o verbo principal de uma frase, indicando uma possibilidade, permissão ou habilidade/capacidade a partir do sentido do mesmo.

  Vamos ao enunciado:

  Complete sentenças usando must, mustn’t ou needn’t: Mary gave me a letter to post. I ___ remember to post it. There’s plenty of time for you to make up your mind. You ______ decide now. We ______ make any noise. Assinale a sequencia correta:

  Traduzindo:

  Mary me deu uma carta para enviar. Eu ___ lembrar de postar. Há muito tempo para você se decidir. Você ______ decide agora. Nós ______ fazer qualquer barulho.

  Sabendo que os verbos citados tem os seguintes significados:

  Must expressa obrigação, proibição ou dedução e Mustn't é o oposto disso.

  Need significa "precisar" e needn't sua negação.

  A) Incorreta - mustn’t - needn’t - must

  B) Incorreta - must - mustn’t - needn’t

  C) Incorreta - needn’t – must - mustn’t

  D) Correta - must - needn’t - mustn’t

  Essa é a sequência correta: Preciso, não precisa e não devemos

  Gabarito: D

Questão 2399029

• Banca: IESES
• Órgão: GasBrasiliano
• Ano: 2017
• Provas: IESES - 2017 - GasBrasiliano - Economista Júnior
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Complete sentenças usando must, mustn’t ou needn’t:

Mary gave me a letter to post. I ___ remember to post it.

There’s plenty of time for you to make up your mind. You ______ decide now.

We ______ make any noise.

Assinale a sequencia correta:

• A. must - needn’t - mustn’t
• B. needn’t – must - mustn’t
• C. must - mustn’t - needn’t
• D. mustn’t - needn’t - must

Gabarito: A

Comentários

• Mary gave me a letter to post. (Mary me deu uma carta para postar.) I must remember to post it. (Eu tenho que lembrar de postar.)
  You needn't decide now. (Você não precisa decidir agora.)
  We mustn't make any noise. (Nós não devemos fazer barulho.)

   

  Letra A ( Ana Rangel awnser )

• Essa questão trouxe três modal verbs (verbos modais) a serem aplicados em frases.

  A principal característica dos modal verbs é acompanhar o verbo principal de uma frase, indicando uma possibilidade, permissão ou habilidade/capacidade a partir do sentido do mesmo.

  Vamos ao enunciado:

  Complete sentenças usando must, mustn’t ou needn’t: Mary gave me a letter to post. I ___ remember to post it. There’s plenty of time for you to make up your mind. You ______ decide now. We ______ make any noise. Assinale a sequencia correta:

  Traduzindo:

  Mary me deu uma carta para enviar. Eu ___ lembrar de postar. Há muito tempo para você se decidir. Você ______ decide agora. Nós ______ fazer qualquer barulho.

  Sabendo que os verbos citados tem os seguintes significados:

  Must expressa obrigação, proibição ou dedução e Mustn't é o oposto disso.

  Need significa "precisar" e needn't sua negação.

  A) Correta - must - needn’t - mustn’t

  B) Incorreta - needn’t – must - mustn’t

  C) Incorreta - must - mustn’t - needn’t

  D) Incorreta - mustn’t - needn’t - must

  Essa é a sequência correta: Preciso, não precisa e não devemos

  Gabarito: A

Questão 2400193

• Banca: IESES
• Órgão: GasBrasiliano
• Ano: 2017
• Provas: IESES - 2017 - GasBrasiliano - Engenheiro de Gás Natual Júnior
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Complete sentenças usando must, mustn’t ou needn’t:

Mary gave me a letter to post. I ___ remember to post it.

There’s plenty of time for you to make up your mind. You ______ decide now.

We ______ make any noise.

Assinale a sequencia correta:

• A. mustn’t - needn’t - must
• B. must - needn’t - mustn’t
• C. must - mustn’t - needn’t
• D. needn’t – must - mustn’t

Gabarito: B

Comentários

• MUST- "DEVE" IDÉIA DE OBRIGAÇÃO OU NECESSIDADE

  NEEDN'T- " NÃO PRECISA" IDÉIA DE AUSÊNCIA DE NESESSIDADE

  MUSTN'T-  " ESTAMOS PRIBIDOS OU NÃO PODEMOS" IDÉIA DE PROIBIÇÃO

  GAB B

   

• Essa questão trouxe três modal verbs (verbos modais) a serem aplicados em frases.

  A principal característica dos modal verbs é acompanhar o verbo principal de uma frase, indicando uma possibilidade, permissão ou habilidade/capacidade a partir do sentido do mesmo.

  Vamos ao enunciado:

  Complete sentenças usando must, mustn’t ou needn’t: Mary gave me a letter to post. I ___ remember to post it. There’s plenty of time for you to make up your mind. You ______ decide now. We ______ make any noise. Assinale a sequencia correta:

  Traduzindo:

  Mary me deu uma carta para enviar. Eu ___ lembrar de postar. Há muito tempo para você se decidir. Você ______ decide agora. Nós ______ fazer qualquer barulho.

  Sabendo que os verbos citados tem os seguintes significados:

  Must expressa obrigação, proibição ou dedução e Mustn't é o oposto disso.

  Need significa "precisar" e needn't sua negação.

  A) Incorreta - mustn’t - needn’t - must

  B) Correta - must - needn’t - mustn’t

  C) Incorreta - must - mustn’t - needn’t

  D) Incorreta - needn’t – must - mustn’t

  Essa é a sequência correta: Preciso, não precisa e não devemos

  Gabarito: B

Questão 2431618

• Banca: IESES
• Órgão: CREA-SC
• Ano: 2017
• Provas: IESES - 2017 - CREA-SC - Analista de Sistemas
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Aspectos linguísticos | Linguistic aspects; Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Put the sentence in the correct order.

arrive / you / to / ought / early

• A. You ought to arrive early.
• B. You ought to early arrive.
• C. You arrive ought to early.
• D. You early to arrive ought.

Gabarito: A

Comentários

• Letra A

   

  ought modal verb [ + to infinitive ] (DUTY)

  Used to say that it is necessary or desirable to perform the actionexpressed in the verb:

  We ought to clean up before we go home.

  She really ought to apologize.

  ​

  ought modal verb [ + to infinitive ] (PROBABLE)

  Used to say that the action expressed in the verb is probable or expected: ​

  He ought to be home by seven o’clock.

  The curtains ought to be ready on Monday.

  At his age, he ought to have known better.

• Ought to (precisa, deveria): expressa conselho.

  - É o único modal que é acompanhado pelo "to".

  - Na forma interrogativa, o "to" é colocado após o sujeito: ought + sujeito + verbo principal + complemento.

  Exemplo: Ought he to take any medicine? (Ele deveria tomar algum remédio?)

   

Questão 2431621

• Banca: IESES
• Órgão: CREA-SC
• Ano: 2017
• Provas: IESES - 2017 - CREA-SC - Analista de Sistemas
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Complete the sentences with must, mustn’t or needn’t:

We haven´t got much time. We ______ hurry.

We have enough food at home, so we ________ go shopping today.

John gave me a letter to post. I __________ forget to post it.

Choose the correct sequence?

• A. must - mustn’t - needn’t
• B. must - needn’t - mustn’t
• C. mustn’t - needn’t - must
• D. needn’t - must - mustn’t

Gabarito: B

Comentários

• We haven´t got much time. We MUST hurry. (Nós não temos muito tempo. DEVEMOS nos apressar)

   

  We have enough food at home, so we NEEDN´T go shopping today. (Temos comida suficiente em casa, então NÃO PRECISAMOS fazer compras hoje)

   

  John gave me a letter to post. I MUSTN´T forget to post it. (John me deu uma carta para postar. Eu NÃO DEVO esquecer de postá-la) 

   

  Letra B

Questão 2445736

• Banca: Aeronáutica
• Órgão: EEAR
• Ano: 2017
• Provas: Aeronáutica - 2017 - EEAR - Sargento da Aeronáutica - Controle de Tráfego Aéreo
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension; Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Your parents tell you to wear sunscreen when you're outside in the summer. And they are certainly right. Sunscreen protects your skin from ultraviolet light rays. Too much ultraviolet is bad for your skin. If you spend a long time outside without any sunscreen on, you ____ a sunburn because of the ultraviolet rays. (Adapted from http://www.grammarbank.com)

Choose the alternative to have the text completed correctly. 

• A. would have got
• B. might have got
• C. might get
• D. would get

Gabarito: C

Comentários

• Seus pais dizem a você que use protetor solar quando você está ao ar livre durante o verão. E eles estão certos com certeza. Protetor solar protege sua pele dos raios ultravioleta. Excesso de ultravioleta é ruim para a sua pele. Se você passar muito tempo ao ar livre sem estar usando nenhum protetor solar, você pode ter uma queimadura por causa dos raios ultravioleta.
  
  Escolha a alternativa que completará o texto corretamente.
  
  A) teria tido
  B) poderia ter tido
  C) pode ter
  D) teria
  
  Gabarito: C
  
  
  
  

•  c) might get 

• Might >> Ideia de POSSIBILITY (POSSIBILIDADE)

• GAB:C

• Diferença:

  Would - ações menos prováveis.

  Might - ações + prováveis.

Questão 2446081

• Banca: VUNESP
• Órgão: UNESP
• Ano: 2017
• Provas: VUNESP - 2017 - UNESP - Vestibular - Segundo Semestre
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

                            “One never builds something finished”:

                   the brilliance of architect Paulo Mendes da Rocha

Oliver Wainwright

February 4, 2017

   “All space is public,” says Paulo Mendes da Rocha. “The only private space that you can imagine is in the human mind.” It is an optimistic statement from the 88-year-old Brazilian architect, given he is a resident of São Paulo, a city where the triumph of the private realm over the public could not be more stark. The sprawling megalopolis is a place of such marked inequality that its superrich hop between their rooftop helipads because they are too scared of street crime to come down from the clouds.

   But for Mendes da Rocha, who received the 2017 gold medal from the Royal Institute of British Architects this week – an accolade previously bestowed on such luminaries as Le Corbusier and Frank Lloyd Wright – the ground is everything. He has spent his 60-year career lifting his massive concrete buildings up, in gravity-defying balancing acts, or else burying them below ground in an attempt to liberate the Earth’s surface as a continuous democratic public realm. “The city has to be for everybody,” he says, “not just for the very few.”

                                                                                    (www.theguardian.com. Adaptado.)

No trecho do segundo parágrafo “The city has to be for everybody”, a expressão em destaque pode ser substituída, sem alteração de sentido, por

• A. must.
• B. could.
• C. may.
• D. used to.
• E. going to.

Gabarito: A

Comentários

• “The city has to be for everybody", Tradução: A cidade tem que ser para todos.
  
  O modal verb "must"  é usado para expressar obrigação e dedução (quando usado na afirmativa) e proibição (quando usado na negativa):
  
  Ex: She always gets good grades. She must be very intelligent. (Ela sempre tira boas notas. Ela deve ser muito inteligente.) (dedução)
  The doctor said you must stop smoking, otherwhise you will die. (O médico disse que você tem de parar de fumar, caso contrário você vai morrer.)(obrigação)
  
  Portanto, se dissermos:  "The city must be for everybody." "A cidade deve ser para todos", não estaremos alterando o sentido.
  Gabarito do Professor: A
  

• O "has" foi usado com a intenção de reforçar e tornar urgente uma ideia ("a cidade deve ser para todos"). Podemos perceber o mesmo sentido em "must".

Questão 2449684

• Banca: Aeronáutica
• Órgão: EEAR
• Ano: 2017
• Provas: Aeronáutica - 2017 - EEAR - Sargento da Aeronáutica - Aeronavegantes e Não-Aeronavegantes
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Imperativo | Imperative; Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Choose the alternative that presents the imperative form of the sentence:

Doctor: You should drink less alcohol.

• A. You ought to drink much alcohol.
• B. Don’t drink too much alcohol.
• C. Don’t drink less beer.
• D. Don’t drink alcohol.

Gabarito: B

Comentários

• Escolha a alternativa que apresenta a forma imperativa da frase:
  
  Médico: Você deveria beber menos álcool.
  
  A) Você tem de beber muito álcool.
  B) Não beba muito álcool.
  C) Não beba menos cerveja.
  D) Não beba álcool.
  
  Segundo o médico, o paciente deve beber menos álcool. Logo, o paciente não deve beber muito álcool.
  Gabarito: B
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  

•  b) Don’t drink too much alcohol.

• GAB:B

• Por que não é a alternativa D?

• A) ought to dá ideia de obrigação moral, uma expectativa, e much de muito = você deveria beber muito alcool

  B) trad correta

  C) beer = cerveja, ele não especifica o alcohol,

  D) ele não fala pra não beber, mas beber menos (less)

• (B)

  Colega Canal Antigo, não é a (D) porque o doutor disse:  You should drink less alcohol. (Você deve beber menos alcool) e a assertiva (D) diz: Don’t drink alcohol (Não beba alcool)

  Ou seja, Uma coisa é beber pouco alcool e outra totalmente diferente é : Não beber alcool.

  Espero ter ajudado.

• Escolha a alternativa que apresenta a forma imperativa da frase:

  Médico: Você deveria beber menos álcool.

  A) Você tem de beber muito álcool.

  B) Não beba muito álcool.

  C) Não beba menos cerveja.

  D) Não beba álcool.

  Segundo o médico, o paciente deve beber menos álcool. Logo, o paciente não deve beber muito álcool.

  Gabarito: B

  Fonte: QC

Questão 2449687

• Banca: Aeronáutica
• Órgão: EEAR
• Ano: 2017
• Provas: Aeronáutica - 2017 - EEAR - Sargento da Aeronáutica - Aeronavegantes e Não-Aeronavegantes
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs

The modal verbs underlined in each sentence express:

1 – She might be at the party.

2 – Can you drive a dump truck?

3 – He mustn’t sleep during the class.

4 – You ought to learn Aviation English.

• A. ability, possibility, advice, prohibition
• B. possibility, ability, prohibition, advice
• C. permission, possibility, request, wish
• D. ability, request, prohibition, offers

Gabarito: B

Comentários

• Os verbos modais sublinhados em cada frase expressam:
  
  1. Pode ser que ela esteja na festa. (possibilidade)
  2.Você pode dirigir caminhão de descarga? (habilidade)
  3. Ele não pode dormir durante a aula. (proibição)
  4. Você deveria aprender inglês de aviação. (conselho)
  
  Gabarito: B
  
  
  
  
  
  
  

• MIGHT--->          POSSIBILIDADE/PERMISSÃO/PEDIDO, PORÉM MUITO REMOTO DE ACONTECER.

  CAN------->         PEDIDO/PERMISSÃO INFORMAL

  MUST------>        DEVER/OBRIGAÇÃO.

  OUGHT TO -->   CONSELHO/DEVER MORAL

   

   

• Essa questão é bem simples, você já mata ela só de olhar a primeira sentença e as alternativas, vamos lá.

  O verbo modal MIGHT só expressa a ideia de Possibilidade. Portanto, a primeira frase só pode carregar a ideia de possibilidade.

  O verbo modal CAN expressa 4 ideias, sendo elas: Permissão, Possibilidade, Habilidade/Capacidade e Pedido, sendo que em sua forma negativa o "CAN'T", expressa a ideia de Incapacidade e Proibição. Portanto, o que vai definir a segunda frase é sua capacidade de entender o contexto nessa sentença, já que poderia ocorrer uma dúvida entre Habilidade/Capacidade de dirigir um caminhão ou um pedido.

  OBS : Muita gente confunde o Can com o May é bom se atentar em relação a isso.

  O verbo modal MUST em sua forma negativa "Mustn't ou "Must not" carrega apenas a ideia de proibição. Portanto, se torna fácil concluir que terceira sentença carrega a ideia de proibição.

  OBS: Algumas pessoas confundem MUST com SHOULD, geralmente são as pessoas que se preocupam apenas em saber o significado de cada verbo modal, embora o Should signifique em português "DEVERIA" ele não carrega a ideia de obrigação como o must carrega.

  E por último temos o Ought to, vejamos... Ought to e Should são sinônimos e carregam a ideia de Conselho/Sugestão. Portanto se torna fácil identificar o que é expresso na última sentença.

  Gabarito letra B

  Lá vai um conselho para todos que vão fazer a EEAR, se concentrem em aprender quais ideias cada verbo modal carrega pois na maioria das vezes você consegue matar a questão apenas sabendo isso.

• GAB:B

Questão 2504356

• Banca: Marinha
• Órgão: EFOMM
• Ano: 2017
• Provas: Marinha - 2017 - EFOMM - Oficial da Marinha Mercante - Primeiro Dia
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Tag questions; Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Mark the correct alternative.

• A. We had better not to call him today.
• B. I ought to read this book, oughtn’t I?
• C. John is eighteen, so his sister must to be twenty.
• D. I suggested she added this book to the list, and she finally would.
• E. Last year I lived with my boyfriend but I knew I can live with my parents again at any time.

Gabarito: B

Comentários

• Marque a alternativa correta. 
  
  A) We had better not to call him today.  We had better not call him today. Incorreta.
  
  B) I ought to read this book, oughtn't I? Correta.
  
  C) John is eighteen, so his sister must to be twenty. Não se coloca "to" após o modal "must".
  John is eighteen, so his sister must be twenty.Incorreta.
  
  D) I suggested she added this book to the list, and she finally would.  Errada. "suggested" está no passado, portanto, o auxiliar a ser usado é o "did".  I suggested she added this book to the list, and she finally did. Incorreta.
  
  E) Last year I lived with my boyfriend but I knew I can live with my parents again at any time.  Errada.
   Last year I lived with my boyfriend but I knew I could live with my parents again at any time. Incorreta.
  
  Gabarito do Professor: B
  
  
• Marque a alternativa correta. 
  
  A) We had better not to call him today.  Errada. We had better not call him today.
  
  B) I ought to read this book, oughtn’t I? Correta.
  
  C) John is eighteen, so his sister must to be twenty.  Errada. Não se coloca "to" após o modal "must".
  John is eighteen, so his sister must be twenty.
  
  D) I suggested she added this book to the list, and she finally would.  Errada. "suggested" está no passado, portanto, o auxiliar a ser usado é o "did".  I suggested she added this book to the list, and she finally did.
  
  E) Last year I lived with my boyfriend but I knew I can live with my parents again at any time.  Errada.
   Last year I lived with my boyfriend but I knew I could live with my parents again at any time. 
  
  Gabarito do Professor: B
  
  

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UjrlIXKZi-Q

• Vídeo sobre tag question 

  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4l34pGkBTyc

• a) o verbo não deve vir no infinitivo, no caso, usando o "to". Da mesma forma com o "must" da letra C

  O correto da E seria usar o "could" (poderia)

• Neg+positive

Questão 2509240

• Banca: IOBV
• Órgão: PM-SC
• Ano: 2017
• Provas: IOBV - 2017 - PM-SC - Aspirante da Polícia Militar - Anulada
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Complete the slots with the best modal verb according to the idea suggested in parentheses:

I. I ______ drive well. (ability)

II. Internet _______ be public (obligation)

III. In case of fire, you ________ take the stairs (recommendation)

• A. Can – Might – Will
• B. Must – Must – Should
• C. Could – Will – May
• D. May – Should – Need
• E. Can – Must – Should

Gabarito: E

Comentários

• Can - capacidade / habilidade / permissão / possibilidade;

   

  Must - necessidade / obrigação / dedução forte

   

  Should - recomendação forte / conselho 

• Complete os espaços com o melhor verbo modal de acordo com a ideia sugerida entre parênteses:
  Eu posso dirigir bem. (habilidade)
  II. Internet deve ser pública (obrigação)
  III Em caso de incêndio, você deveria usar as escadas (recomendação)
  De um modo geral, os verbos modais expressam ideias como capacidade, habilidade (can), possibilidade (may, might), obrigação (must), permissão (may, can), proibição (mustn't), dedução (must), pedido (can, could),  sugestão (should, ought to), recomendação (should, ought to).
  
  Gabarito do Professor: E
  

Questão 2517676

• Banca: Marinha
• Órgão: Quadro Complementar
• Ano: 2017
• Provas: Marinha - 2017 - Quadro Complementar - Segundo-Tenente - Conhecimentos Profissionais
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

What is the correct option to complete the paragraph below?

Robots and writers

This article wasn't written by a robot - but the next one you read______have been. Robots are already in our midst, and you______be surprised what they______ do. Robots are reporting on earthquakes, sports, and writing huge numbers of Wikipedia articles. Odds are pretty good you’ve already read articles written entirely by robots without realizing it.

(Adapted from https: / / www, makeuseof. com)

• A. mightn’t / can’t / should
• B. can’t / might / can
• C. should / can’t / can
• D. can / could / should
• E. might / might / can

Gabarito: E

Comentários

• might - probabilidade 

  can - possibilidade 

• E

• O ARTIGO NÃO FOI INSCRITO POR UMA ROBÔ, MAS O PRÓXIMO QUE VOCÊ LER, (DEVERÁ - POSSIBILIDADE) SER. ROBÔS ESTÃO PORNTOS PARA NOSSAS "IDEIAIS" E VOCÊ (DEVERIA - POSSIBILIDADE) ESTAR IMPRESSIONADA COM OQUE ELES (PODEM - CAPACIDADE) FAZER

  ESPCEX 2022

• A questão cobra conhecimento gramatical, especificamente sobre verbos modais.
  
  Vamos analisar o enunciado:
  
  
  What is the correct option to complete the paragraph below?  Robots and writers
  
        This article wasn't written by a robot - but the next one you read______have been. Robots are already in our midst, and you______be surprised what they______ do. Robots are reporting on earthquakes, sports, and writing huge numbers of Wikipedia articles. Odds are pretty good you've already read articles written entirely by robots without realizing it.
  
  Tradução -Qual é a opção correta para completar o parágrafo abaixo?  Robôs e escritores
  
         Este artigo não foi escrito por um robô - mas o próximo que você ler ______ ter sido. Os robôs já estão em nosso meio e você______ ficar surpreso com o que eles ________ fazer. Os robôs estão relatando terremotos, esportes e escrevendo um grande número de artigos da Wikipedia. As chances são muito boas de que você já leu artigos escritos inteiramente por robôs sem perceber.
  
  
  A questão cobra conhecimento sobre Modal Verbs. Vamos relembrar:
  Quais são os verbos modais em Inglês? Os modal verbs acompanham sempre os verbos principais para expressar uma ideia. Servem para modalizar o discurso, revelando a intenção, o sentimento de quem fala. Podem sinalizar possibilidade, necessidade, permissão, proibição, habilidade, capacidade, conselho, sugestão. Os 9 principais verbos modais mais utilizados no dia a dia são:
  Can, could, may, might, must, should, shall, will e would. Cada um deles carrega um significado.Veja alguns exemplos:
  
  
  
  • I can swim well. - habilidade - Eu sei nadar bem.
  • You can go home now - permissão - Você pode ir para casa agora.
  • You should talk to a doctor about it. - conselho - Você deveria conversar com um médico sobre isso.
  • I might travel if the weather is nice - possibilidade - Talvez eu viaje se o tempo estiver bom.
  
  As alternativas nos apresentam apenas 4 verbos modais: can ("pode" com sentido de habilidade), could (poderia), should (deveria) e might ("pode" com sentido de possibilidade). Utilizando apenas os verbos que constam das alternativas, o texto se apresenta coerente da seguinte forma:
  
  Este artigo não foi escrito por um robô - mas o próximo que você ler pode ter sido.(possibilidade) Os robôs já estão em nosso meio e você pode ficar surpreso (possibilidade) com o que eles podem fazer.(habilidade) Os robôs estão relatando terremotos, esportes e escrevendo um grande número de artigos da Wikipedia. As chances são muito boas de que você já leu artigos escritos inteiramente por robôs sem perceber.
  
  Portanto, respectivamente as lacunas devem ser completadas por:
  
  • pode(possibilidade) = might
  • pode (possibilidade) = might
  • podem (habilidade)= can
  
  
  Gabarito do Professor: Letra E.
  
  

Questão 2538268

• Banca: Exército
• Órgão: EsFCEx
• Ano: 2017
• Provas: Exército - 2017 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Administração; Exército - 2017 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Biblioteconomia; Exército - 2017 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Ciências Contábeis; Exército - 2017 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Conhecimentos Gerais; Exército - 2017 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Direito; Exército - 2017 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Enfermagem; Exército - 2017 - EsFCEx - Oficial - Informática
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

Choose the alternative according to the right use of modals.

• A. Do you can close the door, please?
• B. Would you please bring me some tea?
• C. We must go to the beach yesterday.
• D. I can to go with you.
• E. I needn't to do this now.

Gabarito: B

Comentários

• Não se usa do + can na mesma frase

• A função dos verbos modais é mudar ou complementar o sentido do verbo principal, expressando ideias de possibilidade, obrigação, dedução, desejo, proibição, vontade, capacidade, etc. Veja, a seguir, os verbos modais e o que cada um, basicamente, expressa:

  Would (pedido): Would you help me with this? (Você me ajudaria com isso?)

                             Would you please bring me some tea?​

   

  GABARITO: LETRA B

  FONTE: https://www.infoescola.com/ingles/verbos-modais-modal-verbs/

                               

   

• Choose the alternative according to the right use of modals. 

  a) Do you can close the door, please? - Can you close the door, please?

  b) Would you please bring me some tea? ok

  c) We must go to the beach yesterday. We should go to the beach yesterday.

  d) I can to go with you. I can go whith you.

  e) I needn't to do this now. - Não é verbo modal

  Forma afirmativa = Sujeito+Verbo Modal+Objeto

  Forma interrogativa = Verbo Modal+Sujeto+Objeto

  Forma negativa = Cannot e Can't, Couldn't, Will not e Won't, Shall not e Shan't...

   

Questão 2661970

• Banca: FUMARC
• Órgão: CEMIG - MG
• Ano: 2018
• Provas: FUMARC - 2018 - CEMIG - MG - Advogado JR; FUMARC - 2018 - CEMIG - MG - Analista de Gestão Contábil JR; FUMARC - 2018 - CEMIG - MG - Assistente Social JR; FUMARC - 2018 - CEMIG - MG - Engenheiro de Segurança de Barragens JR; FUMARC - 2018 - CEMIG - MG - Engenheiro de Segurança do Trabalho JR
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

READ THE FOLLOWING TEXT AND CHOOSE THE OPTION WHICH BEST COMPLETES EACH QUESTION ACCORDING TO IT:

                 Technology has created more jobs than it has destroyed

      The battle between men and machines goes back centuries. Are they taking our jobs? Or are they easing our workload? A study by economists at the consultancy Deloitte seeks to shed new light on the relationship between jobs and the rise of technology by searching through census data for England and Wales going back to 1871.

      Their conclusion is that, rather than destroying jobs, technology has been a “great job-creating machine”. Findings by Deloitte such as rise in bar staff since the 1950s or a surge in the number of hairdressers this century suggest to the authors that technology has increased spending power, therefore creating new demand and new jobs. Their study argues that the debate has been twisted towards the job-destroying effects of technological change, which are more easily observed than its creative aspects.

      Going back over past figures paints a more balanced picture, say authors Ian Stewart and Alex Cole. “The dominant trend is of contracting employment in agriculture and manufacturing being more than balanced by rapid growth in the caring, creative, technology and business services sectors,” they write. “Machines will take on more repetitive and laborious tasks, but they seem no closer to eliminating the need for human labor than at any time in the last 150 years.” 

      According to the study, hard, dangerous and dull jobs have declined. In some sectors, technology has quite clearly cost jobs, but they question whether they are really jobs we would want to hold on to. Technology directly substitutes human muscle power and, in so doing, raises productivity and shrinks employment. “In the UK the first sector to feel this effect on any scale was agriculture,” says the study. 

      The study also found out that ‘caring’ jobs have increased. The report cites a “profound shift”, with labor switching from its historic role, as a source of raw power, to the care, education and provision of services to others.

Technological progress has cut the prices of essentials, such as food, and the price of bigger household items such as TVs and kitchen appliances, notes Stewart. That leaves more money to spend on leisure, and creates new demand and new jobs, which may explain the big rise in bar staff, he adds. “_______ the decline in the traditional pub, census data shows that the number of people employed in bars rose fourfold between 1951 and 2011,” the report says.

      The Deloitte economists believe that rising incomes have allowed consumers to spend more on personal services, such as grooming. That in turn has driven employment of hairdressers. So, while in 1871 there was one hairdresser or barber for every 1,793 citizens of England and Wales; today there is one for every 287 people.

                                  (Adapted from: https://goo.gl/7V5vuw. Access: 02/02/2018.)

The use of the modal verb may in “which may explain the big rise in bar staff” (paragraph 6) indicates that

• A. It is mandatory to explain the big rise in bar staff.
• B. It is necessary to explain the big rise in bar staff.
• C. It is permitted to explain the big rise in bar staff.
• D. It is possible to explain the big rise in bar staff.

Gabarito: D

Comentários

• Gab D

   

  "May" é utilizado para fazer um pedido ou para indicar a probabilidade de algo acontecer ou não (presente e futuro), sendo que é utilizado de maneira formal.

   

  Exemplos:

  May you help me with my homework tomorrow? (Você pode me ajudar com minha lição de casa amanhã?).

  It may rain in the afternoon. (Pode chover à tarde).

   

  Fonte: https://www.infoescola.com/ingles/verbo-modal-may/

Questão 2730550

• Banca: Aeronáutica
• Órgão: EEAR
• Ano: 2018
• Provas: Aeronáutica - 2018 - EEAR - Sargento da Aeronáutica - Aeronavegantes e Não-Aeronavegantes
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

In the famous words by John Lennon: “You may say I’m a dreamer but I’m not the only one. I hope someday you’ll join us and the world will be as one”, the modal verb in bold indicates that:

• A. He knew that he could dream about peace and try to help everybody.
• B. He understood that he could be seen as a dreamer.
• C. He was not able to dream about peace and love.
• D. He considered himself the only dreamer.

Gabarito: B

Comentários

• Resposta: B

  A frase “You may say I’m a dreamer”, em português, significa “Você pode dizer que eu sou um sonhador”.

  O verbo modal “may”, neste contexto, foi utilizado para indicar possibilidade. Dessa forma, a alternativa B é a única correta: “He understood that he could be seen as a dreamer” (Ele compreendia que ele poderia ser visto como um sonhador).

  As outras três alternativas não são coerentes com o significado do verbo modal, pelos seguintes motivos: alternativa A afirma que ele podia sonhar com a paz e tentar ajudar a todos; alternativa C afirma que ele não era capaz de sonhar com paz e amor e a alternativa D afirma que ele se considerava o único sonhador.
   

• Nas famosas palavras de John Lennon: “Vocês podem dizer que sou um sonhador, mas não sou o único. Espero que algum dia você se junte a nós e que o mundo seja como um ", o verbo modal em negrito indica que:
  A) Ele sabia que poderia sonhar com a paz e tentar ajudar a todos.
  B) Ele sabia que poderia ser visto como um sonhador.
  C) Ele não foi capaz de sonhar com paz e amor.
  D) Ele se considerava o único sonhador.
  O modal verb May, indica possibilidade. A possibilidade de John Lennon ser visto como um sonhador.
  
  Gabarito do Professor:B
  

Questão 2856406

• Banca: COSEAC
• Órgão: Prefeitura de Maricá - RJ
• Ano: 2018
• Provas: COSEAC - 2018 - Prefeitura de Maricá - RJ - Docente I - Língua Estrangeira - Inglês
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

TEXT 1 below, retrieved and adapted from https://chroniclingamerica. loc.gov/lccn/sn83035487/1851-06-21/ed-1/seq-4/ on July 9th, 2018.

Text 1 

                    Women’s rights convention – Sojourner Truth

      One of the most unique and interesting speeches of the convention was made by Sojourner Truth, an emancipated slave. It is impossible to transfer it to paper or convey any adequate idea of the effect it produced upon the audience. Those only can appreciate it who saw her powerful form, her whole-souled, earnest gesture, and listened to her strong and truthful tones. She came forward to the platform and addressing the President said with great simplicity:

      "May I say a few words?" Receiving an affirmative answer, she proceeded: I want to say a few words about this matter. I am a woman's rights. I have as much muscle as any man and can do as much work as any man. I have plowed and reaped and husked and chopped and mowed, and can any man do more than that? I have heard much about the sexes being equal. I can carry as much as any man, and can eat as much too, if I can get it. I am as strong as any man that is now. As for intellect, all I can say is, if a woman has a pint, and a man a quart -- why can't she have her little pint full? You need not be afraid to give us our rights for fear we will take too much; -- for we can't take more than our pint will hold. The poor men seem to be all in confusion, and don't know what to do. Why children, if you have woman's rights, give it to her and you will feel better. You will have your own rights, and they won't be so much trouble. I can't read, but I can hear. I have heard the bible and have learned that Eve caused man to sin. Well, if a woman upset the world, do give her a chance to set it right side up again. The Lady has spoken about Jesus, how he never spurned woman from him, and she was right. When Lazarus died, Mary and Martha came to him with faith and love and besought him to raise their brother. And Jesus wept and Lazarus came forth. And how came Jesus into the world? Through God who created him and the woman who bore him. Man, where was your part? But the women are coming up blessed be God and a few of the men are coming up with them. But man is in a tight place, the poor slave is on him, woman is coming on him, he is surely between a hawk and a buzzard.

Reference: Robinson, M. (1851, June 21). Women’s rights convention: Sojourner Truth. Anti-slavery Bugle, vol. 6 no. 41, Page 160.

This question must be answered by looking at the following sentence from Text 1:

“May I say a few words?”

We may keep the sentence grammatically correct by substituting “May” for: 

• A. should.
• B. must.
• C. could.
• D. did.
• E. need.

Gabarito: C

Comentários

• Gabarito: C

  Tanto "May" quanto "Could" indicam uma possibilidade.

  "Posso dizer algumas palavras?"

• A questão cobra o conhecimento dos verbos modais. A principal característica dos modal verbs é acompanhar o verbo principal de uma frase, indicando uma possibilidade, permissão, habilidade/capacidade, necessidade, obrigação, proibição. 

  São exemplos de verbos modais:

  Can = expressa permissão, capacidade, habilidade e possibilidade

  Could = expressa permissão, habilidade e possibilidade

  May = expressa pedido, possibilidade, permissão

  Might = Passado de “may”, por isso carrega o mesmo significado de possibilidade, mas, por ser passado, trazendo o sentido de menos probabilidade.

  Should = expressa conselho, recomendação, sugestão

  Must = expressa obrigação, proibição ou dedução

  Ought to = expressa conselho

  Used to = Ideia de costume/hábito

  Would = expressa pedido, desejo

  Segue tradução do enunciado:

  This question must be answered by looking at the following sentence from Text 1:

  “May I say a few words?”

  We may keep the sentence grammatically correct by substituting “May” for: 

  Esta pergunta deve ser respondida olhando para a seguinte frase do Texto 1:

  “Posso dizer algumas palavras?”

  Podemos manter a frase gramaticalmente correta substituindo “May” por:

  A) Incorreta - should.

  B) Incorreta - must.

  C) Correta - could.

  Sabendo que a frase expressa o sentido de permissão, de acordo com a tabela acima, vemos que o verbo que também expressa esse sentido é o could.

  D) Incorreta - did.

  E) Incorreta - need.

  Gabarito: C

Questão 2856424

• Banca: COSEAC
• Órgão: Prefeitura de Maricá - RJ
• Ano: 2018
• Provas: COSEAC - 2018 - Prefeitura de Maricá - RJ - Docente I - Língua Estrangeira - Inglês
• Disciplina: Inglês
• Assuntos: Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension; Verbos modais | Modal verbs; Verbos | Verbs

TEXT 1 below, retrieved and adapted from https://chroniclingamerica. loc.gov/lccn/sn83035487/1851-06-21/ed-1/seq-4/ on July 9th, 2018.

Text 1 

                    Women’s rights convention – Sojourner Truth

      One of the most unique and interesting speeches of the convention was made by Sojourner Truth, an emancipated slave. It is impossible to transfer it to paper or convey any adequate idea of the effect it produced upon the audience. Those only can appreciate it who saw her powerful form, her whole-souled, earnest gesture, and listened to her strong and truthful tones. She came forward to the platform and addressing the President said with great simplicity:

      "May I say a few words?" Receiving an affirmative answer, she proceeded: I want to say a few words about this matter. I am a woman's rights. I have as much muscle as any man and can do as much work as any man. I have plowed and reaped and husked and chopped and mowed, and can any man do more than that? I have heard much about the sexes being equal. I can carry as much as any man, and can eat as much too, if I can get it. I am as strong as any man that is now. As for intellect, all I can say is, if a woman has a pint, and a man a quart -- why can't she have her little pint full? You need not be afraid to give us our rights for fear we will take too much; -- for we can't take more than our pint will hold. The poor men seem to be all in confusion, and don't know what to do. Why children, if you have woman's rights, give it to her and you will feel better. You will have your own rights, and they won't be so much trouble. I can't read, but I can hear. I have heard the bible and have learned that Eve caused man to sin. Well, if a woman upset the world, do give her a chance to set it right side up again. The Lady has spoken about Jesus, how he never spurned woman from him, and she was right. When Lazarus died, Mary and Martha came to him with faith and love and besought him to raise their brother. And Jesus wept and Lazarus came forth. And how came Jesus into the world? Through God who created him and the woman who bore him. Man, where was your part? But the women are coming up blessed be God and a few of the men are coming up with them. But man is in a tight place, the poor slave is on him, woman is coming on him, he is surely between a hawk and a buzzard.

Reference: Robinson, M. (1851, June 21). Women’s rights convention: Sojourner Truth. Anti-slavery Bugle, vol. 6 no. 41, Page 160.

Question must be answered by looking at the following sentence from Text 1:

I have plowed and reaped and husked and chopped and mowed, and can any man do more than that?

When Sojourner chooses to use “can” in “and can any man do more than that?”, she does it because:

• A. she wants to question men’s ability to do more than she does.
• B. she’s asking for permission to continue doing what she does.
• C. it’s an informal situation and “could” would be too formal.
• D. she’s talking about what she did in the past.
• E. she knows men will never do what she does.

Gabarito: A