“(...) a Primeira Guerra Mundial foi seguida por um tipo de colapso verdadeiramente mundial, sentido pelo menos em todos os lugares em que homens e mulheres se envolviam ou faziam uso de transações impessoais de mercado” (Hobsbawm, Eric. Era dos extremos: o breve século 1914-1991. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 1995 pag. 91)
O contexto da Primeira Guerra Mundial também coincidiu com o acirramento dos conflitos sociais e ideológicos no mundo todo, e o Brasil não ficou imune. (...) a política brasileira via nascer atores influentes e ideologias; o parque industrial crescera; crescera também a classe operária e suas organizações sindicais e políticas. (Napolitano, Marcos. História do Brasil república: da queda da Monarquia ao fim do Estado Novo. São Paulo: Contexto, 2018. Pag. 38).
Os dois fragmentos textuais sinalizam aspectos
históricos da Primeira Guerra Mundial numa escala mundial e brasileira, assinale
respectivamente os enunciados correspondentes.
O Cólera estava na ordem do dia do Brasil de meados de 1800. Tendo em vista a profusão de relatos sobre seus dramáticos feitos na Europa e na Ásia, o desembarque dessa peste em terras brasileiras foi seguido de uma forte apreensão por parte das autoridades públicas, médicos e população em geral, a mais vitimada na ocasião. (ALEXANDRE, Jucieldo Ferreira. Quando o “anjo do extermínio” se aproxima de nós: representações sobre o cólera no semanário cratense O Araripe (1855-1864) p.128- Dissertação de mestrado apresentado ao programa de Pós-graduação em História da Universidade Federal de João Pessoa – UFPB, 2010).
Sobre a epidemia de Cólera na região do Cariri
cearense é errôneo afirmar:
“Dentre todos os espaços organizados por José Lourenço, o de maior visibilidade perante “contemporâneos” e “remanescentes” é o Caldeirão. O Caldeirão foi uma “comunidade” camponesa, que existiu durante 10 anos, onde habitaram aproximadamente 1.700 pessoas. No início, era um pequeno grupo sob a liderança do Beato, em torno da devoção à Santa Cruz. Possuía um sistema de produção e distribuição de bens básicos (víveres, instrumentos, oportunidades de trabalho, moradia e “alimento para o espírito”) com características de autogestão: “tudo era de todos”, e, pressupõe-se, de acordo com entrevistas realizadas com “remanescentes”, que não havia distinção entre dirigentes e executantes do processo de produção”. (CORDEIRO, Domingos Sávio de Almeida. Um Beato líder: Narrativas memoráveis do Caldeirão. P. 43. Imprensa Universitária- UFC, Fortaleza, 2004).
O trecho acima aborda sobre um período da história do Cariri que deixou marcas profundas:
I) José Lourenço Gomes da Silva veio ao Juazeiro em busca do padre Cícero com o intuito de resolver seus problemas, com o passar do tempo estes se tornaram discípulo e mestre, respectivamente.
II) A comunidade do Caldeirão foi destruída por forças militares estaduais em setembro de 1936, sendo uma parte da população presa.
III) No Sítio Baixa Dantas o beato José Lourenço instaurou o culto ao “boi mansinho”, o que levou autoridades políticas e policiais da época à intervir e destruir a comunidade.
IV) O Caldeirão foi a mais importante
“comunidade” organizada e liderada pelo beato
José Lourenço.
Entre essas afirmativas estão incorretas:
“Em primeiro de abril de 1964, o país acordou debaixo do ruído insano de uma trombeta militar. Antes desse episódio, contudo, a burguesia entrou em um estado de confusão que apenas aos poucos ela conseguiu mudar. Quando o seu estado-maior restaurou a ordem, entre as diversas frações das classes dominantes, estavam dados os requisitos para lançar mão da corporação militar, ainda que a mencionada petição houvesse de custar caro: o estrangulamento de frações minoritárias das classes preponderantes”. (QUEIROZ, Fábio José C. de. 1964: O dezoito Brumário da burguesia brasileira. São Paulo. Sundermann, 2015, p.140).
De acordo com o trecho acima o período da ditadura militar no Brasil, é incoerente:
I) A classe trabalhadora foi uma das maiores vítimas do governo ditatorial;
II) As pessoas que se opuseram ao sistema ditatorial eram perseguidas, presas, torturadas e em alguns casos assassinadas.
III) Durante o período de Ditadura a economia vivenciou um fenômeno denominado de “milagre econômico”.
IV) A classe burguesa, não se beneficiou em nada com o golpe militar e desde o princípio se opôs ao regime ditatorial, sendo uma de suas principais vítimas.
Entre estas afirmativas estão corretas:
“Mudar a vida e transformar o mundo. O ano de 1968 foi o da ousadia, da recusa dos partidos políticos tradicionais, com forte distanciamento da política oficial, recusa do mundo da mercadoria e dos valores burgueses e opressivos, e também recusa do marxismo burocratizado da União Soviética”. (CARMO, Paulo Sérgio do. 1950 - Culturas de Rebeldia: a juventude em questão. São Paulo. SENAC, 2001, p.80). A segunda metade do século XX foi marcada por tensões políticas, econômicas, sociais e culturais.
Nesse contexto alguns eventos se fizeram protagonistas:
I) Movimento estudantil com objetivos contraditórios ao modelo de sociedade burguês e a ditadura militar;
II) Movimento feminista questionando os costumes historicamente opressores e excludentes do sexo feminino. Luta por equidade de direitos, uso de pílula anticoncepcional, entre outros.
O carvão mineral é utilizado há mais de 2.000 anos, desde a época da ocupação romana da Inglaterra, quando era usado para aquecer as casas dos romanos. No entanto, sua importância maior surgiu com o desenvolvimento das máquinas a vapor, graças a seu alto conteúdo energético e sua grande disponibilidade na Europa e Ásia, e posteriormente no nordeste dos Estados Unidos. Ainda hoje é um componente importantíssimo na matriz energética (conjunto de fontes de energia que abastecem um país) de diversos países, por exemplo, Estados Unidos e China. Fonte: TEIXEIRA, W. [et al.]. Decifrando a Terra. São Paulo: Oficina de Textos, 2000, p. 472.
Considerando a fonte energética destacada no
texto é correto afirmar que:
Leia os textos a seguir:
Texto I
Você sabia que uma simples lavagem de mãos pode ser alternativa eficaz na prevenção de infecções graves? De acordo com orientações da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (Anvisa), o ato de lavar as mãos corretamente impede o risco de transmissões cruzadas de microorganismos, entre eles, o coronavírus (Covid-19).
A lavagem das mãos deve acontecer de acordo com as superfícies com que a pessoa entra em contato, ser feita com água e sabão e durar pelo menos 1 minuto”, orienta Pedro Pinheiro Bessa, médico do Hospital São José de Doenças Infecciosas. Para o álcool 70% em gel ou solução, a orientação é friccionar as mãos pelo menos por 20 segundos.
Fonte: Secretaria de Saúde do Estado do Ceará. Disponível em: < https://www.saude.ce.gov.br/2020/03/03/saude-orienta-sobre-importancia-da-higienizacao-das-maos/ >. Acesso em: 9 abr. 2020
Texto II
CORONAVÍRUS E DESAFIOS À PREVENÇÃO: BRASIL TEM 31,3 MILHÕES SEM ÁGUA ENCANADA E 11,6 MILHÕES EM CASAS 'SUPERLOTADAS'
[...] no Brasil, a pobreza extrema, a falta de saneamento básico e a precariedade das moradias são desafios para conter a expansão do vírus.
Há dois pontos fundamentais que indicam as dificuldades do país no enfrentamento à pandemia do coronavírus: 31,1 milhões de brasileiros (16% da população) não têm acesso a água fornecida por meio da rede geral de abastecimento; 74,2 milhões (37% da população) vivem em áreas sem coleta de esgoto e outros 5,8 milhões não têm banheiro em casa; 11,6 milhões de brasileiros (5,6% da população) vivem em imóveis com mais de 3 moradores por dormitório, o que é considerado adensamento excessivo.
Fonte: G1. Disponível em: <
https://g1.globo.com/economia/noticia/2020/03/28/corona
virus-e-desafios-a-prevencao-brasil-tem-313-milhoes-sem-agua-encanada-e-116-milhoes-em-casas-superlotadas.ghtml>. Acesso em 9 abr. 2020
Analisando as informações apresentadas nos textos, podemos afirma que:
Leia os fragmentos de texto abaixo e responda o item correto:
“O EFEITO BUMERANGUE”
Texto I
“As doenças transmitidas de animais para seres humanos estão em ascensão e pioram à medida que habitats selvagens são destruídos pela atividade humana. Cientistas sugerem que habitats degradados podem incitar e diversificar doenças, já que os patógenos se espalham facilmente para rebanhos e seres humanos”.
Fonte:https://nacoesunidas.org/surto-de-coronavirus-e-reflexo-da-degradacao-ambiental-afirma-pnuma/
Texto II
“Após medidas de isolamento tomadas como forma de dificultar a propagação da COVID-19, animais têm sido vistos em locais nos quais antes era comum o tráfego de pessoas. A quarentena colocou em casa pelo menos 2,8 bilhões de pessoas em todo o planeta e, enquanto não ocorrem medidas de flexibilização, os animais têm cuidado de ruas, canais e lagoas”.
Fonte:https://www.em.com.br/app/noticia/internacional/2020/04/27/interna_internacional,1142282/video-natureza-retoma- espaco-durante-a-pandemia-de-covid-19.shtml
Analisando as informações apresentadas nos
textos, podemos afirmar:
Sobre a Região Metropolitana do Cariri (RMC) está correto afirmar:
I. A configuração espacial da Região Metropolitana do Cariri, segue a tendência de passagem de um período de urbanização da sociedade para o período de urbanização do território.
II. Possui como centro dinâmico a cidade de Juazeiro do Norte, que de modo radioconcêntrico, consolida uma conurbação física com todas as cidades que integram a RMC.
III. Os indicadores socioeconômicos e de ocupação humana evidenciam forte assimetria entre os municípios da RMC.
IV. A elevada concentração da estrutura de serviços no CRAJUBAR diverge da lógica de metropolização do Brasil, que em geral expande a participação do setor agrário.
V. O fluxo cotidiano entre as cidades de Crato e Juazeiro do Norte caracteriza-se por fortes movimentos pendulares.
A seguir, marque o item correto:
Leia o fragmento abaixo e assinale a resposta CORRETA:
“Existe um povo que a bandeira empresta
P'ra cobrir tanta infâmia e cobardia!...
E deixa-a transformar-se nessa festa
Em manto impuro de bacante fria!...
Meu Deus! meu Deus! mas que bandeira é esta,
Que impudente na gávea tripudia?
Silêncio. Musa... chora, e chora tanto
Que o pavilhão se lave no teu pranto! ...
Auriverde pendão de minha terra,
Que a brisa do Brasil beija e balança,
Estandarte que a luz do sol encerra
E as promessas divinas da esperança...
Tu que, da liberdade após a guerra,
Foste hasteado dos heróis na lança
Antes te houvessem roto na batalha,
Que servires a um povo de mortalha!...
(ALVES, Castro.[Trecho de] O navio negreiro.
Disponível em <http://www.dominiopublico.gov.br/download/texto/bv 000068.pdf>.)
Leia o trecho a seguir e responda o que se pede:
“Negrinha abriu a boca, como o cuco, e fechou os olhos. A patroa então, com uma colher, tirou da água “pulando” o ovo e zás! na boca da pequena. E antes que o urro de dor saísse, prática que era D. Inácia nesse castigo, suas mãos amordaçaram-na até que o ovo arrefecesse. Negrinha urrou surdamente, pelo nariz. Esperneou. Mas só. Nem os vizinhos chegaram a perceber aquilo. Depois:
— Diga nomes feios aos mais velhos outra vez!! Ouviu, peste??”
(LOBATO, Monteiro. Negrinha. Disponível em <https://cs.ufgd.edu.br/download/Negrinha-de-Monteiro- Lobato.pdf>)
Assinale a alternativa que indica a classe
gramatical e o processo de formação da palavra
destacada:
Considere as afirmações a seguir e assinale a alternativa CORRETA:
1. O Romantismo Brasileiro, tendo como traço reconhecido o esforço de buscar uma fisionomia nacional que se distanciasse da literatura europeia, investiu no aportuguesamento da língua.
2. Nossos escritores românticos eram unânimes quanto ao reconhecimento da importância da contribuição de africanos e índios, como marca que nos diferenciava da literatura europeia.
3. Álvares de Azevedo negava a importância do
elemento indígena para a consolidação da
literatura nacional brasileira.
Leia o trecho a seguir e assinale a alternativa INCORRETA:
Após uma tentativa de criminalizar Amarildo e sua família, em agosto a Delegacia de Homicídios (DH) assumiu o caso, assim como o Grupo de Atuação Especial Contra o Crime Organizado (GAECO) do Ministério Público Estadual (MPE), que apontaram para uma “versão fantasiosa” sobre os fatos montada pela PM e indicaram a denúncia contra 25 PMs no total, todos da UPP Rocinha, incluindo o Major Edson Santos, ex-comandante da UPP Rocinha, e o tenente Luiz Felipe de Medeiros, subcomandante da unidade, pelos crimes de tortura seguida de morte, por ação direta ou omissão, ocultação de cadáver e fraude processual. (FRANCO, Marielle. UPP – A REDUÇÃO DA FAVELA A TRÊS LETRAS: UMA ANÁLISE DA POLÍTICA DE SEGURANÇA PÚBLICA DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO. Disponível em <https://app.uff.br/riuff/bitstream/1/2166/1/Marielle%20 Franco.pdf>)
Texto 1
Part of President Obama’s Speech at Rutgers Commencement 2016
Facts, evidence, reason, logic, an understanding of science — these are good things. These are qualities you want in people making policy. These are qualities you want to continue to cultivate in yourselves as citizens. That might seem obvious. That’s why we honor Bill Moyers or Dr. Burnell. We traditionally have valued those things. But if you were listening to today’s political debate, you might wonder where this strain of anti-intellectualism came from.
So, Class of 2016, let me be as clear as I can be. In politics and in life, ignorance is not a virtue. It’s not cool to not know what you’re talking about. That’s not keeping it real, or telling it like it is. That’s not challenging political correctness. That’s just not knowing what you’re talking about.
You know, it’s interesting that if we get sick, we actually want to make sure the doctors have gone to medical school, they know what they’re talking about. If we get on a plane, we say we really want a pilot to be able to pilot the plane. The rejection of facts, the rejection of reason and science — that is the path to decline.
From: shorturl.at/deAIX. Accessed on 04/01/2020
Texto 1
Part of President Obama’s Speech at Rutgers Commencement 2016
Facts, evidence, reason, logic, an understanding of science — these are good things. These are qualities you want in people making policy. These are qualities you want to continue to cultivate in yourselves as citizens. That might seem obvious. That’s why we honor Bill Moyers or Dr. Burnell. We traditionally have valued those things. But if you were listening to today’s political debate, you might wonder where this strain of anti-intellectualism came from.
So, Class of 2016, let me be as clear as I can be. In politics and in life, ignorance is not a virtue. It’s not cool to not know what you’re talking about. That’s not keeping it real, or telling it like it is. That’s not challenging political correctness. That’s just not knowing what you’re talking about.
You know, it’s interesting that if we get sick, we actually want to make sure the doctors have gone to medical school, they know what they’re talking about. If we get on a plane, we say we really want a pilot to be able to pilot the plane. The rejection of facts, the rejection of reason and science — that is the path to decline.
From: shorturl.at/deAIX. Accessed on 04/01/2020
Sobre líderes que espalham mentiras, o texto nos permite afirmar que:
Texto 1
Part of President Obama’s Speech at Rutgers Commencement 2016
Facts, evidence, reason, logic, an understanding of science — these are good things. These are qualities you want in people making policy. These are qualities you want to continue to cultivate in yourselves as citizens. That might seem obvious. That’s why we honor Bill Moyers or Dr. Burnell. We traditionally have valued those things. But if you were listening to today’s political debate, you might wonder where this strain of anti-intellectualism came from.
So, Class of 2016, let me be as clear as I can be. In politics and in life, ignorance is not a virtue. It’s not cool to not know what you’re talking about. That’s not keeping it real, or telling it like it is. That’s not challenging political correctness. That’s just not knowing what you’re talking about.
You know, it’s interesting that if we get sick, we actually want to make sure the doctors have gone to medical school, they know what they’re talking about. If we get on a plane, we say we really want a pilot to be able to pilot the plane. The rejection of facts, the rejection of reason and science — that is the path to decline.
From: shorturl.at/deAIX. Accessed on 04/01/2020
Depois de ler o texto, não é correto afirmar que:
Texto 3
The lessons Italy has learned about its COVID-19 outbreak could help the rest of the world
Only carefully conducted epidemiological studies will bring to light exactly how and why COVID-19 took off in northern Italy with such speed. But in the midst of the emergency, experts say there are already lessons to be gleaned from Italy's fatal errors — and urgent messages for other parts of the world.
"The biggest mistake we made was to admit patients infected with COVID-19 into hospitals throughout the region," said Carlo Borghetti, the vice- premier of Lombardy, an economically crucial region with a population of 10 million.
"We should have immediately set up separate structures exclusively for people sick with coronavirus. I recommend the rest of the world do this, to not send COVID patients into health-care facilities that are still uninfected."
Already, Italian cities in other regions are doing this, as well as field hospitals in Milan and Bergamo, Lombardy, which are almost complete.
However, the virus was not only spread to "clean" — i.e. infection-free — hospitals by admitting positive patients. In early March, as the number of infected was doubling every few days, authorities allowed overwhelmed hospitals to transfer those who tested positive but weren't gravely ill into assistedliving facilities for the elderly.
"It was like throwing a lit match onto a haystack," said Borghetti, who spoke out against the directive at the time. "Some facilities refused to take in the positive patients. For those that did [take them in], it was devastating."
Along with the tragic misstep of putting infected people under the same roof as clusters of the most physically vulnerable, Borghetti and others point to a deeper structural factor that accelerated the outbreak in northern Italy: a highly centralized health-care system with large hospitals as its focus.
From: shorturl.at/cMRTW. Accesses on 04/09/2020
Das lições que a Itália aprendeu com a COVID-19 está:
Texto 3
The lessons Italy has learned about its COVID-19 outbreak could help the rest of the world
Only carefully conducted epidemiological studies will bring to light exactly how and why COVID-19 took off in northern Italy with such speed. But in the midst of the emergency, experts say there are already lessons to be gleaned from Italy's fatal errors — and urgent messages for other parts of the world.
"The biggest mistake we made was to admit patients infected with COVID-19 into hospitals throughout the region," said Carlo Borghetti, the vice- premier of Lombardy, an economically crucial region with a population of 10 million.
"We should have immediately set up separate structures exclusively for people sick with coronavirus. I recommend the rest of the world do this, to not send COVID patients into health-care facilities that are still uninfected."
Already, Italian cities in other regions are doing this, as well as field hospitals in Milan and Bergamo, Lombardy, which are almost complete.
However, the virus was not only spread to "clean" — i.e. infection-free — hospitals by admitting positive patients. In early March, as the number of infected was doubling every few days, authorities allowed overwhelmed hospitals to transfer those who tested positive but weren't gravely ill into assistedliving facilities for the elderly.
"It was like throwing a lit match onto a haystack," said Borghetti, who spoke out against the directive at the time. "Some facilities refused to take in the positive patients. For those that did [take them in], it was devastating."
Along with the tragic misstep of putting infected people under the same roof as clusters of the most physically vulnerable, Borghetti and others point to a deeper structural factor that accelerated the outbreak in northern Italy: a highly centralized health-care system with large hospitals as its focus.
From: shorturl.at/cMRTW. Accesses on 04/09/2020
Texto 3
The lessons Italy has learned about its COVID-19 outbreak could help the rest of the world
Only carefully conducted epidemiological studies will bring to light exactly how and why COVID-19 took off in northern Italy with such speed. But in the midst of the emergency, experts say there are already lessons to be gleaned from Italy's fatal errors — and urgent messages for other parts of the world.
"The biggest mistake we made was to admit patients infected with COVID-19 into hospitals throughout the region," said Carlo Borghetti, the vice- premier of Lombardy, an economically crucial region with a population of 10 million.
"We should have immediately set up separate structures exclusively for people sick with coronavirus. I recommend the rest of the world do this, to not send COVID patients into health-care facilities that are still uninfected."
Already, Italian cities in other regions are doing this, as well as field hospitals in Milan and Bergamo, Lombardy, which are almost complete.
However, the virus was not only spread to "clean" — i.e. infection-free — hospitals by admitting positive patients. In early March, as the number of infected was doubling every few days, authorities allowed overwhelmed hospitals to transfer those who tested positive but weren't gravely ill into assistedliving facilities for the elderly.
"It was like throwing a lit match onto a haystack," said Borghetti, who spoke out against the directive at the time. "Some facilities refused to take in the positive patients. For those that did [take them in], it was devastating."
Along with the tragic misstep of putting infected people under the same roof as clusters of the most physically vulnerable, Borghetti and others point to a deeper structural factor that accelerated the outbreak in northern Italy: a highly centralized health-care system with large hospitals as its focus.
From: shorturl.at/cMRTW. Accesses on 04/09/2020
Sobre o fato da COVID-19 ter se alastrado pelo norte da Itália, o texto afirma que:
Texto 4
Coronavirus is 10 times deadlier than swine flu: WHO
COVID-19, the disease caused by coronavirus, is officially 10 times deadlier than the H1N1 swine flu strain that ripped across much of the world in 2009, the World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed Monday.
The only way to truly halt the spread is a vaccine, WHO chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said in a briefing from Geneva. More than 1.8 million people have been infected so far worldwide, and at least 115,000 have died.
“Evidence from several countries is giving us a clearer picture about this virus, how it behaves, how to stop it and how to treat it,” Tedros said. “We know that COVID-19 spreads fast, and we know that it is deadly – 10 times deadlier than the 2009 flu pandemic.”
While swine flu, as it was popularly known, killed 18,500 people, the true toll may have been closer to between 151,700 and 575,400, Agence France Presse (AFP) reported, citing The Lancet.
“We know that the virus can spread more easily in crowded environments like nursing homes,” Tedros continued. “We know that early case finding, testing, isolating, caring for every case, and tracing every contact is essential for stopping transmission.”
Pointing out that in some countries cases are doubling every three to four days, the disease accelerates fast but “decelerates much more slowly,” Tedros said. “In other words, the way down is much slower than the way up,” he said. “That means control measures must be lifted slowly and with control.”
Tedros cautioned that restarting the shutdown portions of the economy in the U.S. and other countries whose leaders have been anxious to loosen restrictions could prove deadly. He also exhorted everyone around the world to work together, as several development ministers from the United Kingdom, Denmark, Iceland, Finland, Germany, Norway and Sweden had done in a recent joint editorial.
De acordo com o texto, podemos afirmar que
Texto 4
Coronavirus is 10 times deadlier than swine flu: WHO
COVID-19, the disease caused by coronavirus, is officially 10 times deadlier than the H1N1 swine flu strain that ripped across much of the world in 2009, the World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed Monday.
The only way to truly halt the spread is a vaccine, WHO chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said in a briefing from Geneva. More than 1.8 million people have been infected so far worldwide, and at least 115,000 have died.
“Evidence from several countries is giving us a clearer picture about this virus, how it behaves, how to stop it and how to treat it,” Tedros said. “We know that COVID-19 spreads fast, and we know that it is deadly – 10 times deadlier than the 2009 flu pandemic.”
While swine flu, as it was popularly known, killed 18,500 people, the true toll may have been closer to between 151,700 and 575,400, Agence France Presse (AFP) reported, citing The Lancet.
“We know that the virus can spread more easily in crowded environments like nursing homes,” Tedros continued. “We know that early case finding, testing, isolating, caring for every case, and tracing every contact is essential for stopping transmission.”
Pointing out that in some countries cases are doubling every three to four days, the disease accelerates fast but “decelerates much more slowly,” Tedros said. “In other words, the way down is much slower than the way up,” he said. “That means control measures must be lifted slowly and with control.”
Tedros cautioned that restarting the shutdown portions of the economy in the U.S. and other countries whose leaders have been anxious to loosen restrictions could prove deadly. He also exhorted everyone around the world to work together, as several development ministers from the United Kingdom, Denmark, Iceland, Finland, Germany, Norway and Sweden had done in a recent joint editorial.
A respeito da abertura do comércio, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus diz que:
Texto 4
Coronavirus is 10 times deadlier than swine flu: WHO
COVID-19, the disease caused by coronavirus, is officially 10 times deadlier than the H1N1 swine flu strain that ripped across much of the world in 2009, the World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed Monday.
The only way to truly halt the spread is a vaccine, WHO chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said in a briefing from Geneva. More than 1.8 million people have been infected so far worldwide, and at least 115,000 have died.
“Evidence from several countries is giving us a clearer picture about this virus, how it behaves, how to stop it and how to treat it,” Tedros said. “We know that COVID-19 spreads fast, and we know that it is deadly – 10 times deadlier than the 2009 flu pandemic.”
While swine flu, as it was popularly known, killed 18,500 people, the true toll may have been closer to between 151,700 and 575,400, Agence France Presse (AFP) reported, citing The Lancet.
“We know that the virus can spread more easily in crowded environments like nursing homes,” Tedros continued. “We know that early case finding, testing, isolating, caring for every case, and tracing every contact is essential for stopping transmission.”
Pointing out that in some countries cases are doubling every three to four days, the disease accelerates fast but “decelerates much more slowly,” Tedros said. “In other words, the way down is much slower than the way up,” he said. “That means control measures must be lifted slowly and with control.”
Tedros cautioned that restarting the shutdown portions of the economy in the U.S. and other countries whose leaders have been anxious to loosen restrictions could prove deadly. He also exhorted everyone around the world to work together, as several development ministers from the United Kingdom, Denmark, Iceland, Finland, Germany, Norway and Sweden had done in a recent joint editorial.
Texto 5
Coronavirus has swept through tribes, killing elders and inflicting irreparable damage on tribal history, culture and medicine
When Bep Karoti Xikrin fell ill with Covid-19, he refused to go to a hospital. The 64-year-old chief of a Xikrin indigenous village in Brazil’s Amazon was plagued by headaches and fatigue and struggled for breath. But, according to his daughter Bekuoi Raquel, he was afraid that if he were admitted to hospital he might never return.
Instead, he died in his village – and with him, was lost decades of knowledge and leadership. “He knew so much about things we haven’t even experienced,” said Bekuoi, 21. “Everyone admired him. He was very loved.”
As Brazil’s confirmed overall death toll from Covid-19 passes 50,000, the virus is scything through the country’s indigenous communities, killing chiefs, elders and traditional healers – and raising fears that alongside the toll of human lives, the pandemic may inflict irreparable damage on tribal knowledge of history, culture and natural medicine.
The Munduruku people alone have lost 10 sábios, or wise ones. “We always say they are living libraries,” said Alessandra Munduruku, a tribal leader. “It’s been very painful.”
The victims include prominent figures such as Paulinho Paiakan, a Kayapó leader who fought alongside rock star Sting against the Belo Monte dam.
The indigenous organisation Apib has logged at least 332 Covid-19 deaths, and 7,208 coronavirus cases across 110 communities. “We are facing extermination,” said its executive coordinator, Dinamam Tuxá.
Indigenous leaders such as Tuxá say the government of the far-right president, Jair Bolsonaro, is failing to protect the country’s 900,000 indigenous people – many of whom live in small communities, where dozens often share the same house.
Tuxá said Brazil’s Funai indigenous agency has taken too long to send emergency food kits to people isolating in their villages, forcing them to risk infection by traveling to nearby towns for emergency government payments. Funai said it had delivered 82,000 basic food kits and 43,000 hygiene kits.
Some leaders even blame government health workers for bringing the virus. Katia Silene Akrãtikatêjê, 51, a chief from the Gavião tribe in Pará state, believes she caught Covid-19 after a government health team visited their village to give flu vaccines. “Everyone got sick from there on,” she said.
From: shorturl.at/finAM. Accessed on 07/01/2020
De acordo com o texto, a população indígena do Brasil teme que a COVID-19:
Texto 5
Coronavirus has swept through tribes, killing elders and inflicting irreparable damage on tribal history, culture and medicine
When Bep Karoti Xikrin fell ill with Covid-19, he refused to go to a hospital. The 64-year-old chief of a Xikrin indigenous village in Brazil’s Amazon was plagued by headaches and fatigue and struggled for breath. But, according to his daughter Bekuoi Raquel, he was afraid that if he were admitted to hospital he might never return.
Instead, he died in his village – and with him, was lost decades of knowledge and leadership. “He knew so much about things we haven’t even experienced,” said Bekuoi, 21. “Everyone admired him. He was very loved.”
As Brazil’s confirmed overall death toll from Covid-19 passes 50,000, the virus is scything through the country’s indigenous communities, killing chiefs, elders and traditional healers – and raising fears that alongside the toll of human lives, the pandemic may inflict irreparable damage on tribal knowledge of history, culture and natural medicine.
The Munduruku people alone have lost 10 sábios, or wise ones. “We always say they are living libraries,” said Alessandra Munduruku, a tribal leader. “It’s been very painful.”
The victims include prominent figures such as Paulinho Paiakan, a Kayapó leader who fought alongside rock star Sting against the Belo Monte dam.
The indigenous organisation Apib has logged at least 332 Covid-19 deaths, and 7,208 coronavirus cases across 110 communities. “We are facing extermination,” said its executive coordinator, Dinamam Tuxá.
Indigenous leaders such as Tuxá say the government of the far-right president, Jair Bolsonaro, is failing to protect the country’s 900,000 indigenous people – many of whom live in small communities, where dozens often share the same house.
Tuxá said Brazil’s Funai indigenous agency has taken too long to send emergency food kits to people isolating in their villages, forcing them to risk infection by traveling to nearby towns for emergency government payments. Funai said it had delivered 82,000 basic food kits and 43,000 hygiene kits.
Some leaders even blame government health workers for bringing the virus. Katia Silene Akrãtikatêjê, 51, a chief from the Gavião tribe in Pará state, believes she caught Covid-19 after a government health team visited their village to give flu vaccines. “Everyone got sick from there on,” she said.
From: shorturl.at/finAM. Accessed on 07/01/2020